Vol. 5, No. 18

HE BLACK PANTHER 2: Black Community News Service NO, 18 SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 MINISTRY OF INFORMATION waxy !HEBLACK PANTHER PARTY —__seiatcsouumse RICK OF pm DETROIT NCCF GENE LEWIS KILLED IN CHICAGO COURTHOUSE | « PIGS ATTACK NSIDE: REVOLUTIONARY PEOPLE'S CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION ALBANIA REPORT INTERVIEW WITH SHELLIE BURSEY (POLITICAL PRISONER) THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 2 A SUMMARY OF THE WEEK’S VIOLENCE AGAINST BLACKS OF CAIRO Vigilante terrorizing the Black community of Cairo, IIl. White vigilantes have been ex- cessively active this past week in arson and other acts of violence against the Black Community of Cairo, UL This week (October 10-17) has seen daily series of events in which the Black Com- munity has been brutally ter- rorized. Early in the week a yellow car was observed firing for over five minutes in front of the police Station towards the VFW and Pyramid Court--all Black housing projects, One Slack person Monroe Jenkins was hit in the left hand by bullet fragments from 4 bullet which ripped through and into his car. The first White man arrested for shooting into the Black com- munity during this over one and a half year of violence, was ap- prehended by two Black citizens, members of the staff of the Front, Mr, Russell DeBerry and James Chairs, He was then turned over to Cairo policemen. The man, from Kentucky, had fired into St. Colomba Church and at several people on the street and on the porch of the rectory. The United Front Clothing store at 181i Commercial was shot into by White racists on Monday even- ing following a city council meeting in which the members of the VFW told the Mayor they were going to take the law Into thelr own hands and shoot at the Black peo- ple of Cairo, The police Com- missioner also said thatthe police department had used and would use all types of machine guns and other automatic weapons. Ar least elght bullets broke through the front plate glass windows of the Palace. On Wednesday evening a 45 year old Black woman was stopped on the corner of 13th and Washing- ton by a white car with Kentucky Ueense, Three White men got out of the car and slapped the woman several times in the face, Cairo’s new police chief was greeted on Thursday with several cases of arson and again other violence against the Blacks, White arsonists burned s large portion of the cooperative pre-fab housing factory at 34th and Commerical resulting in a large amount of damage and setting that housing program back for several weeks. The housing factory now employs about 8 Blacks who are learning trade skills never before available to Blacks in Catre. It had planned eventually to employ 30 Black per- sons a5 they would produce at least two new homes per week. Later that same evening the arson- ists set afire and burned to the ground a church which had been converted from 4 small store, This church building stood only one block from Pyramid Court. On Friday evening beginning at about 7:30 pm, a Black taxi driver and other Black eyewitnesses say they saw 4 yellow car and a white car, both with Kentucky licenses at and near to buildings on 12th and Mth streets which were de- Stroyed by fires shortly after these cars were seen, Four occupied homes were burned to the ground and in some instances little or nothing was savedfromthehomes, Members of the Black community did much in fighting the fires and aided the stricken familles in safelyevacuatingtheir homes.Com- menting on the week, the Rev, Charles Koen said, ‘‘We need money to help the people who were burned out of their homes this week.”’ The reason for these continuous acts of violence is that they are White racists’ responses to the Unired Survival Conference to beheld Oct, 24 and 25 and that the spiritual power of Black folks in Cairo continues to grow and that the solidarity and unity increases and Black folks’ determination deepens to %°o on to total victory. UNITED FRONT INFORMATION SERVICE Front’s RACIST JURY CONVICTS BIG BOB Bob Heard Tuesday, October 20, Robert ‘Big Bob’ Heard, a member of the Black Panther Party was found guilry by an all White Jury, with the. exception of one ‘‘negro’’ hickey, and sentenced to Deer Is~- land for two and one half years ontrumped-upcharges of (1) as- sault and bartery on 4 pig, (2) carrying a concealed weapon, and (3) idle and disorderly conduct, re- sulting from an incident in Decem- ber of 1969 at the Dudley Street MBTA station. Bob upon leaving the Harvard bus on this date, was harassed and beaten by three lackey MBTA pigs who were on duty at Dud- ley station (pigs Arthur Sousa, Sprague and pig Sgt. Bond) for the express purpose of harassing and brutalizing Innocent Black people. The l4th Amendment to the Con- stitution gives 4 man a right to be tried by his peer group. A peer is a person from a similar economic, social, religious, geographical, environmental, historical and racial background. Bob's jury con- Sisted of Il white suburbanracists ” and one ‘‘negro”’ lackey. The people are the makers of re- volution and no force on earth can Stop us. Big Bob ts a living example to all those who oppose U.S.A, fascism and genocide. We must all learn from the revolu- tionary examples set by Bob in opposing the genocide of our peo- ple, This case is just one In many that the pigs have schemed up to try and intimidate Bob, The rac- ist judge even went so far as to deny Bob ball for his appeal. The judge had no reason whatsoever to deny Bob bail since he has never failed to appear in court, and has never had any prior convictions. :, The courtroom in which he was raflroaded was packed with pigs and everyone was searched before entering, which only served to pre- judice the already prejudiced jury, The deliberate disregardfor Bob's rights in the courtroom were obvious. This trial shows clearly that the Black man has no rights that a White man is bound to re- spect. Black people cannot receive justice in a corrupt court andreal justice can only be achieved when the people take power and a new constitution is drawn up by the peo- ple themselves. SURVIVAL THROUGH SERVICE TO THE PEOPLE} Boston Chapter Black Panther Party 23 Winthrop Street Roxbury, Mass. REVOLUTIONARY DRUG PROGRAM SERVES THE PEOPLE The Black Panther Party under- stands the relationship between capitalism and drug addiction in regards to the Black community. We understand that the economic Structure of this capitalist society negates the whole premise that these pigs are concerned about drug addiction in the colony. To do this would mean a total restruc- turing of the society-- ¢conom|- cally, socially, and morally, Once we can understand this then we are able to see why all of these so-called rehabilitative drug pro- grams sponsored by various pig institutions are unable to deal with drug addicts, Roxbury’s Black community is not unlike any other Black com- munity in racist Babylon in re- gards to drug addiction, However, the community now has a revolu- tionary People's Drug Pro- gram. Project Concern, located in the South End, was initially thought of by Milton Blue, a right on brother who had been relat- ing to the Party for some time through Political Education class- es and as a part-time worker, Serving the people. The program is run by ex-addicts who have acquired a political consciousness and therefore realize thenecessity of quitting drugs in order to sur- vive, Basing their program on the revolutionary ideology of cap- iralism plus dope equals genocide, these brothers through their prac- tice, have shown that equipped with the correct understanding of how the pigs’ lust for money Is the driving force behind all their ac- tions, they are then able to recog~ nize the various actions on the oppressors’ part to ensure our en~ Slayement, To date, Project Concern Is the first successful drug program of any kind in the city of Boston. When one notices the success of Project Concern and the complete failure of the city’s institution- alized{programs, |the-realization is thar for ‘‘some reason” the pigs are not moving inthe correct man- ner to wipe our drugs, We must understand first of all that in fact they do not want to eradicate this problem, because to do so would deplete their illegal sourcesof in- come, At the same time our young brothers and sisters would be able to see clearly their state of ex- Ploitation and rise up in a rey- olutionary manner to free them- selves. We say that “the youth make the revolution’’ and because we rea- lize that ‘‘only a revoluton will destroy the plague”? we say right- on to all those righteous brothers in Project Concern who are mov- ing to save our hope--our youth. BLACK PANTHER PARTY Boston Chapter 23 Winthrop Street Roxbury, Mass, Diana RALLY NOVEMBER 3,1970 12:00 NOON NEW HAVEN GREEN OPPOSITE THE COURTHOUSE SOSSSSCOO SSS OOOOH SPEAKERS ELAINE BROWN MICHAEL TABOR PENNY JACKSON DAVE DELLINGER ABBIE HOFFMAN FOR. IMMEDIATE RELEASE OF ERICKA AND BOBBY RD, ILLINOIS On the North Side of Rockford, _ Albert Norris was attacked and “brutalized by 14 rookie pigs for no apparent reason. According to witnesses the only reason for the unprovoked attack was because the brother is Black. The pigs came into the community claiming they _ received a report of adisturbance in the general area, Upon arriving the pigs saw no one except Albert Norris minding his own business, 80 he became the target of their racism. Two patrol cars ap- proached Mr, Norris and four pigs got out and attempted to apprebend the brother. Within three minutes nine adkitional patrol cars hadar- rived. Twelve rookie pigs began beating and choking the brother as they dragged him to a squad car. In the process of being ar- rested this brother suffered a seizure. The pigs handcuffed him and taking advantage of his seizure Proceeded to kick and punch him in the abdomen and groin. A young brother came to the man's aidand told the pigs to let him go be- cause he was sick. The pigs then arrested the young (fifteen year old) brother for interferring with Police officers. An elderly woman who had witnessed the whole attack began to tell the people who had come out on their porches about how the man hadsuffered a seizure and the pigs beat and kicked him One of the officers how it was a shame this man was savagely beaten only because he was Black and that something should be done 7 OAKLAND On October 16, 1970, shortly after %00 p.m., 15 to 20 pigs vamped on the home of the Hen- derson family, at 3432 Magnolia St., and arrested six people. The pigs had {llegally stopped two brothers while they were driy- ing in front of the house, The pigs questioned the brothers about the whereabouts of one of Henderson's Sons. The pigs could not elicit any information out of the two but Still used this as a justification for vamping on the house. The pigs then surrounded the house in pre- paration for their cowardly attack, Gerrett Henderson (one of the , Sons) then stepped out of the house i and asked the pigs if they had @n arrest or search warrant, but they gave no indications of having one, Garrett stepped back inside the house, and the pigs, in their fascist fashion, started breaking the glass out of the front door with the butts of their shotguns and tore into the house. ____ Michael Henderson (another son) ic fas standing near the front door __ aid the pigs began brutalizing him with their clubs and held him at Polat, One sadistic pig grabbed > pound tool box lying on the + and slashed it against Mi- S head. Then while the bro- er wis bleeding severely, the Poked the barrel of their while he was handcuffed. She told PIGS BRUTALIZED FAMILY ROCKFORD PIGS ATTACK ROTHER DURING SEIZURE about it, The pig, showing his true racist nature, told her sarcas- tically to ‘‘take it to court - 9:30 a.m. Monday morning"’, Recently the Rockford Police Department has been beefed up with bootlicking nigger pigs in an attempt to hide the racism that is prevalent. Bur the last straw has been dropped and the bottom has fallen out of the basket, We are moving to implement point no. 7 of our Platform and Program which calls for an immediate end to Police brutality and murder of Black People, and we don’t care if Mayor Schleicher, State Attorney Rhein- hard, or Chief pig Peterson don't like it because the people, op- pressed people, are moving to get their freedom, and will take their heads in the process. To the pigs of the power structure we are saying these are your final hours because Babylon fs falling, and upon the blood and the bones of the racist, reactionary pig cops will be founded the new society. Death to the racist, reactionary pigs. At this point, members of his family and their friends who were Present emerged toward Michael to give him first aid, but the pigs attacked and brutalized them, Just as Michael and his brother Garret along with two other brothers were dragged out the house, their pa- rents arrived, Thelr mother got out of the car to investigate, and the pigs twisted her arms and Shoved her into a police car, Every person in the house ar- tempting to defend himself against this vicious attack was arrested, and two of them were severely injured, The brother the pigs claim they were looking for was nowhere in sight and does not reside at that house, This is the second time in two years the pigs have exposed their madness to the Hen- derson family. The pigs waged an attack in May of 1969 on the same home, Many young pigs were used in this attack to give them ‘'no knock"’ experience for future raids. The mad fools also threatened to ar- rest onlookers if they didnot leave the block. ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE DEATH TO THE FASCIST PIGS Allen Fulgham The basic rights laid down by tensively THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 3 THIS PETITION WILL BE PRESENTED TO THE UNITED NATIONS NOVEMBER 16, 1970 PETITION TO THE UNITED NATIONS We, the undersigned citlzens of the United States, grevely con- comed with the continued racist persecution, conscious and uncon- scious, and centuries-old denial of Constitutionul rights and respect for human dignity to men, women and children of red, brown, yellow and particularly black Americans, assert that: The sevage police activities, based upon official policies of Federal, Stete and City governments, has resulted in innumerable beatings, frame- ups, drrests and murders of black Americans, the classical example of which is the Black Panther Party, The mUrderous attacks on Black youth in Chicago I}linois, Orangeburg South Carolina, Augusta Georgia, Jack- son, Mississippi, and the fanurnerable beatings, legal fraineups of Brown, Red, Yellow and Black youths are not only in violation of their legal rights, but as well of this government's commitment under the Charter of the United Nations, The Genocide Convention adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 9, 1848, defines es genocide “killing members of the group and any intent to destroy In whole or in part a national racial or ethnic or religious group". And further, according to the Convention, “Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group” is Genocide, We assert that the Genocide Convention has been flagrantly viola- ted by the Govemment of the United States. We further assert that the United Nations has jurisdiction in this matter, to hold otherwise ts to repudiate its position regarding apartheid in South Africa and as well its universal Declaration of Human Rights, and its Convention for the Pre- ventia and Punishment of Genocide, The racist planned and unplanned terror suffered by more than 40 millions of black, brown, red and yeHow citizens of the United States cannot be regarded solely as a domestic issue. The continuance of these practices threatens the struggle of mankind throughout the world to achieve peace, security and dignity. On the basis of simple justice, it is time for the Human Rights Commission of the Untted Nations to call -for universal action, including political and economic sanctions egainst the United States, We further demand that the United States government make reparations to those who have suffered the damages of racist and genocidal practices, Address City, State, Zip a ee, UNDER THE AUSPICES OF; The Committee to Petition The United Nations of the Conference Committee, 33 Union Square W., New York, N.Y., 10003, Room 907 STUDENTS DENIED THE RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF SPEECH and when they com- out of School, The rights of stu-— James Madison, George Washing - ton and Benjamin Franklin inthe U.S, Constitution approximately one hundred and eighty years ago have since that time been a beay- tiful theory on paper. On the con- centration camp Like campus of Fremont High School in Los An- geles, two sisters attempted to have a conference with the prin- cipal regarding a mass rally with the students. In route to the of- fice to request to see the prin- cipal, the sisters were deterred and escorted to the boys’ Vice Principal's office. Behind closed doors, they were questioned ex- Plained about this type of treat- ment, the Vice Principal called the pigs. The pigs were needed to deal with “two young ladies*’ who were trying to start an up- rising at Fremont High School. The questions continued and fin- ally the administrators decided that the sisters had weed or red devils in thelr possession, Sub- Sequently the sisters were Searched and though nothing was found, their parents were called and they were kicked off campus, The school administrators in cahoots with the pigs, harassed, exploited and ra{lroaded students dents to speak, assemble, remain Silent, must be respected, The rights of students to a fair judg ment by their peers and a path to voice thelr grievances must be made, The Revolutionary Peo- ple’s Constitutional Convention on November 27, 28 sand 29th will be the final drafting of the new Constitution in which the students » as well 48 all oppressed people will haye thelr rights recognized. — WRITE THE NEW constrrutioni ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE, BLACK PANTHER PARTY — Southern California Cha et ee | THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 4 STATEMENT BY ERNEST CRONEY, 3116914 MARQUETTE PRISON, SEPTEMBER, 1970 Dear Brothers and Sisters, It ts an overwhelming situation | find myself in now, because I have been systematically blocked from writing or seeing anyone of the "free world" for nearly two years. Therefore my confidence and abi- lity to communicate Is drastically marred, Please do not be alarmed, they have not destroyed my mind, and fortunately 1 have so far been spared mutilation. But, if I at times confuse the issuca I will atrempt to present here, then let this confusion in itself serve as proof of the urgency of this communication, When | first arrived at Mar- quette Prison in July, 1967, there was @ Black inmate named James Newton being kicked and brutally beaten about the head with heavy metal cell keys. 1 later found out that it was because he had been talking during the all-day silent period, There were about 55 of us who arrived, chained together, on two buses, and three fourths of the 55 were Black men, Among the 55 prisoners, 15 of us were closely aligned. Our cause was survival, One of the 15 was a White soul brother named Ear! Moore, He was told on our first day in Marquette that if he re- mained with the rest of us as he had been, the prison administra- tion would see to it thar his en- tire stay would be made much harder. Gut he stood fast, and re- mained with us until he was dis- charged. On our third day here one of our fifteen named Dease, became extremely ill. He asked the guard on duty if he could see the doc- tor. He was refused. Upon refu- sal he began to call out in hopes of attracting the attention of a more sympathetic guard, This summons brought the reluctant at- tention of Capt. George Summers and a half d)zen guards, who threateningly told him to shut up or he would get a taste of Mar- OPEN LETTER TO D.c., G., AND J.C. I have seen you in your day to day work so I know your concern for the minds - bodies - spirits of the suffering people. And how you miss the people and how all of us, who are committed to fight to the end with you, miss you, Wherever you are, know that people are working as never before. The Peace being example of the Black Panther Party across the old class and castelines toward the G.I.’s, the labor insurgents, the barrios, the ghettos - toward, at Movement is last, the people. We know now that old John Brown was right: ‘‘The cost of repression is always greater than the price of Freedom’’, We embrace you from afar and we work side by side. In the revolution, those who belong together need not be glued together, And we areall together as never before. Donald Freed Los Angeles - New York quette discipline. By this time Dease was so fll he could not reply or even move. Whatfollowed ten minutes later and in the years that followed was beatings, gas, and constant humiliation. In the spring of 1968 we were all in F-Block, which Is a soll- tary confinement unit (the holg) where, among other degradations, food is served wunsanitarily by guards. And the guard in charge of F-Block at that time was a sergeant who Is known bythe name “Nazi Charlie."’ He tiled very hard, to say the least, to live up to his name, with such tyranni- cal and filthy deeds as spitting on inmates food, using the same gloves that are normally used for picking up toilet brushes and dirty clothes to pass out bread and other food, wiping his dirty hands on clean pillow cases and towels which were then given to the inmates of F-Block to be used for the following week, and on and on, Brothers and sisters, Black men are barbarically punished here for as little as ‘‘having an impro- per artitude’ toward the all White prison administration. (There is not one Black guard or Black of- ficial in Marquette Prison). The treatment of Black inmates in the past and the present, inflicted by the White guards under the direc- tion of the all White administra- tion, has sucessfully gained for them the status of over 100 years ago, that of ‘*master and slave," The Department of Corrections is well aware of the atrocities com- mitted against the Black inmates here, because ft has been Informed again and again of the treatment inflicted upof) us. Yet they do not intervene or act in the interest of the Inmates, and Department of Corrections officials (such as Per- ry Johnson) who have contributed heavily to this situation have only been rewarded with promotions and advancements Instead of re- & driven by the primands and dismissals. (Perry Johnson is not Warden at Jackson Prison he was Assistant Deputy Warden here during one of the worst periods of mistreatment and brurality against Black inmates.) There is no redress of grie- vances here at all, and inmates are even punishedfor attempting to bring their plight to the attention of other government agencies and or the mass news media, There are even Institutiqnal mail regu- lations here which prohibit inmates from writing abour the conditions inside this place, Throughout Michigan's penal system Black inmates are handicapped and tor- tured inthis neo-colonlalized slave system, more so in Marquette. I have seen & Black man beaten and hanged by prison guards in lonia Reformatory, His only crime was being Black and alone. It was labelled "‘suicide.’’ Recently here in Marquette, a Black man named “Sonny’’ McCree was killed by another inmate who had been talked into attacking ‘Sonny’ by a guard who said that ‘‘Sonny’’ needed to be taught a lesson, The administration was aware that this other inmate was murderous and psvcopathically violent, yer they allowed him to stay in the Population and egged him on to acts of violence against his broth- ers, The death of ‘‘Sonny’’ Mc- Cree was covered up and labelled an accident by the Marquette Pri- son administration. Not long ago four Black inmates Raymond Callahan, Lamont Doz- fer, Nabors and Griffin were un- mercifully beaten and gassed be- cause they had the nerve to ask that the doors be closed while there were still freezing temperatures outside, Not only were these four in- mates beaten and gassed and car- ried off to F-Block in laundry baskets (after being beaten uncon- scious), but the whole population of B-Block, where they were kept was subjected to massive tear part in the affair, And in the fol- lowing months (the Incident oc- curred in February 1970) the four men have been periodically beaten and gassed while kept in F-Block or the hole. Raymond Callahan was so brutally beaten,harrassed, and totally humiliated until his whole personality was broken down and he can hardly talk anymore, He is now being kept under psychi- atric care In Jackson Prison. 1 will now give you a roll call of the Black men and oné White man who dared to be men up here: Leroy Frost, Charles Mcline Aaron jackson, Danny Patterson William Sarnett, Clarence Hester, Norman Richardson, Otis Adams, Jerome Loines, Archie O'Quinn, Robert Zeigler, Willie Harris, Clarence Hinton, Lenny Tyson, Leroy James, Charles Payton, Ronnie Griffin, Lamont Dozier, Larry. Coney, Curtis Clark, Earl Moore, Raymond Callahan, Gregory Callahan, Robert Shipp, Ronnie Howard, George Douglas, Roger Johnson, Gregory Mercer, Earnest McFarlin, Eugene Wilson, Melvin Lemmons, Chester Dicker- son, Lemmie Smith, James New- ton, Eric Woods, Joe Young, Ha- rold Glover, James Britton, Pan- cho Silva, Dease, Nabors, andmy- self, Ernest Croney. All of these brothers have been beaten and or gassed, many of them a number of times, for refusing to submit to the humiliating and tyrannical treatment offered by the Marquette Prison administration. A number of Black inmates here have attempted to bring an end to this situation by petitioning the state and federal courts for an end to beatings, gassings, un- fair treatment severe mail censor- ship (Including, as in my case, being cut off from writing any- body for months at a time, even their own sisters and brothers, mothers and fathers at home), and other humiliating violations of the law, Yet these petitions and suits have consistently been de- nied by the state and federal courts usually on legal technicalities that stem from the fact that the in- mates prepare thelr own briefs and petitions without an adequate knowledge of how to do them right. But the longer this goes on the more determined the Black pri- soners here become to put an end to these conditions of degrada- tion and despair, by any means necessary. All Power To the Peo- ple! Power to the brothers who fight the brutal prison conditions! FREE ALL POLITICAL PRISO- NERS! 128 PAGES OF REVOLUTIONARY ART WE WILL NOT HESITATE TO EITHER KILL OR DIE FOR OUR FREEDOM WE HAVE TO BEGIN TO DRAW PICTURES THAT WILL x MAKE PEOPLE GO OUT AND KILL PIGS EMORY DOUGLAS MINISTER OF CULTURE BLACK PANTHER PARTY Our Minister of Culture, Emory Douglas has a new book in print- ing to be released in future, The title is ‘‘We will not hesitate to either kill or die for our freedom,’’ the near Revolutionary Art by Emery Dowgles Minister of Culture Block Panther Party Emory illustrates the essence of. revolutionary art, “‘the people’’, in pictures as well as gives the Black Panther Party’s positionon j revolutionary art, Last week on October 1%h, Chi- cago Federal Court Judge Julius Hoffman, internationally recog- nized fascist, dismissedconspir- | say, to riot charges against Black Panther Party Chairman Bobby Seale, This dismissal comes more than 4 year after the original trial for Chairman Bobby and seven co-defendants In this case was be- gun. Prior to the trial date Gept. 24th) and on that date, Chairman Bobby had made motions to the court for a postponement because his attorney, Charles Garry, could not be present to represent him His motions were denied and the tial began as scheduled. During the proceedings Chairman Bobby repeatedly demanded his right to defend himself since his right to counsel had been denied. As the days passed and Chairman Bob- by’s objections increased, Judge Hoffman's fascism became more overt and blatant. Finally, the judge ordered Chairman Bobby bound, gagged and beaten in the courtroom, Chairman Bobby Seale On November 5, 1969, after six weeks of trial, Chairman Bobby was separated from his co- defendants and at that point his case was declared a mistrial. CONSPIRACY CHARGES DROPPED - APPEASEMENT OR TRAP? At the same time, because of his consistent demands for his con- stitutional rights, Chairman Bob- by wis found guilty of 16 counts of contempt of court andsentenced to four years in prison. Last week the original conspi- racy charge was dismissed at the U.S, Government's request. How- ever, Chairman Bobby still re- mains convicted of the 16 counts of contempt and that case is now on appeal, One must not be mis- lead by the fascist government's request for dismissal inthis case, It is only because the Chairman is now facing conspiracy to com- mit murder and kidnapping char- ges in New Haven, Connecticut and the government, In conjunc- tionwith thesrate of Connecticut, has already unequivocally decided Chairman Bobby's fate in this case, that they dropped the char- ges in Chicago. The poor andoppressed peoples throughout Babylon and the World must move positively and imme- diately to ensure that they are the determining factor in Chair- man Bobby Seale’s future. RUCHELL MAGEE FACES DEATH IN THE GAS CHAMBER AT THE HANDS OF THE SAN QUENTIN FASCISTS 31 year old Ruchell Magee, the brother who stood so boldly with three other revolutionary brothers (Jonathan Jackson, William Christmas, and James McClain) fo escape the prison walls of fas- cist San Quentin on the date. of Aug. 7th of this year so that they could join their oppressed people in our struggle, is now ar- tending hearings in San Quentin countroom. Ruchell is the only one of the four brothers who was not raur- dered by the fascist San Quentin guards. He was only wounded and now faces the wrath of the op- pressors. Last week on the date of Oct, 14th, people came to San Quentin's courtroom to attend Ru- chell's hearing. Ruchell again stood before the court to ques- tion the judge about the petitions he filed a few weeks ago, charg- ing Louis S, Nelson (Warden of San Quentin) for murder of Jona- than Jackson, James McClain and William Christmas, because it was Nelson who gavethe word to the guards to fire on these revolu- tlonwry brothers and the jurors and the judge who were taken as hostages, Ruchell also filed a petition on his conviction of kidnapping for tenced to prison in 1965), Ruchell a _ purposes of robbery (he was sen- 7 rs < ow“ _ States in the petition that his trial “Which sentenced him to San Quentin was illegal and against his con- ‘Stitutional rights. In Ruchell’s Petition he also stares that his €a8€ should be removed from San ia : and that he should not be fi by the state since the ‘State refused him permission to Civil or criminal actions in Ruchell demanded thar he defend nself in court (the constitution the U.S, states that every man woman has this right) and yet mil the Supreme Court ruled that Ru- chell was not competent to repre- sent himself. The appointed At- torney (Clinton White) withdrew from the case, because Ruchell does not want him as his attor- ney, but wants to represent him- self, Judge Wilson told Clinton White that the court will not allow him to withdraw, On Tuesday, Oct. 20th, Ruchell again appeared in court, and Clinton White also ap- peared, The fascist judge was per- sistent in implying that Clinton White is Ruchell’s attorney and A POEM In the night And then held three years On a false charge Of murder. Whi is this man? His name is Huey P, Newton Ruchell was equally persistent in denying this. The judge told Ru- chell to be quiet. And when Ru- chell refused and continued to ex- pose to the people present in the court, the fascist games being played on him, the judge ordered the guards to take him curt of the courtroom. A few minutes later he was brought back Into the court- room, Ruchell was dragged from the court three times. The judge re- cessed the hearing until Tuesday, Nov, 17th, In the meantime no one is able to correspond with Ru- chell, and he himself stared that his mail from his friends and relatives has been held up by San Quentin's fascists. There has been no date set for Ruchell's trial as of now, there are only hearings, As with the case of our Chair- man Bobby Seale (when he was in Chicago for the Conspiracy 8 trial) Ruchell is also being de- nied his constitutional rights, and plans are being made to railroad him off to the gas chamber. Since no one can correspond with him, and no one can give to the people the true facts concerning the phy- Sical condition he ts in, there is ho telling wiiat those fascist dogs are doing to him. We sre asking the people of the community to attend the next hear- ing, which will be Tuesday, Nov. 17th, at 9:00 a.m, at San Quentin's Prison Courtroom to demand an end to the unjust fascist court system of the U,S, that we Black as well as all oppressed people have been victims of, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE DEATH TO THE FASCIST U,S, COURTS Black Panther Party Ministry of Information Oakland, California Cand! Robinson Who was arrested because He had stood up for his rights And the rights of Black people throughout the world POWER TO THE PEOPLE, Steven Levinson, Age 11 on THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 3I, 1970 PAGE 5 FREE ROLAND CHA MBERS "To be a revolutionary is to be an enemy of the state, To be ar- rested for this struggle is to be a political prisoner." ---Bobby Seale. On Friday, October %h, another one of our people's war- riors, Roland Chambers, was rail- roaded to jail by this government's fascist court system. Because of an alleged probation violation, Ro- land was sentenced to three months for charges of assault and batrery on a pig, and attempting to res- cue 4 prisoner. The facts of this case display an overwhelming con- tempt not only for Roland's ““rights’’ but any pretense of "*jus- tice’ or “law and order"’ in a country gone mad with fascism, A series of events led to the final frame-up, 4 false bust, be- ing beaten art pig pen #9 (so bad- ly that Roland was on crutches for the next three weeks), and then being sentenced to three months, (sentence suspended) and one year probation, The very first time Ro- land went to see his probation officer, pig Leehan, he was asked all kinds of questions; questiens designed to obtain Information about the functioning of the Bos- ton Chapter, Roland, of course re- fused to answer and pig Leehan immediately revoked Roland's probation. Another ransom (pail) was set and two weeks later the set up was complete, Because of some ‘‘constitutional’’ trickery, there is no appeal for the case, After spending less than a week in one slam, Deer Island, Ro- land was shipped, like a slave, to the oldest, most decrepit, run- down, prison in Massachusetts, Bridgewater House of Correction for the criminally insane, This was an inhumane, outrageous attempt to break his spirits and keep him from organizing the many ille- gally held Black prisoners at Deer Island, Babylonian justice in the form of the U.S, Constitution, which ts 4a trickbag, called for his false ar- rest and treatment like a slave, To Iincarcerate someone in an In- sane asylum because he Is a ser- vant of the people, shows to what extent the oppressors will stoop to keep us enslaved, A constitu- tion that serves the needs of the people must replace the existing Slave document that keeps us all in chains. SUPPORT THE REVOLUTIONARY PEOPLE’S CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION! FREE ROLAND! Michael Fultz Boston Chapter Black Panther Party ROBINETTA GLADDEN RAILROADED BY FASGISE COURTS , The fascist courts of Philadel- phia, Pa, have rallroaded comrade Robinetta Gladden, one of the Phil- adelphia Panthers who was ar- rested on trumped up charges of conspiracy, conspiracy tocommit murder, aggravated assault and battery, assault and battery, on a pig officer, assault with intent to kill, violation of the city's fire arm ict, Robinetta also had a charge of deliquency and because She is considered a minor by the pigs, she has been forced by the juvenile authorities tohavea sep- erate trial from her fellowcom- rades, On October 23, 1970, Robinetta Gladden went to court as scheduled with the following people present: the judge, district attorney, four- teen or fifteen pigs, defense law- yer, her mother andfather, Entry of all others into the courtroom was denied. This is the juvenile courtroom procedure that the pigs have set up, and fr is another one of the fascist system's rail- roading tactics. Robin’s defense attorney, Novick had her along with her family un- der the impression thar she would have all charges against her dropped, and would be released into the custody of her parents. How- ever while the sister was in court the presiding pigs, and a racist judge dominated the proceedings. When her attorney moved to cross examine, his words were as light as a feather, and didn’t amount to a grain of sand, The courtroom proceedings went on for three hours, and Robin was found guilty, Now the pigs are put- ting the sister through a week of psychological treatments and ob- servations before the judge will make the decision on her sentence. Robinetta Gladden is a strong sister, and her revolutionary love and courage for the people and party is strong, and Robin is de- termined to lead the people to revolution, FREE ROBIN NOWIIIII! FREE ALL POLITICAL PRI- SONERS! DEATH TO THE PIGS! Rosalyn Sisk Philadelphia,, Pa, Black Panther Party SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 6 GENE LEWIS KILLED INCHICAGO COURTHOUSE THE MAXIMUM IN HIS QUEST FOR FREEDOM On Monday morning, October 19, 1970, in the confines of racist, fascist Cook County Courthouse a brother named Gene Lewis, was shot and killed by Chicago pigs, as he struggled to free himself from the judicial lynching andrail- roading by the American judicial system. To éxamine Gene Lewis" background one discovers a life similar to our own, 4 life style which could be a stereotype for most of the youths who havegrown up In Chicago, It is the way people live and their actions which dis- “‘killer"’, a convict, but we the people who loved Gene Lewis in the broadest manner, say that he was an enslaved man who chose to Struggle by means necessary for his freedom, Even though Gene Lewis may not any have understood the academic definitions of a revolutionary, hie social practice proved that he was 4 freedom fighter who chose the freedom of death over a life of enslavement. Most of us first became familiar with the name Gene Lewis, when Gene Lewis’ mother helped by Panthers after finding out about son’s brutal killing tinguishes Some people from others. We In the Black Panther Party say that ‘'social practice’’ (what you do) is the criterion of the truth, and Gene Lewis’ social practice, the way he lived and died, proves that he was aman determined to be free, When we talk about freedom, we are not just talking about freedom from the maximum im- in 1969 some brothers ripped off an armored pay truck at the See- burg plant on Chicago's Northside. The name Gene Lewis was attached to this robbery, and the pigs began to search for him, The truck al- legedly contained $35,000 in wages which in actuality were slave waces as the company of Seeburg had been known to exploit its workers. Many people were glad to hear Gene Lewis an enslaved man determined to be free used his creative abilities to gain his freedom and proved that a man determined to be free can never be captured prisonment of handcuffs and steel bars, but also freedom from the oppressive effects caused by a system based on the exploitation { man by man, The reactionary ews media called Gene Lewis a that these oppressive pigs had been robbed and that some of the brothers got away with the money, The people paid close attention to the various pig reports concerning this action, knowing that the op- pressed at last had been able to strike a blow against the oppressor. During their search anddestroy mission, the pigs discovered a motel where Gene was supposedto be Living, and surrounded it hoping to kill him, However, Gene was able to outmaneouver the pigs and escaped from the motel, making the pigs look like the reactionary fools they are, The pigs then in- tensified their search, and once again discovered his whereabouts. A trap was laid to kill him, Gene Lewis was able to elude this trap at first, but was caught after an auto chase and crash which injured him so badly that he could not escape. The pigs thought that they had him for good, but failed to realize that a man determined to be free can never be captured, Using his creative abilities, Gene Lewis was able to escape from Cook County jail in less than 10 days after his capture. It was apparent by his actions that he had studied Cook County Jalil (which is supposed to be a maxi- mum security institution) and understood it well, He passed himself off as another prisoner, who was in jail on tempted robbery, with a bail of $1,000, Bond was posted for Gene Lewis, under his assumed identity, and he walked right out of Cook County jail, once again proving to the pigs that they were a bunch of reactionary fools. This escape by Gene Lewis alarmed the pigs locally and nationally, because Gene’s courage and creative ability presented a threat to the reactionary pigs’ oppressive system, Ie was this alarm, this fear by the pigs of Gene Lewis, which intensified their manhunt and led to the discovery of his whereabouts once again, This time Gene was in Atlanta, Georgia, when allegedly local pig detectives chased him in a late model sports car stolen from the loop in Chicago. This chase ended up with Gene surrendering (according to the pigs) in anearby apartment bullding. He was then transferred to Chicago to stand trial for murder (he was supposed to have killed a stool pidgeon) ana armed robbery. Once again the pigs thought that they had Gene Lewis in maximum imprisonment, but his zest for living proved Stronger than bars and he or- ganized another escape. This at- tempt proved thar the pigs are reactionary fools, if they think that a man determined to be free can be held captive. The pigs in their attempts to play down this organized escape attempt, used a bootlicking warden Winston Moore to lead the attack against Gene Lewis and the other prisoners who were secking freedom. By doing this the pigs hoped to play down the escape at- tempt by playing up pig Winston Moore. However, the people had been observing the actions of Gene Lewis, and they had grown tores- pect him as a man who would never give up in his fight for freedom from this oppressive system. Again using his creative abilities he secured two guns, and two racist, fascist pigs (one was a baliff and the other a States Attorney) 4s hostages. Gene Lewis was motivated by the same spirit as Jackson, James McClain, Willlam Christmas, and Ruchell MaGee, This spirit and determination was for freedom from the oppressive grips of this exploitative system. Gene Lewis, like Jonathan, James, William and Ruchell, was a tired man, determined not to be enslaved or die an enslaved man, Jonathan The pigs moved just as they did an ate Gene Lewis chose the freedom of death over a life of enslavement in Marin County, California, They opened fire without concern for human Life, It didn't matter thar Gene Lewis held two of their fas- cist cohorts at gun point, They fired at Gene Lewis anyway. Wit- nesses say that it was the Pigs’ bullets that wounded the hostages, this is supported by the fact that Gene Lewis held the guns at the hostages’ head, and the wounds re- celved by the hostages were in their hand and arm area, people who move in this manner revolutionaries, because they live and struggle to be free under a system which wants to keep them enslaved, and by living and Struggling this way they are seeking a change. The pigs posed over Gene Lewis" dead body as though they had finally captured, killed and stopped him. But the spirit of Gene Lewis lives on, his determination for freedom will not be forgotten or halted in Daley’s fascist troops seek to villify Gene’s family as they arrest his brother who wanted to find out about Gene’s death Numerous reports say that Gene Lewis was shot from 10 to 30 times, and one report said that a pig emptied his gun in Gene Lewis’ body as he lay on the floor, No attempt was made to save his life or secure a doctor; instead the pigs laid his body on the floor so thar photographers (some of whom arrived 30 and 40 minutes later) could take pictures of his dead body and hopefully stop other peo - ple who are also sick and tired of this oppressive system, from moving in a determined manner to free themselves from the clutches of this oppressive system. We call the halls of Cook County jail. His death will only add to our determination as oppressed people to obtain maximum freedom from this system and if death is the maximum test, then by death we shall be free, Gene Lewis is free at ast. ALL POWER, TO THE PEOPLE IF DEATH S THE MAXIMUM TEST FOR FREEDOM, THEN BY DEATH SHALL WE BE FREE. Illinois Chapter Black Panther Party DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ss: 1, Audrea Jones, being sworn, Say: Lam Convention Coordinator for the Revolutionary People's Con- stitution Convention to be held in the District of Columbia in No- vember 1970, | am also 4 mem- ber of the Black Panther Party which originally called for this Convention, On June 19, 1970, the Black Panther Party held a press con- ference and rally at the Lincoln Memorial to call for a People’s Constitution Convention. The Black Panther Party obtained a permit from the National Park Service for this rally and a couple of thou- sand people attended this rally. At this rally we announced that there would be a plenary session in Philadelphia to be followed by a convention at a subsequent time and place not then decided upon. We then held a planning session at Howard University in August 1970 to prepare for the plenary session to be held in Philadel- phia. Approximately fifry organi- zations were represented at this planning session. At this planning Session an agenda committee was established. This committee Planned the subsequent plenary session and Is currently planning the agenda for the People’s Con- vention. ‘The planning session was peaceful. The Dean of the Howard Law School has written us a letter of recommendation based in large part upon the manner in which we conducted our planning session at Howard University. A copy of this letter is attached to this affidavit, The plenary session for the Peo- ple’s Constitution Convention was held in Philadelphia at Temple Uni- versity on Labor Day weekend, September 4--September 7, 1970, Numerous organizations encour- aged people to attend this conven- tion. As a result approximately 20,000 people came to Philadel- phia for this session. In prepara- tion for this plenary session, the following committees were formed: housing, food, transpor- tation, day care centers, and med- ical stations, These committees operated effectively to house and feed and transport and provide medical care for the numerous people who were able to use the Labor Day weekend to come to Philadelphia, The plenary session in Phila- delphia began Friday morning with registration at numerous local Audrea Jones AFFIDAVIT churches, Beginning Sarurday morning the session itself got un- derway at McGonigall Hall at Tem - ple University. Temple Universi- ty gave us permission to use this Hall, The Hall itself was used all day Saturday and all day Sunday, until the session ended on Sunday evening. The work at the plenary session was conducted in work shops which covered numerous problem areas, such as children's rights, women's rights, welfare rights, rights of GI's, drugs, community programs, social programs, international- ism, and police harassment. At this session their need to update the document which is the present Constitution was discussed. For example, it was clear that the Con- stitution would have to be changed if the present Constitution permits no-knock laws and preventive de- tention. Numerous position papers were drafted in the various work shops on the various areas dis- cussed, These position papers pointed out the stuff that should be put in the new Constitution, There were three main speakers at the convention, and I was one of them. A copy of my address to the convention is attached to this affidavit. At the plenary session we also voted on whether to hold the con- vention in Chicago or Washington. In open session, the numerous People at the session, at least one-third of who were White, voted to hold the convention in Washing- ton, D.C,, in November. The site for the convention was to be se- lected by the convention coordina- tor. Soon after the end of the plenary session we began to look for an appropriate site for the convention in the District of Columbia, We expect to have approximately 7,500 to 8,500 people at the convention. There probably will not be as many people as were at the plenary ses- Sion, since that session was at the end of the summer on a long holiday weekend when people could more easily get away to come to Philadelphia. However, we do ex- pect at least a minimum of 7,500 to 8,500 and we wanted to be cer- tain that the site we obtained would be able to hold thar many people plus any additional people who might come to the convention, A member of the Party was functioning as the convention co- ordinator in the early weeks of September. After a thorough search of the Washington, D.C, area, he decided upon the D.C, Armory and went to the Armory and obtained an application form, After completing the form he per- sonally took the completed appli- cation to the D.C, Armory to Mr. Hayes. Mr. Hayes refused to ac- cept the completed application. He then had Mr. S, David Levy, attorney for the Black Panther Party in the District of Colum- bia, mail the form by registered mail to Mr. Hayes on September 18, 1970, The completed applica- tion mailed to Mr. Hayes re- quested rental of the D.C, Ar- mory for November 6, 7 and §, or November 13, 14 and 15. A copy of Mr. Levy's letter to Mr. Hayes on September 18, 1970, is attached to this affidavit. On September 24, 1970, Mr. Hayes wrote to Mr, Levy that the Armory was going to be used on Friday night, November 6, for Kappa Alpha Psi's Harvest Ball, and for November 13, 14 and 15, as part of the Ski Show. On Sep- tember 25 I went to the Armory with two other members of the Black Panther Party, Big Man and jim Williams. We talked with a secretary who showed us a copy of the letter which Mr. Hayes had sent to Mr. Levy. We asked to talk with Mr, Hayes and after the secretary went to see Mr. Hayes she came back and said we should talk with Mr. Bergman, When she returned to tell us to see Mr. Bergman she noticed that we had been looking at the file which contained our application, In that file there was a notice that someone from the Police Department had been no- tified thar we had made our ap- plication. This secretary men- toned to us that the references on the application were good. ‘she Specifically said we had beauti- ful credit references and said thar Joe Miller, one of our references, had said we had paid our bills on time. Big Man, Jim Williams and I were then taken in to see Mr, Bergman. Mr. Bergman asked us to write down our names and ti- tles. I told Mr. Bergman that we now understood from Mr. Hayes’ letter that the Armory was going to be used on the 6th. I said that was ok with us since we ac- taully wanted the Armory on the 7th and 8th only, I said this be- causel knew that in Philadelphia we didn’t use the Hall at Temple. FREE PRISON BUSSING In an effort to continue serving the needs of the oppressed people of Babylon, the Black Panther Party's Free Bus to Prison Pro- gram was begun a few months ago. On Sunday, October 18th the Ll- linois Chapter sent a bus,to Joliet and Statesville Prisons. A total of 25 adults and 1 children made the trip, The bus picked up passengers at both Chicago's West ‘Side 2350 W. Madison) and South ‘Side 253 E. 35thSt.)offices. Before the bus left, the people had coffee ie oe ones at the office. Upon _ arrival atthe prison (around noon), everyone went inside the office of the prison, where the people signed | their visitations. When we io take some pictures of the © registering in the office a take all the pictures that we wanted but not inside, only outside, While the Panthers and the children on the bus were waiting outside for visitation to end,they talked about the Black Panther Party’s 10-point Platform and Program. Also, while they were waiting a prison bus that had brought some yisitors back from the honor farm drove up, The people on that bus were Invited to make the return wip with the people who had attended the Free Bus Program. If the people were to use the usual public transpor- tation, they would have to wait for an hour in a shack that holds ap~ proximately 12 people and does not have any heat, drinking water or Ud shag. .we ,coujd pFodlgs £ fapUrtes and phen pay, $7.00 oib voi) eé 32u) bovom wgiq snk to get on the bus, These are some of the conditions that have created the Free Bus Program, As the Black Panther Party's Minister of Defense, Huey P. New- ton pointed out we consider our people in jail as political prisoners and move to berate them, Until the conditions in Babylon are such that the prisons and other incar- cerating institutions are levelled, we will have to let our people within these walls know that we are concerned, and that the prison system will have no victory over them. Please send donations to; Free Bussing Program 2350 West Madison Avenue Chicago, Ilinois 60612 ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE “0 310 Ir THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 7 University on Friday night. We registered in churches that night and used the Hall only on Satur- day and Sunday. We could do the same in Washington, We couldhave our registrations art various chur- ches on Friday and use the Ar- mory on the 7th and 8th, Satur- day and Sunday. Mr, Bergman then told us thar the Armory Board was in the pro- cess of deciding that the Armory should only be used for circuses and rodeos and not for rock groups and organizations like ours. | said that that would not be applicable to us because ourepplication was already on file, He then said that the Board had already decided to make this change and that a letter was in the process of being drawn up by the Corporation Counsel's office. I said that limiting the Ar- mory to circuses and rodeos is the same as saying that Black people can’t use the Armory. I said Black people make up the great percentage of the people in the District and pay taxes, Mr. Bergman continued to shake his head, no, and that was the end of our meeting. We then went to the law firm of Arnold & Porter and had a revised application prepared, That revised appliation was filed with Mr, Bergman’s secretary on Oc- tober 5, 1970, A copy of that revised application and the letter and enclosures that accompanied ir is attached to this affidavit. We are continuing to go ahead with our work in preparation for the convention to be held in the District of Columbia in Novem- ber. The theme for the conven- tion will be Survival Through Ser- vice To The People. We again will have work shops on various topics such as children's rights, women's rights, internationalism, GI rights, welfare rights, drugs, community programs, social pro- grams, Free Breakfast Programs, Health Clinics, etc. Numerous or- ganizations already are encoura- ging people to come to D.C, for the convention in November. These groups include Women’s Libera- tion, The National Welfare Rights Organization, The American Friends Service Committee, The New Mobilization Committee, and innumerable local groups in Wash- ington, D.C, and cities throughout the country. There are already over ninety convention centers in the District of Columbia alone providing infor- » oh Spay Sears ls SD gilwonrx oto, Bing mation on the convention, There are already over a thousand such centers on the east coast provid- ing information with respect tothe convention. Coples of some of the literature being distributed at these centers are attached as exhibits to this affidavit. We have already named the members of the various com- mittees for housing, food, trans- portation, day care centers, med- ical stations, information, commu- nications, and legal defense, We are preparing the document which will be the new Constitution. Co- pies of this document will be available to everyone at the con- vention, The people will be able to discuss this document in the various work shops. There will be an opportunity for amendments and changes to the document and then it will be voted on at the open convention, We do not expect any violence at this convention, There has never been any violence at any of the rallies or conventions held by the Black Panther Party. I have al- ready mentioned the press con- frence and rally at the Lincoln Memorial on June 19, 1970, and the planning session at Howard University in August 1970 and the plenary session in Philadelphia in September 1970, There was no violence at any of these gather- ings. We have had other gather- ings. We held a birthday rally for Huey Newton at the Oakland Auditorium in February 1967 after obtaining a permit from the Oak- land Police Department, There were over 6,000 people at that rally and there was no violence. There was a rally held by the Pan- ther Defense Committee for May Ist in connection with the trials in NewHaven, Connecticut, in 1970, The permit for that rally was ob- tained by the Panther Defense Committee for May Ist for use of the New Haven Green, Over 30,000 people made it to that rally and there was no violence. There are numerous examples to indicate that the Black Panther Party can hold a rally or convention of thou- sands of people, 20,000 In Phila- delphia, and 30,000 in New Haven, without violence, We need to know a8 soon as possible the dates when we can use the Armory So we can pro- Perly prepare housing, transpor- tation, food and medical services, and all the other committee work which must be done to hold an orderly convention in the District, of Columbia in November 1970, B Elm) Sites OWeS GiDSn owes * ee THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 8 BOBBY’S APPEAL PART XIV The court’s day-to-day rulings also suggest a most unfortunate prejudice in favor of the prosecu- tion, The court forbade the staff of the defense attorneys to sit at the defense table, but permitted prosecution staff to sit at the pro- secution table (231). The court constantly solicited the views of the prosecution on defense mo- tions and objections (232), but oa only a few occasions Solicited the views of the defense with regard to prosecution motions and objec- tions (233), When the prosecution criticized a defense question with- out formally objecting to it, the court either solicited a formal objection or construed the criti- cism as an objection (234); when the defense counsel offered such cri- ticism, the court refused to do anything on the ground that no objection had been made, (235) Although the court was constantly admonaishing the defense counsel, on its own motion or at the sug- gestion of the prosecution (236), It persistently refused defense re- quests for similar admonitions against prosecution misconduct (237). Although it issued frequent orders to marshals, at times at the instance of the prosecution (238), the court disclaimed any power over them whenever the de- fense complained about their ac- tions (239), On many occasions the court refused to let the defense argue a motion or objection at all, or cut that argument off before it was completed (240), and often the defense’s requests for explana~ tions of the court’s rulings went unanswered (241), A reading of the record further reveals that on nu- merous occasions the trial court acted as an additional prosecuting attorney, frequently arguing mo- tions for, or defending, the prose- cution rather than merely ruling on the arguments of both sides. (231) TR® 103-110, 141-2. (232) TR* 6, 34, 61, 66, 75, 100, 129, 239; TR 92-93, 193, 198, 219, 274, 389, 450, 469, 491, 49%6- 98, SO4, 674, 686, 907, 1081-83, 1132, 1141, 1287, 1479, 1562, 2022, 2036, 2140, 2308, 3019, 3132, 3530, 3604, 3768, 4008, 4355, 4741, 49%, 5030, 5090. 233) TR 1483, 2054, 2590-1. 34) TR 453, 542, 5%, 603-4, 632, 656, 867, 879, 1001, 1334, 632, 656, 867, 879, 1001, 1223, 1715, 2320, 2473, 2714, 3256, 3471, 4376, 5228. (235) See, e.g., TR 2481. (236) See, e.g., TR °107, 254; TR 279-80, 1081-83, 1487-91, 4723. (237) TR 656, 912-17, 921, 1039, 1011, 2431-35, 3221-22, 3505, 4822, 5344, 5401-2. 238) See e.g., TR 31, 109, 1409- ow iow + — 11, 2092, 2694, 4507, (239) TR 52-55, 129-30, 917, 1244, 1655, 1682-89, 1801-06, 1891-93, 2694, 4158-61, 4520-1. (240) See e.g. TR* 1785; TR 2197- 99, 3867, 4857-2. 9241) TR 638, 729, 922, 1029, 1646- 47, 1947, 4455-6. The atmosphere of unbridled hostility towards appellant (Bob- by) and the other defendants en- gendered by the misconduct of the trial judge and the prosecuting at- torneys was compounded by the ac- tions of the United States Mar- shals responsible for maintaining order in the courtroom, They were frequently present in such num- bers as to give the court the ap- pearance of an armed camp (242). Black spectators, newspaper re- porters, and relatives of the de- fendants were often excluded or removed from the courtroom (243). These actions necessarily created an atmosphere in which neither the jury nor the defense could be expected to function in a normal fashion, (244) (242) TR 4632, 4739. (243) TR 912, 1244, et seq., 1682, 1801-06, 2694-2704, 2936-39, 4328-29, (244) The marshals also phys- ically mistreated appellant after he was bound and gagged, see e.g., TR 4815 (The full extent of their actions is not, of course, apparent on the face of the re- cord.) See also TR 1891-93 (spec- tators told not to “‘utrer a sound"’); 43% (defense staff member barred from court); 4520-21 (same); 4620 ff (defense staff searched andthelr papers examined by marshals); 4643-44 (defense staff member e- jected from court). (END OF FOOTNOTES). The official misconduct de- scribed above undoubtedly contri- buted greatly to appellant's ob- vious sense of unfairness and out- rage at the course of the trial. A clear causal connection is evi- dent between a number on instan- ces of misconduct by the prose- cuting attorney or court and sub- sequent actions by appellant (245). At. times that misconduct even seems calculated to Increase ap- pellant’s ultimate penalty by pro- voking additional statements by him (246), At best, ‘'it is almost as impossible to determine the definite cause and comparative re- sponsibility for each impropriety as it is to unscrambleeggs."’ (247) Moreover, even if appellant was wrong in believing he ‘had been denied his right to counsel and In protesting the denial inthe manner he chose, he was In any event sincerely attempting in his own fa~ shion to find vindication of an im- portant constitutional right.. No ‘ss me such lofty purpose can be attri- buted to the actions of the judge and prosecution, (245) Compare Offutt v. United States, F.2d 842, 208 843-4 (D.C. Cir,, 1953); Tauber y. Gordan, 350 F.2d 843, 845 n.2 Grd Cir., 1965). (246) Compare Yates v. United States, 355 U.S, 66, 68 (1957), Punishment of conduct deliberarely provoked by the government would be as inconsistent with due pro- cess as punishment of conduct de- liberately encouraged by the gov- ernment. Compare Sorrells v, Uni- ted States, 287 U,S, 435 (1932), (247) United States v, Offutt, 145 F. Supp. 111, 115 @. D.C., 1956), END OF FOOTNOTES The purpose of *401 finds little room for expression in the instant case, Courtroom decorum, and an atmosphere in which guilt or in- nocence might have been soberly and fairly tested, were so shat- tered by the prosecutor and the judge as to leave appellant little opportunity to work further harm, The proceeding during which ap- pellant’s actions occurred had no more than the form of a trial; the substance of that proceeding was little more than a joint ef- fort by the prosecutor and the court to harangue, intimidate, and provoke appellant, his co-defend- ants and defense counsel, It was more suggestive of an undis- ciplined debating society than of the hush and solemnity of a court of justice."* (248) (248) Frankfurter, J., dissent- ing in Sacher vy. United States, 343 U.S, 1, 38 (1952). (END OF FOOTNOTE) Punishment of all the offending parties might be appropriate but that of course is not possible. Neither the judge, the prosecut- ing attorneys nor the marshals are before this court or are likely to be brought here, The prosecut- ing attorneys and the marshals, while subject to the strictures of *401, were not cited for contempt by the trial judge and are hardly likely to be (249), The trial judge is not subject to punishment for contempt. Where, as here, all the offending parties cannot be subject to punishment, and particularly since those who escape are all public officials, the principle of equal protection and elementary notions of fairness demand thar appellant not alone be punished, Such a result accords with the general policy of the law of deny- ing assistance to one of two par- ties who stand in pari delictu (250). (249) The trial court's indulgence of their behavior at the time would undoubtedly foreclose subsequent prosecution. See Cox v, Louisiana, 379 U.S, 559, 568-73 (1965), (250) Thus equity will not employ its special powers to aid a party with unclean hands. Where an ac- cident results from the simultane- ous negligence of two parties, nel- ther is allowed to recover in tort from the other, (END OF FOOTNOTES) The nature of the charges for which appellant was being tried is also relevant, The responsibility for civil disturbances which oc- curred at the time of the Demo- cratic National Convention has been variously attributed to de- fendants in the proceeding below, the Mayor of Chicago, the Chi- cago police, andto leaders of the Democratic Party, The ultimate responsibility for these distur- bances is naturally a matter of public soncern, but acriminal pro- secu ' 1 is the worst possible fo- rum tor resolving such a question. The prosecution of the anti-war demonstrators by the present ad- ministration elected In November of 1968 is as much to be re- gretted as would be the prose- cution of the Mayor of Chicago or the retiring President of the United States by a newly elected anti-war administration, What is art issue is a fundamentally po- litical question which ought be re- solved by the political, notthecri- minal, process. Whether or not these considerations should con- stitute a complete defense to 4 charge of contempt they plainly militated in favor of Judicial re- straint, There is grave danger that the well publicized trial which gave rise to the instant appeal will lead to other disruptive incidents in federal and state courtrooms. It is not, however, the conduct of Bobby Seale that menaces “the functioning of the Federal Judi- cial System.” Rather, the menace to that system, and a grave and widespread crisis of confidence in its ability to function, flow from imposition of a sayage 4-year fed- eral penitentiary sentence upon a militant spokesman for Black equality because he vigorously as- serted in the courtroom his funda- mental constitutional right to the lawyer of his choice, or, alterna- tively, to defend himself, The dan- ger is that appellant's treatment in the court below will seriously undermine public confidence that a fair and impartial trial is to be had by those who quietly abide by the orderly procedures of the courts, Decorum in federal and State courtrooms must ultimately rest not on fear, but on abiding belief by allthosepresent that jus- tice is being dispensed, If justice dictates that a defendant guilty of contempt go unpunished because of official misconduct, that conclu- sion is perfectly consistent with the practices of American law. See, e.g., Mapp v. Ohio, 367 U.S, 643 (1961), As Justice Holmes wrote in his famous dissent In Olmstead v. United States, ‘We have to choose, and for my part I think it a lesser evil thar some criminals should escape than that the government should play an ig- noble part." 277 US, 438, 470 (1928), Such a result is required if judges and prosecutors are to be deterred from the sort of mis- conduct which occurred in the In- stant case, Appellant’s repeated objections to racism in the court below ech- oes the conclusions of serious and informed studies of this nation's treatment of its Black citizens, Appellant, as the only Black among the defendants, accurately saw himself as the inheritor of badges of slavery: (251) he was the only defendant deprived of counsel, the only defendant then deprived of the right to present any defense at all, and ultimately the only defend- ant to be bound, shackled and gagged in the courtroom because of his insistent demand that he be afforded fundamental constitu- tional liberties. (251) Compare Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co., 392 U.S, 409 (1968), in which the Supreme Court held that the Thirteenth Amendment's design to abolish ‘‘all badges and incidents of slavery in the United Stats” was not ‘‘a mere paper guarantee’’, but undertook to se- cure to Black Americans liberties avallable to Whites. (END OF FOOTNOTE) Before and after appellant was subjected to these indignities, pre- sidential commissions and the press repeatedly recognized the pervasive denial of equality to Black Americans. As TIME maga- zine sald in a special issue on April 6, 1970; More than a century after the Ci- vil War and 16 years after the Supreme Court's school desegre- gation ruling, the American Black has not achieved justice or equal- ity. (p. 13) Two years earlier, on March 1, 198, the Kerner Commission told the President and the nation that; “White racism is essentially re- sponsible for the explosive mix~ + ‘eget ture which has been accumul in our cities since the ¢ World War 11," @52) (252) Report of the National Ad. visory Commission on Sak orders, p. 203 (Hon, Otto ne Chairman) (1968), f. The same issue of TIME, si- pra, at p, 28, reported the re= sults of a nationwide poll of a cross-section of Blacks and con- cluded in an article entitled “The Black Mood”’ that:Sixty-three per-~ cent of all Blacks now believe “the system is rotten and has to be changed completely for Blacks — to be free’; ‘‘9% of all Blacks... more than 2,000,000 Americans—_ count themselves ‘revolutionaries’ and believe that only ‘a readiness — to use violence will ever get us equality.’ "' "‘This disillusion- ment,’’ TIME reported,"’...has al= most totally alienated Blacks ‘ government—both federal and lo- cal....A 62% - to - 21% majority — felt that the Supreme Court ap- plied the law equally, but a SS%- to-23%, majority felt that state and local courts are biased.” (END OF FOOTNOTE) The considerations which we contend require reversal and a dismissal of the contempt cita- tion also demonstrate, of course, — that appellant’s sentence was — grossly excessive (253), (253) Traditional grounds for re-— consideration of sentence and mi~ tigation include: the invalidity of the orders yviolated--here the or~ — ders compelling appellanttoaccept representation by Kunstler and to remain silent (onovan vy, Dallas, 377 U,S, 408, 411-12 (1964); Dunn v, United States, 388 F.2d S11, 513 (10th Cir, 1968)y an im- passioned trial atmosphere (Uni- ted States vy. Maragas, 390 F.2d 88 (6th Cir. 1968)); provocation by the court (Offutt v, United States, 208 F.2d 842 @.C. Cir. 1953), 348 U.S, 11 (1954)) or by opposing counsel (Olimplus v. But- ler, 248 F.2d 169, 171 (4th Cir. 1957)), Many of the cited incidents were immediately preceded by and arose out of such provoca- tion, and all the incidents resulted indirectly from the court's re- peated provocatory assertion that Kunstler really was appellant’s lawyer. (END OF FOOTNOTE) also 4 part ‘has been left out. IX THE MATTER OF ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE On Monday, June 22, three days before his brief was due in this Court, appellant recelyed notice that the United States had filed a motion to remand the case to the district court, apparently for the limited purpose of supplement- ing the record to Include elec- tronic surveillance materialrele- vant to the contempt conviction on appeal in the instant case. Ap- pellant has asked for time to re- spond, and plans to file his an- swer in this Court by Monday, July 6, While appellant has had no time to study the government's present motion, (260) andwhilethegovern- ment has never revealed to appel- lant anything about the nature of the electronic surveillance ma- terial in its possession, or the manner in which it was obtained, it is nonetheless apparent that sur- veillance activity by the govern- ment may require reversal of ap- pellant’s contempt convictionquite apart from the Arguments set out — in I-VI, supra, Thus, if the gov- ernment has in its possession sur= veillance material which includes conversations between appellant and his counsel, or/relates in any way to the councils of the de! conviction must be vacated COUNTY JAIL THE MORNING OF OCTOBE INTERVIEWER: First of all Shel- lie, how are you doing? Are you Sick, are you being treated well? / SHEL LIE: I'm being treated just like the rest of the prisoners here, which is well as could be ex- pected in a jailhouse, There is something wrong as far as my health is concerned, but I haven't told them about it because | don’t want any pig doctors examining me. I'm going to try and get a doctor of my own up here to see me, INTERVIEWER: Are you isolated from the other prisoners, or given any special treatment at all? SHELLIE: I'm in lock-up with the other girls who are In lock-up, that is isolated from the girls who are in the dorm. I was told yesterday by Lt. Banning, that | would remain in lock-up for as long as i'm here, while other girls remain in lock-up only for a few weeks and then they get to go out in the dorm and associate, with the rest of the prisoners, but | won't be able to do thar. INTERVIEWER: Why is thar? SHELL IE: She called me into her office yesterday and told me that She didn’t want any revolution- ary 4ctivity in her jail, and thar as long as I'm here she’s going to have to keep me in lock-up to help prevent that. INTERVIEWER: What was your an- swer when she said that? SHELLIE: 1 just looked at: her, 1 didn’t° say anything: She asked me if I had any comment and | told her no I didn’t have any com- ment about ir. INTERVIEWER: How long are you going to be in here? SHELLIE: I'll be in here as long as necessary. | also told her that yesterday. She told me anytime 1 felt like 1 wanted to testify I should notify her and she would notify the U.S, Marshal, lanswered her thar I had no intentions of doing that and whether she Liked it or not I would be with ber un- til my rights were respected be- cause I wasn't going to testify at any cost. It is my constitutional rights that are being violated. INTERVIEWER: Do you need any- thing at all here? SHELLIE: Just some literature that’s worth reading, other than what they have here, other than that no. INTERVIEWER: I don’t know if you knew this before or ‘not, THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 9 INTERVIEW WITH SHELLIE BURSEY MADE AT SANTA RITA _ a Shellie Bursey (political prisoner) and Brenda Presley but today there’s going to be a support demonstration on your be- half and the Party, Many Women's Liberation groups in the Bay Area, including groups from San Fran- cisco, Palo Alto, San Jose, Red- wood City and Berkeley, How do you feel about that? SHELLIE: I feel thar that’s right on and I want to thank the sisters for coming all the way out to Santa Rita’ and supporting me and the Party. I hope that it irks these pigs here and I hope they hate ir. I want to tell the sisters, ‘'All Power to the People’’ and Thank You very much. INTERVIEWER: How are the other women prisoners responding to you as a member of the Black Panther Party? Do they know that you are a Panther, and how do they re- Spond to you? SHELLIE; Most of them here know by now. Those who read the news- papers or those who are In lock- up, respond pretty well, be- cause most of the sisters in here really are lumpen sisters and they’re beautiful. They respond as if I'm not that much different from them, and there's a lot of respect due to the fact that [| am a member of the Black Panther Party. They relate very well and ask me questions about things they want to know, INTERVIEWER: Do you receive any special treatment or discri- mination because you are awoman, or do the women here in general receive discriminatory treatment? continued from last page remanded for a new trial, Black ¥. United States, 385 U.S, 26 (1966). (261) Disclosure of such material may indicate thar the contempt charges cannot fairly be tried at all. Hoffa y. United States, 385 US, 293, 308 (1966), Alternatively, appellant may at least be entitled tO reversal for a hearing as to whether surveillance material in the government's possession was iMegally obtained and has tainted Sppellant's contempt conviction, Alderman y, United States, 394 US, 165 (1969). Bur it is useless for sppellant to speculate what ction might be appropriate, until the government provides sore in- formation regarding the surveil- Material in its possession, “bp SHELLIE: Visiting is different in the woman’s quarter, it’s more restricted than the men's, We have to talk through all kinds of screens and have to scream and holler for 4 person to hear what you want to say, There are other small differences, the men have more privileges, such as be- ing able to work out in the gar- den, There are different types of work and activities that they’re able to do everyday to keep their minds occupied, the women don't have too much to do, The girls tn the dorm can go outside and walk around, but other than thar there is reading, and knitting and watching T.V., that’s about it. INTERVIEWER: I'm sure you know Huey’s been emphasizing women's liberation more and more as part of the Black Panther Party pro- gram and | wondered what your thoughts are and whar part you see women's liberation playing in the movement today? SHELLIE: I think it’s wonderful that women's liberation move- ments are taking a revolutionary Stand. We always welcome people who participate actively in the Struggle. I also think it’s good that Women's Liberation see the necessity of uniting with all rev- olutionaries be it men or what- ever, Before, segments of the wo- men’s liberation would isolate themselves from revolutionary men and were inclined to lean to- wards separatism. A higher level has now been reached and they are beginning to identify the real (260) On April 22, 1970 the gov- ernment sought leave to file for in camer inspection in the court below *‘a sealed memorandum and attachments relating to electronic surveillance,..in connection with the Seale contempt conviction.”” Gee Hearing on Motion to Leave to File, United States y. Bobby Seale, 69 CR 180, April 22, 1970) Appellant opposed the govern- ment’s motion on the grounds that: (1) the district court had no juris- diction since the case was pend- ing on appeal in this Court; and (2) in camera inspection and filing were In any event not warranted in the circumstances of this case. On May 11, the court below de- nied the government's motion ‘‘for want of jurisdiction,’ (261) See also O'Brien v. United States, 386 U.S, 345 (1967), (262) Ia the court below, supra, , 260, the government revealed enemy. 1 think that's very beauti- ful and 1 again want to thank them for being here today. INTERVIEWERS: How do the wo- men officers treat you here Shel- lie? Or treat people here in gen- eral, SHELLIE: As far as the way they treat me, it seems as though it is better than some of the other prisoners. They come into the lock-up where I am and say "‘Oh you’re Shellie Bursey.”’ And when I ask for things like towels, gowns, or other basic necessities, they let me have these things quicker than they do for the other girls. I guess they're scared thar I'll Start something and Lr. Banning has already said that on the whole, you’re treated pretty foul in here, you're not treated like hu- man beings, You don’t get any exercise at all, you are in lock-up 24 hours a day, everyday except for going out for breakfast and sometimes lunch, And none of the girls here receive the proper med- {cal attention that they should re- ceive. A lot of girls are also left sitting in here after they are able to be bailed out, because they are not able to get in contact with people who could help them and you are generally ignored when- ever possible by the deputies. They try to pay you as little attention as possible and not until you write them a little note, asking them 10times and then screaming and hol- ler at them, will you get whar you're asking for, which may only be a broom, no more than the bare facts that it hud electronic surveillance ma- terial in its possession relevant to the contempt conviction which it wished for undisclosed reasons to file in camera, On June 9 and 10, respectively, appellant’s ar- torney Charles R. Garry sent iden- tical letrers to the Hon, James Thompson, Acting United States Attorney for the Northern District of Illinols, and the Hon, John Mit- chell, Attorney General of the Uni- ted States, requesting copies of the material sought to be filed tn the court below, as well as other surveillance material relating to Seale’s contempt conviction andthe appeal from that conviction. Nore- ply has yet been received, CONCLUSION For the reasons outlined above, this Court should reverse appel- lant’s convictions and direct that * 8, 1970 INTERVIEWER: Are you locked up all by yourself or Is there some- one in the cell with you? SHELLIE: No there are four other girls right now, they come and go, there is space for 16 if it’s full, but it’s never full, in the same lock-up where I am. INTERVIEWER; Do you have any~ more to say about your physical condition, Shellie? SHELLIE: There is something wrong with me physically (inter- nally) I don’t know whar and as I said before, I'm not going to let any pig doctor examine mé. So I haven't told them here at the jail, that there is anything wrong, if they had cared or if they had any concern for the prisoners here they would have noticed that I haven't eaten hardly anything since I've been here, because I’ve béen sick, I've had pains everytime | eat and whatever it is that’s wrong I'd like to get it straightened out, and I'm going to ask to have my own doctor come out here and ex- amine me so that I can be well again, INTERVIEWER: Was it diagnosed before you came in? SHELLIE; Well, I was in the pro- cess of seeing some doctors, As a matter of fact the day before I was put in custody bymarshals in San Francisco, 1 had been to a specialist but was never able too find our what the result of my test was, because | was sitting in jail. INTRVIEWER;: I know you're iso- lated in here Shellie, but while youre here how are you feeling about the Black Panther Party, and everything that is going on outside to the extent that you know about it? SHELLIE; It’s true that I’m pretty isolated about what's going on be- cause I don’t know anything about anything, When I subscribed to a newspaper they gave me the Tri- bune, which isn't very much news, so I don’t know what's going on outside. | know whatever the Black Panther Party {s doing right now, I know that its beautiful and that we're doing the right thing in the interest of the people. I want to say again to the women’s libera- tion demonstration today, that I hope we give them hell out there and scream as loud as you canfor all the sisters here, not just me, because they are all prisoners of war, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE POPP POO OOOO Sooo BOBBY'S APPEAL | the Contempt Citation be dis- missed, Respectfully submitted, JACK GREENBERG MICHAEL MELTSNER CONRAD K, HARPER ELIZABETH B. DUBOIS ERIC SCHNAPPER 10 Columbus Circle New York, New York CHARLES R, GARRY BENJAMIN DREYFUS FRANCIS J, MeTERNAN S01 Freemont Bldg. 341 Market Street San Francisco, . Calif, ANTHONY ‘AMSTERDAM Stanford Law School Stanford, California. 94365 MARSHALL PATNER 109 North Dearborn Street Chicago, Llinols 60602 10019 94105 Attorneys for Appellant THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 10 OPEN LETTER FROM THE TOLEDO 2 | On September 18, 1970, at 1:25 a,m., Toledo, Ohio patrol pig William Miscannon was shot and killed. A few minutes later the Toledo N,.C.C.F. office was attacked, As a result of this pig attack, Mike Cross and John McClellan are now Incarcerated and facing violation of Long Gun Law and Possession of Ex- plosives, and Ist degree murder charges respectively. Dear revolutionary mothers, For this you most certainly are, be- cause we are your revolutionary sons. Only because of your indi- vidual personal sacrifices and Struggles to raise us in this racist, fascist country are we able to con- tinue the struggle for freedom from oppression and exploitation for all people, You know why we didn't say freedom from oppression and ex- Ploitation for Black people only, It is because you taught us from the time we were Little boys until the present day of our manhood, that it doesn’t matter what race, color, or religion a person is, he is a htiman being and must always be treated as such, This lesson abour life, well taught by you, led us to participate In sharing this beautiful truth with all people we came in contact with, Many times you probably wondered where this motivation to respect and help others came from, But if you look through the veil of hardship and worry for us now, you will find CHARLES POW We have learned through study- ing and analyzing the writings and teachings of our Minister of De- fense, Huey P, Newton, that the fallacy of the {deology of the of- ficials and those governing the functions of the corrupt prisons and penitentiaries occurs when they become confident in believ- ing that once the individual is contained the entire situation is “‘under-control’’. However, we know this type of thinking to be incorrect and non-functional inthe case of incarcerated political pri- soners or prisoners of war, The aspirations and thinking thar guide the actions of our political prisoners are no longer under State control nor have they been for quite some time. Brothers and sisters of the New Haven 9, N.Y. 21, New Orleans 14, brothers like Chip, sisters like Ericka and Angela and the many other political prisoners now fac- ing or serving illegal sentences have not confined their revolu- tionary goals to themslves. They have not been that selfish. Their goals are those of the millions of oppressed and exploited people in this country. They share in the hate for the oppressor in this country along with scores of other people throughout the world. ft is a perpetual cycle, the course of the revolution, The more atrocious and barbarous the oppressor becomes the more he proves the legitimacy of our struggle. Where is the oppres- sor's victory? There is none, Yet the depraved and foul uniformed maddogs of society continue to illegally assault, harass, arrest and kill those of us who are una- fraid to demand our humanrights. And yet the men among men, the women among women continue to stand and fight, because it is th correct thing to .do. Submit or fight. passel of flower A Mike Cross the source deep within your own hearts, As your sons we are the physical and mental continuation of your ideals and wisdom. And it Is for Standing up as men for what you taught us is = right and just that we find ourselves political prisoners facing death or long term sentences in prison, In searching for people or an organization that was trying tohelp not only oppressed Blacks, but all oppressed people, we found many of them revolutionary in speech and not practice, That was until we heard about the Black Panther Party and began relating to its ideology and social practices. We found the Party’s 10-point OUR MOTHERS Platform and Program to be 10 parts of your basic teachings tous about the rights and needs of all people, Also in the principle of self-defense practiced by the Party we found the same wisdom that you taught us, That is, to always protect ourselves andthose we love from any danger. Our desire to implement these principles on 4 group level was the reason we found it necessary to help organize the Toledo N.C.C.F, We took your basic teachings and principles about respecting and helping other people to-a higher level, We worked to implement the 10-point Platform and Program - and the principles of self-defense taught by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale, founders of the Black Pan- ther Party. Just as they were falsely ac- cused and railroaded to prison by the racist power structure of the country, we have been falsely ac- cused and railroaded to prison by the racist power structure of Toledo, Ohio. We know that of all people, you know and understand us best. This is why we are writing to you. Because just as we are 4 contin- uation of you, you are our source and can convey our thoughts and feelings to others, just as we have conveyed yours, We understand that the burden of our predicament is making life very difficult for you, because of the love you have for us, To ask “CHUCKY” SCOTT OF U.S. FASCISM Charles ‘Chucky’ Scott Charles *'Chucky’’ Scott fought. Chucky fought with the fury of a Panther, his weapons being revolutionary hate for the oppres- sor and revolutionary love for the people, Everyone has a history, 4 background, some of which we try to hide because we feel ashamed of our past. However, this is not the case with Chucky. It is a proud history belonging to a dedicated servant of the peo- ple. A history that entails the very painful and miserable struggle of a drug addict, a dope pusher, 4 nigger that rose from the wre- tched streets of ‘nigger town’, but who was strong enough to by-pass the ‘stick-up alleys’ and the oblivious path of complete drug abuse to become one of the ardent fighters for the Uberation of his people. He was loved by the many people he came in contact with during his daily political work, even if the meeting lastedfor only a moment, His sincerity touched many people and his spirit moved others to join the common struggle. Of the millions of people Chucky dedicated his Ife to, includes his three beautiful daughters, »Maay Corona Branch *~ ep sian "S4 times he would state, as all loving parents do, that he fought for a society free of all the fiendish sins that exist in this present day so that his children could grow up free of the chains thar bind so many of our people today, Our hope is that his daughters know and understand how their young father fought so bravely and so unselfishly in their behalf, Chucky Scott is only one of the fourteen brothers and sisters who were attacked by the fascist gestapo forces of the U.S, and is now being held hostage under a $100,000 ransom in New Or- leans, The body, the person, Chucky Scott is incarcerated in the fas- cist jails. Yet the idea and the spirit in which he fought will never die. The goal that Chucky and so many like him made com- mon to the people is stillareality and just as it takes millions of stars to light the sky af night it willtake the many people Chucky served so unselfishly to carry on the idea he loved and implemented So well. There are no maximum security measures huge enough to contain the wrath of Black and oppressed people whose goals are geared towards the destruction of this system. of capitalism and geno- cide, The wave of revolutionary ideology now sweeping the country will soon be implemented on a massive scale, Chucky Scort, Bobby Seale, N.Y, Panther 21, Ericka, Angela Davis, Soledad 3; all revolution- aries must be set free. FREE CHUCKY! FREE ALL POLITICAL PRISON- ERS! BLACK PANTHER PARTY Rritte eM alnowy, John McClellan you not to worry would be futile. Instead we ask you to look beyond your hurt and sorrow, and be proud of us as we are proud of you, We will continue to resist the forces of racism in Toledo and throughout America that want to destroy us and others that belleve in and practice the principles of freedom and love for our fellow man, We love you mother, our grati- tude and respect for you can never be imprisoned, Your teachings along with those of the Party are being practiced inside this jail, just as we practiced them in the streets of our community, We are quite aware thar the danger of being a true servant of the people is just 4s real in here as it is on the outside. But your beautiful example of courage and determination practicing what you believe, along. with the social practices and Ideology of the Party, have given us the additional strength to meet the overt conditions of the situition — we are now in. ae We say further that we will resist by any means necessary| And absolutely refuse to re= linquish at any cost the right of all men to be free and to deter. mine their own destiny. We realize our stand againstop— pression and exploitation (fas- cism) in America will probably cost us our lives or our ability to physically be with you. If this is necessary, you must under- stand that we are willing to give them for your and all oppressed people’s freedom without a moment's hesitation, And so we close by saying that you and the Party are with us in our every thought and action. No amount of steel, concrete or technology can keep our love for each other and the people apart, Our love to you and all the people, Your revolutionary sons, Mike Cross John McClellan The Toledo 2 Political Prisoners Lucas County Jail DENMARK VESEY’S SLAVE CONSPIRACY OF 1822: A Study in by Robert S, Starobin Associate Professor of History State University of New York at Binghamton Denmark Vesey’s Slave Conspiracy of 1822 was published by Prentice-Hall, Inc,, Engle- New Jersey, 1970, The documentary is dedicated to Bobby Seale and in memory of Fred Hampton, and wood Cliffs, Rebellion and) Repression on September &, its royalties have been pledged to the Black Panther Party (see Black Panther, Feb, 28, 1970, p. 16). —————— es The continuing war in Viet Nam, the assassination of Black leaders in Chicago, and the re- pression of anti-war organizers-- all demand that scholars, intellec- tuals, and others renew and inten- slfy their commitments to those organizations attempting to over~ come the oppression of Blacks, Browns, women, and workers at home, while ending American ag- gression overseas Since authors are now witness- ing an increasing interest in and market for their research tn the area of race-relations, Black stu- dies, and radical history and so- clology, tt seems fitting that we should contribute as much as pos- sible of our earnings and royal- ties towards the support of Lib- eration and anti - imperialist movements. And should not others, such as publishers, who are pro- fitting from the publication of books in these flelds also pledge some of their earnings toward rad- ical organizing efforts? As a first step toward this end, nual royalties from my forth- coming study the Denmark Vesey SlaveConspiracy of 1822-~ to be published by Prentice-Hall this coming September--to the Black Panther Party and the Southern Conference Education® Fund, two organizations which®- have been fighting racism and ex-3 ploitation, and have met 0 dinary repression in recent years, I call on other committed in- tellectuals to do likewise. . Sincerely, Robert S. Starobin Assistant Professor of Histor, Univ, of Wisconsin, Madison present address; 207 Water St. Ithaca, New York 14850 Paperback copies can be obtained from: NATIONAL DISTRIBUTION BLACK PANTHER PARTY 1336 FILLMORE ' S.F,, CA, AT $1.95 A COPY te On Sept. 8, 1970, jury selec- tion for the trial of the N.Y, 21 began, (actual number of people now going on trial are 13), Since April 2, 1969 the Federal, State and Local governments have out done themselves in using any and everyrechnique for obtaining a con- viction against the N.Y, 21. Why is the government so in- terested in convicting the 13 on trial or any of theother Panthers in prison? Recently, there has been large coverage of the Senate Sub- Committee hearings in their at- tempt to have the Black Panther Party declared unconstitutional so they can enact the Smith Act. if this move is completed it would allow them to jail every insurgent in this country, thus leaving the American War machine safe and unscratched. It is important to remember that the Intelligence agencies in this country are not interested in stopping a few re- yolutionary individuals, its pri- mary concern is the complete ex- termination of the revolution it- self. The method is clear, notonly must they remove revolutionary activist, but they must deactivate whatever sympathy the broad mas- ses of the people had for the re- volution, The bust of the N,Y. Panther 21 served two purposes: 1) to re- move 2] revolutionaries that were active in the struggle from the picture; 2.) enabling the goven- ment to enact the Smith Act on the Black Panther Party and all of its sympathizers on the grounds that members of the Party were convicted of terrorist and subyer- sive acts. The Une of strategy waa to Stage a national masscon- Spiracy bust on ‘Panthers, But first it had to be tested... the idea of planting agents to frame people was not new, the new Bureau of Special Services had done that in the statue of Liberty case, when Afeni Shakur and Jamal (2 of the N.Y. 21) agent Ray Woods not only planned the action but brought and trans- ported dynamite in order to get enough evidence for an arrest, The Harlem five were also vic- tims of agents who made out landish plans to break into an armory, distrubute the captured weapons in Harlem and then launch a kill a cop &@ week campaign, The Harlem five although they took no part in these plans were arrested ag part of a conspiracy. It was all very clear Boss (Bureau of Special Services) agents by the name of Gene Roberts put up a front of Sincerity and joined the Harlem Branch of the Black Panther Par- ty. After months of spying he had THERE 1S WO TIME FOR THREATENING WORDS --WE MUST HAVE ACTION THAT COMMANDS The New York railroad has of- ficlally opened! District Attorney Joe Phillips gave his opening state- ment on Monday, when he compared the N.Y, 21 with Robin Hood, *‘Although Robin Hood and his merry men robbed from the rich to give to the poor, he was still a thief and a murderer."’ This is an example of the insidiously con- niving tactics used by the State against the 21. On Tuesday, the de- fense attorneys were scheduled for their opening“ statements; how- ever the infamous Murtaugh Inter- rupted every sentence to proclaim the ever present warning ‘I warn. you counselor, you are bordering on contempt of court,'’ Gerry Lef- court informed the jury of the de- vious methods the state uses to set up “‘conspiracies’’, Sandy Katz dealt with the dubfous character of people who join organizations for no other reason than to trap its members Into police dungeons. Michael (Cet) Tabor began to give the history of the Party and was belief ‘‘The Black Panther Party is not on trial here, these de- fendents are," At one point Afeni quoted Fi- when he told his accusers Moncado) ‘“'It is good that has a criteria other than the penal codes by which to judge is and what Is not just. 0 stressed in the opening state~ N.Y, 21 was the fact fense as protection against police violence and murder."’ It is quite evident that on trial at 100 Cen- ter Street is a lot more than thirteen defendants, On Thursday, the November 16, 1968 issue of the Black Panther, Black community newspaper wasintroducedas evi- dence againt us also introduced as evidence was Catechism of a Re- volutionist,”” There can be no acquittal in this trial because the stakes are too high to be won in a court- room, The state will never ad- mit that we have a right to self- defense, and to the right to re- move from power all those who abuse it. So that the trial of these thirteen Panthers is only a battle, a propaganda battle. The epitamy of its worth can only come when armed propaganda is used. On Monday, the District Attor- ney led six nigger informers into the courtroom Det. Eugene Roberts (murderer of Malcolm X), Ralph White, (Aka Yedwa Sudan, and Ralph Wyatt), Carlos Ashwood, (Aka Carl Woods), Lester Eggles- ton, Robert Fuller, and another pig who was not identified. These agents came in and took 4 bow while Phillips Introduced them to the jury, and walked out after the lunch recess, Thar should never happen again. There is no reason why that court should be safe for traitors and dangerous for the ser- vants of the people who they be- trayed, We must intesify the strug- gle in deeds not words , but strong actions. Afent wprangtgrercensynt distorted and made up enough misinformation to get together with his bosses and cook up a Me that was fantastic enough to have the Grand Jury return a secret indic- ment against the N.Y. 21, people who were or had at one time been members of the Black Panther Party. Their homes were broken into the wee hours of the morning and they were arested. They were charged with plotting to blow up department stores, botanical gar- dens, railrodi tracks, police stations, and kill police as part of an overall plot to harass and destroy the power structure. (Keep the part of the quotation from the indictiment 1 used "as part THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE I! AS PART OF AN OVERALL PLOT of an overall plot to harass and destroy the power structure in mind, It is significant to the governments’ national plan to des- troy the revolution.) From here the judicial system and the mass media created 4 panic by trying to make the people believe thar they barely escaped death at the hands of the Panthers. This helped to justify the courts setting the bail at $100,000.00 and scatrering the defendents in seven different prisons, The N.Y. 2] appealed the bails, the jails, conditions, and challenged the very validity of the indictment. All these motions were of course denied, Phase 1 completed, the government launched its national attack, In New Haven, Conn, 9 Panther were arrested including Chairman Bobby Seale and charged with mur- dering Panther Alex Rackely for being an informer against the N, Y, 21, The murder In reality engin- eered by the government to ar- restmore Panthers and to tie New Haven and New York together as part of an overall plan. The plan thickened,in L.A, 18 Panthers were arrested after a five hour shootout with police, In Chicago, Fred Hampton and Mark Clark were murdered, In Balti- more, Philadelphia, New Orleans, Texas, Panthers and community workers were arrested and charged with everything from jay- walking to murder. In every case high balls are set or no bail ar all, it Is all tied in to an overall plan to harass and destroy us by the power structure. InN.Y., the 21 had been through months and months of pretrial hearings to challenge whether or not the evi- dence the police allegedly took from their homes was admissable; then all the defense motions were denied. Everything the police claimed was evidence was ad- mitted. PRESS RELEASE : WOMEN’S LIBERATION Right now in San Francisco wo- men are building the strength to ‘Speak and act for what we believe in. Right now Angela Davis {s in pri- son for trying to live humanly and ethically in a society that crushes life, She is belng victimized and used as a scapegoat because she is a revolutionary black woman, She has been persecuted for her honesty and strength, for speaking her be- liefs in the university, for support- ing her people in their struggles in the community, In the courts, the military, the Jails and every- place where sisters and brothers are fighting their oppression, Right now too many women are being tyrannized by the power of thelr bosses, who force them to stay in line, Angela Davis did not stay in line and is now being charged with the murders in Marin County. The re- sponsibility for these murders lies with those who control a system that destroys lives in the United States and all over the world, Right now 99% of women are working for men in offices, in in- stitutions, and in the home because there are no other alternatives. AS women struggling togaincon- trol over our own lives we draw Strength from the example of An- gela Davis, our sister, She embod- jes growth as a woman, and the power of a just rage, Angela Davis has acted in our behalf, in behalf of the suffering of all oppres people, We affirm’ her Tee, beauty and womanhood through our own commitment and action, Right now in San Francisco wo- men are doped up, lying, crying, and raped because of a system that defines them as being subhuman. Right now Shellie Bursey is in Santa Rita Prison for refusing to do what the MAN tells her, to tes- tify against the Black Panther Par- ty paper. Brenda Presley will be On Sept, 8, jury selection began. By the time you read this the trial will already have begun, and the courts will try to get convic- tions in order to stop the revolu- tion. There is no doubt that the Black Panther Party will even- tually be outlawed and that the pigs will attempt to stop the rey- olutionary struggle, but for the sake of education we will use the courts to educate our people thar this government is illegal and will urge them to participate in writing a new constitution. In N.Y, Afeni Shakur and Michael Tabor are defending themselves. They are acting as their own law- yers in a court of law that has nothing in mind but convicting them and stopping the revolution, The basis of their defense is not the anti-human laws of the Present constitution but rather It is based on the right of people to defend their existence, The right of the pegple to be free no matter what pricd they must pay to achieve that end, We know what we must do, We know that despite the efforts of the government to stop therevolu- tion that it will grow, their ar- tempts to suppress only serve to increase the revolutionary fervor of the masses. Let it be noted that Chairman Bobby Seale set an example in the Chicago courtroom, and that Afeni and Cet are continuing that exam- ple. By defending themselves they are defending the people, Our watch word is freedom and freedom fighters actions will not go passed unnoticed by the masses who love them. The true law of the land will come when the people draw up the new constitution. How can the our- laws, outlaw anybody? Jamal (N.Y, 21) MESSAGE TO THE YOUTH OF THE HARLEM COMMUNITY We of the Harlem Branch of the Black Panther Party, do apolo- gize to the Harlem Community, and especiallly to the youth. We as members of the Vanguard Par- ty and servants of the people, have committed our lives to the struggle of Black liberation and national salvation. ; One of the programs that we have implemented is the ‘’Free Breakfast Program,'’ which is lo- cated at 130th, Street and Madi- there soon for the same reason, Right now thousands of our sister are imprisoned unjustly for strug- gling against that which oppresses them. Women are in Jail for pro- stitution, drug taking, shoplifting and other so-called crimes which are, for 50 many, necessary means to survive in this society,75% of these women are third world. To free them we must liberate each other by working together as sis- ters. We must expose the oppres- sive system in which we exist, and in solidarity we must demand equal respect and treatment for all peo- ple, We claim the rightand accept the responsibility to struggle in every way possible for our freedom. Women's Liberation stands with Angela Davis, Shellie Bursey, Brenda Presley, AfeniShakur, Joan Bird, Peggy Hudgins, Erika Hug- gins, Thelma McGoran, Liela Kha- led, Bernadette Devlin. We speak to all women, We work so that all women may see the reality of their oppression, may look to other wo- men for help and support. The re- volution Wilfred wa} or son, Ave. We did not serve break— fast to the children this morning. Ir was a failure on all of our parts as a whole, not just the in- dividuals involved. It is time for us to stop shucking and jiving and get down to some serious busi- ness because our very survival is at stake. ‘“‘The children will be fed’’ because we understand that the youth makes the revolution, and they will keep Ir. Once again we apoligize for our failure to fulffll our committments to the people, We vow that this will never happen again. The dis- cipline that certain individuals re- ceived for not attending the pro- gram is not as agonizing as the pain they drew from the knowledge that they failed to. meet one of the basic needs of the people. We will continue to lay new found- ations and ‘will ‘wipe out the old ruins, which are our mistakes, 3 7 POWER TO THE YOUTH) y -Black Panther Partyscs..0 «| Harlem Branch, N.Y, 1)» | WITH EVERY PIG ATT LLINGNESS AND el pies ¥ offices simul srrested the people who ywhine for the Plenory Philadeiphia allacks only a temporary set- days later [0,000 in Philadelphia G néw Constitution levant to the masses of pressed people throughout Party suffered its most recent attack on Safurday evenmy, October 2ith in Detrott, Michigan, At the end of a pig raid thal lasted a total of nine FIRE PICS ATTEMPT TO EXTINGUISH BURNIN : TUAT PEOPLE DRALY WITh WELT CAR RACIST PIGS WITH SHOTGUNS ANI J R ARREST hours, 15 National Committze to Com bat Fascism Community Cen (anor- fanizing bureau of the Black Panther wwrs were fet Prior to the raid at ap} 6:00. p.m, in Detroit, two mambers wore passing out Icaflets about the Free Breakfast for School Children Progra: They were cround the corner from the community center when they observed two pigs beating a 9 year-old boy from the community, Immediately, they approached th one Of the beatiry and the pigs reshonded oy demanding to see thetr 1.D,'s and felling them to gel off tha public sifewalk wtth those leafiais, The piss called for reinforcements tho, wher they arrived beat th 2 NCC. workers with clubs I blackjacks and th arrested them The community had come out and liad witnessed both the beating of the 9 year PIG GLEN SMITH DEAD NHANDLE BROTHERS boy and that of the 2 ers. The people gather tan to show th for the pigs, tha oppressors and mur- derers in the black community, oy throwing bricks and bottles at the The pigs pulled their guns bd when they saw that thts hod so affect on the people, they withdrew from the community, Howover, two nigger pigs riding in unmarked cars ani dressed m str mained in the area were spotted, agai th pe bottles af them, One pig 5 driving the le bevari throwtag bri orul ocrvs a scant fot people, when & by an wiknow? person the other pig got oul of his gun drawn, Again unseen ; assailant fired and the cond ply fell d Jead with a bullet in his head PIG MARSHALL EMERSON WOUNDED ACK ON THEVANGUARD PARTY, THE PEOPLE'S ABILITY TO DEAL WITH THE PIGS GROW Hey hoo jelbhic, after 0.000 or more > the oppressed misses come forte ready £0. dea) miin the pigs. Thai is - {0,000 more niggas who will not hesifate to either kill or die for our freedom There are {0,000 more essad people who will fizht with the courage and determination of the Vietnamese People who have fought for more than & years against the highly developed technology of the US, aggressors. PASCIST PIG STANDS GUARD APTER.PIG ATTAGK , ' ; 1970 PAGE 14 THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER Sl, REVOLUTIONARY JR 7 PEOPLE'S oH CONSTITUTIONAL Wes CONVENTION NOVEMBER 27, 28 & 29, 1970 WASHINGTON, D.C. as of ver tn CONTIEMED THON STL WAS OF WO DEFMNTE LOCA Murdered in oy Pa ne /Tee when we S72 NOt even secure from being fovagely ur sleep by Policemen who Stand Platan 4) before the world bur fs that ““ses@qual prot ction of the laws’? Tid, Justice" lies *xPosed empty promise Of the C the really of Black People’s broken chain Of abuse af the existence. For 400 years J as America’s Peot-stoot, Th; hands of White America 13 fact is so clear thet 4 ION CONTACT: GWEN » COMMUNICATION COORDINATOR FOR R.P ET, N.W., ION 2327 18TH STREET, peer ie oF INFORMATION 265-4418 /19 (202) OR WA ore (202) 667-1345 46/47 . THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 15 | A CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY OF THE | NATIONAL GUARD (A MILITARY INTELLIGENCE SUPPLEMENT) With the act of June 5, 1933, the militia became a reserve component of the Army, subject to direct call to active duty by the Presidnet, who no lonerger needed to go through governors to summon the militia. Commissioned Guardsmen were assured of retaining their command and not, as previously, being replaced by Regular Army officers. TRUCKING: The Regional Labor Board called on the Citizens’ Alliance, an employers’ association, to respect the law and bargain with Minneapolis Teamsters. When employers refused, Teamsters went on strike. Employers swore in over 155 “special officers” into a citizens’ army to stop the strikers. After a provoked attack in which two deputies were killed, Governor Floyd B. Olson called in the National Guard and the “Battle of Deputies Run” ensued. Union leadership agreed to a compromise but employers would not agree and attempted to run the trucks, The first truck, guarded by an armed convoy, met resistance and without waming armed guards opened fire with shotguns, killing two and wounding 65. Olson ordered the National Guard to protect certain categories of trucks, When workers protested, Olson responded with a dawn raid on strike headquarters. Two days later, after much protest, he ordered a similar raid on the Citizens’ Alliance. Months later, employers agreed to the original settlement and the strike ended. TEXTILES: United Textile Workers called a national strike and 475,000 workers in 22 states went out. Strikers met extreme terror from police, strikebreakers and the more than 15,000 National Guard mobilized in seven States against them, Fifteen strikers were killed. Concentration camps were set up in Georgia, cashes were frequent between strikers and troopers in Rhode Island, and there were numerous instances of brutulities by National Guard troops in North Carolina, All this led Joseplius Daniels to write President Roosevelt that “in nearly every instance the troops might us well have been under the direction of the mill owners.” In alarm, AJP. of L. mon leaders called off the strike, suffering a terrible defeat, Blicklisting of umonists and militant strikers followed. t SHIPPING: San Francisco longshoremen went on strike in May alter employers refused to recognize the union (LLWU) or bargain with its agents. Teamsters and eight other maritime unions joined the walkout, and an agreement “was drawn up but rejected by strikers since it would not have eliminated the blacklist. The Industrial Association, a group of employers, _ decided to open its ports by force, and when strikers dead and many more on both sides injured. The National Guard was mobilized at midnight, triggering a general strike through the entire city, halting work in all industries and occupations, Governor Meier of Oregon wired the President) “Governor of California indicates he will ask for federal troops and | will do same... to prevent insurrection which if nat checked will develop into civil war.” President Roosevelt, however, refused to step in. In four days, over the opposition of the iocal teadersiup, longshoremen accepted arbitration, winning most of their demands, ELECTRICAL: Demands for union recognition at Electric Auto-Lite Co. and Edison Co., in Toledo, Ohio led to a strike, police violence and lubor demands for a general strike. Ohio National Guard were ordered into the Auto-Lite plant to evacuate workers. Rocks and bottles were thrown and Guardsmen fired into the crowd, killing two and wounding and gassing hundreds more, Confronted with the real threat of a general strike, employers agreed to federal mediation, which met most union demands, According to War Department records, in the year ending June 30, 1935 there were 84 calls, for National Guard in 31 states, of which 35 were for strike duty and three for suppressing unemployed, Striker in La Grange, Georgia, was killed by National Guard in attack on strikers at Calaway Mills. Over 22,000 Guardsmen were used on strike duty compared with 7223 for all other purposes during this one year period, according to Congressional Record, February 14, 1936. In the previbus fiscal year, 8126 Guardsmen were called out in 28 states, of whom 7000 were used in strikes. The ClO revealed that the Cleveland Chamber of Commerce made an annual contribution of $20,000 to the National Guard of Ohio. Chairman of the Chamber's military affairs committee that year was Dudley J. Hard, a millionaire utility executive and newly retired commander of Ohio's 37th Division. 50 state troopers terrorized United Rubber Workers of America workers on strike in Gadsden, Ala,, state troopers were also used against lettuce strikers in Salinas, Calif.; martial law was proclaimed in Clearwater County, Idaho, during a lumber strike in which 90 National Guard officers were used; 600 National Guard troops were used against 1350 shirtmakers of M. Fine & Sons in New Albany, Ind.; state Lroopers were used against strikers at the Berkshire Knitting M's in Be Guard was used against 800 strikers ¢ the Monarch Textile mills in Union, S.C. With the strikes of 1937 came an increa¢ u: the use of armed forces, National Guard, state police and troopers against striking workers, farmers and unemployed. Governors of 14 states called out troops 15 times in 1936, In 1937, 33 governors called out troops 24 times. Over 10,000 National Guard were in actual service during this year, while about 6000 were mobilized. According to a special study of the use of militia in labor disputes, at least 20 cities in nine states were occupied by the National Guard during 1937. For example, 4000 National Guard were mobilized when Inland Steel Corp. tried to reopen in East Chicago, Ind.; black WPA workers were forced to harvest sugar cane under the guns of 2000 National Guard; S00 Guardsmen were used in Lewiston, Maine against Auburn shoe strikers; state police and National Guard were used against strikers at the Fisher Body (General Motors) plant in Flint, Mich.; state troopers were used against Thermoid Rubber Co. employees in Trenton, N.J.; 5000 National Guard were used against strikers in the “Little Steel” strike in Youngstown, Ohio; National Guard officers and state police enforced modified martial law during a strike against Bethichem Steel in Johnstown, Pa.; 300 National Guard troops were used against strikers at an Aluminum Co. of America plant at Alcoa, Tenn; a Guardsman killed a striker in Canton, Ohio during a Republic Steel Corp. strike. National Guardsmen attacked workers in a United Mine Workers (UMW) picket at Mahan-Ellison Coal Co., killing one worker, “unknown” assailants in the National Guard killed a striker in a Wallins, Ky., mine strike; two persons were killed by the National Guard on mine pickets in Harlan County, Ky. VI. The National Guard Defends Its Existence The Selective Training and Service Act, which at first threatened to supplant the National Guard, was finally supported by it when the bill’s sponsors wrote in a “National Guard Protective Clause,” declaring “it is essential that the strength and organization of the National Guard, as an integral part of the firstdine defenses of this Nation be at all times maintained and assured.” At a National Guard — Association (NGA) convention the month following passage, General Reckord suggested that the Guard keep lobbyists “to see that the necessary legislation is provided to protect the National Guard as an institution.” The Guard took his advice, and prevented the War Department throughout World War Il from subjecting it to the wishes of the General Staff. 1941-1945 National Guard called to active stivice, but spent most of its energy protecting jts position and halting numerous attempts to abolish it or limit its powers. - A 7 THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 16 ‘ OPENING OF INTERNATIONAL SECTION OF THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY ALGIERS, ALGERIA - i & ‘ ) , & Eldridge and Elaine at opening of International Section November 13, 1970 - Algiers, Algeria ~ Ethopian student, Chinese 2n Cleaver Press Conference prior to opening = as 1 . : NOVEMBER 13, 1970 ot Chinese 2nd Ambassador (R), Press Attaché (M) and Cultural Attaché (L) talking with Eldridge : Opening attended by cross section of Liberation Movements National Congres9 South Africa THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 17 lf the U.S. Imperialists Ignite Another War, Oblivious of the Historical Lessons in the Korean War, They Will Get Nothing But Corpses and Death The U.S. imperialists, the most barbarous and most shameful aggressors of the present times and the chieftain of world imperialism, and the South Korean puppets started an armed attack on the northern half of the Republic on June 25, 1950 in defiance of all the repeated just pro- posals and sincere efforts of our Party and the Government of the D.P.R.K. for the peaceful uni- fication of the country. The U.S. imperialists’ armed aggression forced the peaceful construction in the northern half of the Republic to suspend and the Korean people to undergo severe trials of war. At that time our Republic had been young as yet; its People’s Army had had no more than 2 years since its founding; and its economic power was also weak, Under such circumstances the Korean people were forced to fight face to face with U.S. impe- rialism, which had the greatest military and eco- nomic potentialities in the capitalist world as well as a tong history of war of aggression. In order to stifle the Republic in the cradle and accomplish their sinister aggressive design to turn the whole of Korea into their colony and do- minate Asia and the world, the U.S. imperialists, who had been engaged in aggression and plunder of Korea for 100 odd years, hurled into the Ko- rean front a huge armed force of over 2 million including the main of their armed forces, troops of their 15 satellites and the South Korean pup- pet army, plus immense quantities of up-to-date combat and fechnical equipment and | materials and resorted to the barbarous method and means of warfare without precedent in war history. But the Korean people were filled with firm conviction that they could surely defeat the U.S. imperialists since they were led by the great Leader of revolution Comrade Kim II Sung, the ever-vic- forious iron-willed brilliant commander and milit- ary strategic genius who had beaten off the strong Japanese imperialists and led the anti-Ja- panese armed struggle to victory in the most dis- advantageous conditions without any assistance except the support of the revolutionary masses. At the outbreak of the war, taking upon his shoulders all the Party, Government and military affairs, all work at the front and in the rear, the great Leader of revolution Comrade Kim II Sung taised the militant slogan: “Everything for the Victory in the warl" and organized and mobiliz- ed the entire Korean people and People’s Army to the struggle for victory in the war. Under the sagacious leadership of the great Leader of revolution Comrade Kim || Sung, the @ver-victorious iron-willed brilliant commander and military strategic genius, the Korean people and People’s Army rose as one and bravely fought fo crush the U.S. imperialist aggressors’ armed aitack at every step displaying indomitable fighting spirit and mass heroism. From the first days of war, the U.S. imperialists indiscriminately burnt down towns and villages in Korea and levelled factories and enterprises and even schools and hospitals and other cultural es- tablishments to the ground. Everywhere they set foot on, they committed towering cruel atrocities shooting and burning innocent peoples to death or burning them alive. With no methods of war and bestia! murder and atrocities, however, could the U.S. imperialists subdue the Korean people who, firmly rallied around the Party and the Leader, came out in a do-or-die struggle for defending the indepen- dence and freedom of their country. The longer the war dragged on, the more ir- - ips +>. retrievable military, political and moral defeats the U.S, imperialists suffered. During the three years of the Korean war, due to the powerful blow given by the Korean peo- ple and People’s Army the U.S. imperialists lost more than 1,093,800 manpower including over 397,000 troops of their aggressive army, over | 12,200 planes, types and a huge amount of other combat and technical equipment and materials. The losses the U.S, imperialists suffered during the three years of the Korean war reached nearly 2.3 times as much as the losses of manpower and combat and technical equipment and materials they had sus- tained in the four-years of the Pacific War at the time of World War Il. Having suffered serious military, political and moral seibacks, the U.S. imperialists found them- selves unable to go on with the war any longer and were compelled to kneel down before the Ko- rean people and sign the Armistice Agreement on July 27, 1953. And the Korean people won a great victory in the just Fatherland Liberation War. The Fatherland Liberation War waged by the Korean people, as was defined by Comrade Kim II Sung, was a fierce anti-imperialist, anti-U.S. imperialist struggle against the allied forces of world reaction headed by U.S. imperialism and a harsh class struggle against the enemy of the people. The victory of the Korean people in this sac- red struggle entirely owes to the all-conquering, sagacious guidance of the great Leader Comrade Kim Il Sung who had accumulated rich experien- ces in the 15-year long arduous anti-Japanese armed struggle and who is possessed of great rev- olutionary ideas and revolutionary theory, distin- guished leadership and brilliant military strateqy, plus indomitable will, extraordinary revolutionary sweep and high virtues. In the whole course of the war the great Leader of revolution Comrade Kim I! Sung es- tablished Juche thoroughly in military and other 250-odd war vessels of different REPRINTED FROM KOREA TODAY NO. 167 - 1970 spheres, equipped the People’s Army and the people with the unitary ideology of the Party and indomitable revolutionary spirit. He, with a keen insight into the weak points of the military strategy of the U.S. imperialists and into their schemes, created brilliant military strategy and or- iginal tactics in every period and at every stage of war, so that initiative could always be taken in the war for defeating the enemy. Even in the thick of severe war he always found himself among the armymen and people, shared sweets and bitters with them and imbued them with the conviction of victory in the war, encouraging them in their struggle. Indeed, the great Leader Comrade Kim II Sung led the Fatherland Liberation War to a shining victory by overcoming the enemy's numerical and technical superiority with the political and ideo- logical, strategical and tactical superiorify. The Korean war gave a serious lesson to the U.S. imperialist aggressors. During the Fatherland Liberation War Comrade Kim Il Sung, the respected and beloved Leader of the 40 million Korean people, taught as fol- lows: “The valiant struggle of the Korean people has proved to the freedom-loving peoples of the whole world that the atomic blackmail could not have any effect on their struggle for the indepen- dence and freedom of the country. The war we are waging will, therefore, give a practical lesson to the imperialist marauders and an immense en- couragement to the peoples in colonies and de- pendent countries and will become the banner of liberation movement for the oppressed nations.” By defeating the U.S. imperialists the Korean people clearly proved that the Democratic Peo- ple's Republic of Korea and ifs people's demo- cratic system had an inexhaustible vitality, that the might of the Korean people who had become masters of their country was invincible and that no force could conquer a people who firmly held their destiny in their hands and rose for the free- dom and independence and progress of their fatherland under the leadership of a great leader and Marxist-Leninist Party. They also proved that the factor deciding victory in war lies not in the superiority of weapons or techniques but in the strength of the masses of the people who are deeply convinced of the justness of their great cause and firmly united as one. By defeating the U.S. imperialist armed invaders our people under the wise quidance of the great Leader of revolution Comrade Kim Il Sung de- fended with credit the freedom and independence of the fatherland and the precious gains of revo- lution and greatly contributed to preserving peace in Asia and the world. Furthermore, by bursting the myth about the “mightiness” of U.S. imperialism to smithereens the Korean people powerfully inspired hundreds of millions of peoples of the world in their strug- gle for national independence and freedom and started the U.S. imperialist aggressors on the downgrade. The U.S. imperialists, far from drawing due les- sons from their ignominious defeat in the Ko- reen war, are desperate to provoke another aqg- gressive war while flagrantly violating the Ko- rean Armistice Agreement in an attempt to achieve at all risks their aggressive aim they could not attain in the war. Comrade Kim Il Sung, the respected and be- loved Leader of the 40 million Korean people, said as follows: continued on next page - THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 18 IF THE U.S. IMPERIALISTS IGNITE ANOTHER WAR... — “The U.S. imperialist manoeuvres to provoke @ new war in Korea have already reached a grave stage. They have made active preparations for another war in South Korea and set about committing military provocations more openly a- gainst the Democratic People’s Republic of Ko- rea.” (‘The Democratic People's Republic of Ko- rea Is the Banner of Freedom and Independence for Our People and the Powerful Weapon of Building Socialism and Communism,” p. 67.) The U.S. imperialists’ new war clamours in Ko- rea have been pronounced still more since the notorious homicidal war-maniac Nixon became the boss of U.S. imperialism. In South Korea the U.S. imperialists are re- inforcing their aggressive forces and the puppet army and bringing in various new-type weapons and war material in large quantities to step up war preparations, while intensifying fascist sup- pression of the South Korean revolutionaries and people as never before. They frequently stage large-scale military exer- cises such as “operation crocodile," “operation focus retina,” “South Korea-U.S. spring season joint landing operation” and “field army spring season manoeuvres,” thereby frantically rushing preparations for a total war. The criminal provocations and violations of the Armistice Agreement perpetrated by the enemy reached over 10,000 cases last year alone. It shows how [rantically the U.S, imperialist aqqres- sors are scheming to unleash a new war in Ko- rea. These acts of new war provocation by the U.S. imperialists have become more undisquised since the intrusions into the Democratic People’s Re- public of Korea of the U.S. imperialists’ armed spy ship “Pueblo” and their big spy plane “EC-121." The crafty and vicious U.S. imperialists openly scheme to draw the Japanese militarists in a new war in Korea, The U.S. imperialists have rapidly militarized Japan and turned it into an advance base and a stronghold for their aggression against Korea and Asia. And they have aligned the Japanese mili- tarists with the Pak Jung Hi puppet clique in South Korea, actively instigating them to serve as a “shock brigade” in their war of aggression in Asia. Owing to the intensified new war machinations of U.S. imperialism the tension has become ex- tremely acute in Korea and a grave situation has been created, in which war may break out again. ALBANIA REPORT The Korean people have made, and are making, all their sincere efforts to foil the reckless new war machinations on the part of the U.S. imperial- ists and their lackeys and preserve peace in Korea. The Korean people and the Government of the D.P.R.K. consistently maintain that the ques- tion of the country's unification be solved inde- pendently on the democratic principles and by peaceful means without any interference of out- side forces. But the U.S. imperialists and their stooges, dog- gedly opposing our fair proposals for peaceful unification which are unanimously supported by the entire Korean people and the world people, indulge in nefarious scheme to mislead world public opinion by fabricating the non-existent "threat of aggression from the North.” Today the ceasefire and peace in Korea are maintained only by our persevering efforts and stubborn struggle. Comrade Kim |! Sung, the great Leader of rev- olution, said as follows: “We do not want war, but are never afraid of it. Our people and People’s Army will return retaliation for ‘retaliation’ of the U.S. imperialists, all-out war for all-out war. The U.S. imperialists must fully be aware that if they aggravate the situation and persistently take the road of war despite our warnings, they will suffer a heavier defeat this time." ("On the 20th Anniversary of the Founding of the Korean People's Army," p. 10.) The Korean people will not attack others first but will inflict severe punishment to those who infringe upon their sovereign right. Today the Korean people have an incomparab- ly greater strength than that they had at the time of the Fatherland Liberation War. The entire people and the People's Army are armed with the revolutionary ideas of the great Leader Comrade Kim II Sung still firmly and, unit- ed rock-firm with one mind and will around him, are advancing vigorously along the road indicat- ed by him. The Korean people have the Workers’ Party of Korea—the General Staff of revolution and a sea- soned Marxist-Leninist Party—which was founded by Comrade Kim I] Sung and has accumulated rich experiences in the thick of arduous revolutionary struggle. Invincible are the Korean people who have the seasoned Marxist-Leninist Party and the powerful socialist country. REPR TED In a speech on Jone 5, Enver Hoxha, FROM First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Albanian Party of Labor said: The ALBANIA Albanian people and their government support the just struggle of the peoples of REPORT Indo-China with all thew might and ex- A UG UST 19 70 people will certainly defeat ther enemics continued from last page The Korean people have carried out the revo- lutionary line bu forth by the great Leader of rev- olution Comrade Kim I] Sung on building the eco- nomy and defences in parallel, with the result that they have become to have a powerful inde- pendent national economy and powerful defence capabilities strong enough to crush any attack of the U.S. imperialist aggressors at a stroke. As a result of the successful implementation of the self-defensive military line, an embodiment of Comrade Kim Il Sung’s great idea of Juche in the military field, the Korean People's Army has grown and strengthened into a steel-like “one- beat-hundred" revolutionary army, and the entire people have been armed and the whole country turned into an impregnable fortress. In keeping pace with the dynamic revolutionary santa ot She people in the northern half of the Republic the revolutionary forces have rapidly grown and strengthened in South Korea. The South Korean people keep on fighting vigorously, up- holding the strategic and tactical line of the South Korean revolution and national unification set forth by Comrade Kim Il Sung, the great Leader of the 40 million Korean people. The revolutionary peoples of the whole world extend firm solidarity and full support to the Ko- rean peoplé in their juzt struggle against the aq- gression of U.S. imperialism and for the inde- pendent unification of the country. The Korean question must be solved by the Korean people themselves independently. The U.S. imperialist aggressors must stop acts of provoking a new war against the Korean peo- ple and get out of South Korea without delay, taking all lethal weapons with them. if the U.S. imperialists unleash another war stubbornly hampering our aspiration for the peaceful unification of the fatherland, the Korean people will give a thousand-fold retaliatory blow to the enemy and wipe them off the earth once and for all. Invincible are the Korean people who aa marching forward vigorously for the complete victory of socialism and the independent unifi- cation of the country upholding the wise leader- ship of Comrade Kim II Sung, the great Leader of revolution and ever-victorious, iron-willed brilliant commander. Press their full conviction that through their resolute struggle, the Indo-Chinese and win victory IMPORTANT STATEMENTS EDITORIAL Albania is a small country, roughly 200 miles long (north-south) by 100 miles wide (east-west). It has a population now of more than 2 million, while at the time of liberation (1944) it had about one million. Yet despite its small size, Albania plays # tery important role in the world today. More and more people concerned with world affairs are discovering that it ix essential to know more about this unique country of socialism poised like an eagle in the most mountainous region of the Balkans Without question the most ancient eth nic group of Europe, for 2000 years the Albanian people have written a glorious luatory of fighting off countless invaders and vccupiers, always maintaining their entity, language and culture. Occupied by the Turks for 500 years, the Albanian people never stopped fighting for freedom and independence, and played a big role in holding back the advance of the Otto- man Empire which threatened to overrun Europe Invaded by the Italian and German fascist, the Albanian people carried on a magnificent guerrilla war under the leader- ship of the Albanian Party of Labor, defeated the invaders and drove them out of the country. The Albanians were the unly people occupied by the fascists who, while the war was still going on, liberated thermmelves without outside help Resisting all interference from powerful imperisliat and reactionary forces, the Albanian people, under the leadership of Enver Hoxha, carried out « socialiet revo lution, transforming what was once the most backward country of Europe into a Mrong. modern, advanced, prosperous and enlightened country, which is a beacon for all those struggling for national libera- tion, independence, progress and social. term When the revisionist clique headed by Khrushchev seized power in the Soviet Union and tried to turn the clock back in the world socialist movement, the Alba nian Party of Labor, stanch defender of Marxisny Leninism, was the first to come out with a strong offensive against the revisionist countercurrent, together with the Chinese and other Marxist-Leninist parties Following a correct line, and under a brilliant leadership, Albania today is a strong force for peace in the Balkans, and is playing an ever more important role in world affairs, including its role in the United Nations The Albanian Affairs Study Group in- vites all those who are interested to help us in this endeavor with articles, contribu. tions and circulation building ALBANIAN GOVERNMENT REC. OGNIZES CAMBODIA'S ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF NATIONAL UNION On May 5. 1970 the Albanian govern mort sent a telegram to Samdech Noro dom Sihanouk recognizing the Royal Government of National Union, led by the National United Front of Kam puches, as the sole legal government of Cambodia The Albanian government had made an announcement on April 11 declaning that it continued to regard Sihanouk as legal head of state of Cambo dia and supporting the National United Front; to which Sihanouk responded by cable expressing gratitude to the Albanian government and people for their support of the national liberation struggle of the Cambodian people Also on May 5, a statement was issued by the Council of Ministers of Albania strongly condemning the armed aggression unleashed by the U.S. against the Cambo- dian people on the direct order of Presi dent Nixon, Ut said: “The intervention of the U.S. troops in Cambodia jointly with the mercenary forces of the Saigon pup- pet clique, supported by aircraft, artillery and armored cars, constitutes a most savage violation of the freedom, indepen- dence, sovereignty and neutrality of that peace-loving country which ix typical of the gangster policy of U.S. imperialism.” The statement said that this attack isa further escalation of aggressive US. war in Indo-China and all southeast Asia. Ito part and parcel of the US. strategy for global counterrevolution, which has as its main target the People’s Republic of China, This new aggression by the US will only haaten ite defeat in Indo China, since all the people there are cow more strongly united than ever againet ihe US in their determination to achieve libera tion The Matement expressed the solidarity and support of the Albanian people and Kevernment, now asin the past, for lei pMst strugele. It sand that the Lodo t tiene people through (heir lawlul aenmed stray gle, will be finally victorin BY ENVER HOXHA During Inspection Tour of Northern Regions Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Albanian Party of Labor, made an inspection tour of the northern regions of Albania at the end of May and beginning of June. He visited the KUKES, TROPOJA, PUKE and SHKODRA regions, where me made a number of important statements on the national and international situation, (Editor's Note: These staternents deal in particular with relations between Alba: nia and Rumania, Yugoslavia and China. The Albanian Affairs Study Group con- siders these statements of such signifi- cance that we bring the reader summaries and extracts of these speeches, and we hope to have an article dealing with this subject in our next issue.) SPEECH IN KUKES Speaking at « big meeting in KUKES City on May 28, Enver Hoxha pointed out the great changes that have taken place in the region during the year of people's power He pointed out that industnal production in Kules Region alone in 1969 was equal to that ofiallof Albania in 1938. The regién produces today more than J times the amount of copper blister produced in the while ot Albania in 1060 continued on next page » we ee ee continued from last page He said: While working and building, we should never forget for a single mo: ment to be vigilant. There are enemies of the people and of socialiam who are hatching plots against their freedom and independence and waging wars against them. These enemics are the capitalists, the imperislists and their servants, the revisionists, and other traitors of every hue. At the forefront of all these enemies are the US. imperialists and the Saviet revisionists who seek to dominate the world and keep the peoples under their yoke, These enemies will try to bring back into power in Albania the old reactionaries. But they are not so power~ ful. The people are stronger than they. The Albanian people, a smal! people, fought continually for centuries against numerous and big enemies. But they were neither defeated nor did they disappear During their national liberation struggle they defeated the invaders—the Italian fascists and the German nazis—and their collaborators. Enver Hoxha spoke of the U.S. aggres- sion in Viet Nam and Cambodia, and the growing strength of the unified Indo- Chinese people. He pointed out the tremendous support given to the Indo Chinese people by the Chinese and other people around the world, The aim of U.S. imperialiam is preparation for war against the People's Republic of China, and to subjugate other Asian people so as to force them t6 act as cannon fodder in this war. But the US. and its allies are facing em WR Be pemeliian Bosh from their owa - i . 4 Bp i - Py ’ i mn ss peoples as well as from all the other peoples of the world - The Soviet revisionists, traitors to Marx t & " — —e- - + 7. Wine a i oe "L , < 1 J 7, I ~i iaM'Leniniam who have transformed the Soviet Union into a capitalist country, ~ have entered into an alliance with US imperialism to suppress revolutions every: where in the world and to prepare for 4 war against China Inside the Soviet Union and its allies (the other revi sioniats) there exist not only great contre dictions but also movements of opposi tion to this imperialist road of enslavement of the peoples, which the Kremlin traitors are seeking lo camou- flage with Lenin's name as they did in Czechoslovakia and as they would like to do with their preparation for aggression against Rumania, Yugoslavia and Albania RELATIONS WITH RUMANIA The Soviet revisionists have long been on the prowl, seeking to subjugate the Socialist Republic of Kumania. In the name of the Warsaw Treaty, they insist that they must carry out military exer- cites in Rumania; in other words, they seek to bring their armed forces into that country never to withdraw them, to occupy Rumania and then establish a quisling government as they did in Crechotlovakia, They wish to make Rumania their colony, to integrate her into their economy, and to impose on them their own bankrupt currency, The Rumantin people, ite Communist Party, and Government are al! resisting this pressure with determination and courage “* ‘The Albanian people, their Party and Government are and will always remain on the side of the fraternal Rumanian People and will back them and support them in their just struggle. We say to our Rumanian brothers: stand firm, for you are strong, whereas your enemies are Weak; stand firm, for you have many friends in the world who love you and support you in your just struggle Enver Hoxha then spoke of the support and backing given by the Albanian people to the struggles of the Indo-Chinese peo- ples, to the Palestinian and other Arab people, and to all those struggling for freedom, independence, democracy and socialism. While working and building, the Albanian people are also strengthen: ing their power to defend their homeland. Our enemies should not think we are small and powerless, We have strong friends who are sincere till death, auch as the great People’s China, as well as _ Bumerous other friends in all parts of the _ world. We attack nobody, but we also say VW THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 19 Chairman Mao with Comrade Kellezi and the members of the Albanian Government Economle Delegation led by bim and other Albanian comrades visiting Peking at the time, they should be careful, for he who touches Albania will meet with death Victory will be ours! SPEECH IN TROFOJA KEGION On May 30, Enver Hoxha visited the city of BAJRAM CURR, capital of the TROPOJA Region, where he spoke to the people who tured out en mawe to greet him Enver Hoxha sid: Although Tropoja is a highland region, our Party has made it possible for it to be today eclf-sufficient in food grains. Your region now has more tractors than all of Albania had in 1938 Arable land hap increased threefold. In the past you produced only maize, and with great difficulty, but today you also grow an abundance of wheat. Let this be an example for the revisionist countries, where they have fertile plains but where agriculture is on the decline, while the cooperative system has been destroyed Do not think that because the Tropoja region is mountainous, there is no per- spective for further economic and cul tural development. Only capitalists and revisionists think in this way, concen> trating all their efforts where profits are bigger for themselves The socialist revolution should develop uninterruptedly not only in the field of production, but in the political, ideologi cal, cultural and other fields as well The imperialisés and revisionists are sulfering great defeats, and in order to extricate themselves from this situation they are opening new fronts of aggression in the world. In this situation our people are performing with honor their national and internationaliat duties by supporting the struggle of the people for freedom, independence and socialism We are con- sistently implementing the policy of defending our socialist gains, the freedom and independence of our homeland Therefore, all of us, old and young, should keep our gunpowder dry, we are soldiers of revolution RELATIONS WITH YUGOSLAVIA Referring to Albania’s relations with Yugoslavia, Enver Hoxha said: Our coun- try pursties a good neighbor policy, respect for sovereignty and of non-interference in the internal affairs of all neighboring states, Ours is a principled policy based on the teachings of Marxism-Leninism, Our viewpoints about Yugoslavia are known and we publicly state them, We do not interfere with the internal affairs of the Yugoslav peoples, but we do not hide that between us and the Yugoslav leader- ship there exist deep irreconcilable ideological contradictions which originate from the fact that the Yugoslav leader ship & not Marxist-Leninist, On the con trary, tt follows a revinionist line with all ite consequences, Such & the opinion of our Party, and we will never renounce principled ideological polemics, but will fight thraogh to the end agaist any anti Marxist and covisiunint Viewponnle al whatever hue it may be Hur we develop interstate relation with the Socitlet Feeders! Republic of Yugoslavia, in trode as well asin all eves of mutual loterest, We want improvement in such relations, for we are feeods and brothers with the peoples of Yuyuslavia These feelings of friendship have been forged in the commun struggle against the fascists, when the Albanian and VYugostay peirtisans fought jointly, bound up each others wounds, and won together We want this friendship to develop in a correct Way and in our mutual interest The People’s Republic of Albania is a thom in the side of the US. and Soviet imperialists, and they continually plot against us. In the last two years, the Khrushchev revisionist aggressors have been threatening Yugoslavia and her peoples, threatening their freedom, in: dependence and sovereignty. The people of all nationalities living in Yugoslavia valiantly fought during the anti-fascist war and they will surely know now to fight against and rebuff any agyresor that would atiompt to violate their freedom and independence won with blood and sacrifice The Albanian people, in case of danger, will be on the side of the Yugoslav peoples against any aggresmor whatever that would menace the freedom, save reignty and national independence of our peoples. And the aggressor should be convinced that he not only cannot break and defeat us, but in seach an adventure he would meet with his death THE ALBANIAN FEOPLE OF KOSOVA There ix a large Albanian population in Yugoslayia. Our Kosovar brothers live and work there. It would be anti-Marxist and a national betrayal If we would neglect this fact, if we would not concern our selves with their fate. We wish that our brothers beyond the border should have all their full rights, like all the other people of Yugoslavia Borbe the central organ of the Yugoslav leadership, admitted that the Albanian people “have always been a target of foreign invaders, but despite this they have always found strength to preserve their national identity, It ie not fortuitous that the Albanians are the most ancient ethnic group living in Europe and have fought for their national independence.” Enver Hoxha continued: We have never interfered, nor do we intend to interfere with the internal affairs of Yugoslavia. We are not inclined to call Macedonians Albanians, or to call Turks Albanians; but we sey that the Kosovare ure Albanian the Albanians of Macedonia are Alba Hiatte tie Allanine af Montenegro. are Aibaniane. Therefine we wee Cully entitled ty denwuner wy action Menying te ome Kusovar brothers and other Allure their rights granted to them by the Yugoslav Constitution, und any measure timed ot their denationatization oe re meval from the tands of their forefathers We cannot remain silent when if Happens that Albanians living in Yugoslavia ore chanted with sa-called political crimes, when they concern themsctves with the development of the new life in Albania, with oUF victories and successes m the building of socialism, We shall always carry out the defense of our Kosovar brothers and of their rights within the international and human rules, within the rules of good neighborliness between our two states We are sure that the peoples of Yugo alavia, who are our friends, correctly Understand us and approve this stand The people of Albania rejoice that their Kosovar brothers are ever more partici pating in the development of the economy and the government of the country, that the people, youth and intellectuals of Kosova attend Albanian schools and are making great efforts to strengthen and develop the Albanian language, traditions, customs and culture Our people and vurious scientific, educa: tional and cultural institutions have been and are always prepared to help their Kosovar brothers an their noble road. We are willing, Besides trade relations, to develop cultural relations. We con du this also with the other pooples of Yugoslavia, but with Kosova this is favored by the same traditions, culture and linguage Our University and other Institates of higher learning are prepared to help our Kosovur brothers with texte, and wrant scholurships ta Kosovar youths to com plete their studies, Kosowar teachers, and other, can be admitted for practice and specialization, or to exchange experience We have the conviction that in this direction too, the fraternal peoples of Yugoslavia will understand and support us, for we are following the path of internationaliam. SPEECH AT THE VAU 1 DEJES HYDRO. ELECTRIC POWER FLANT IN SHKODRA REGION, NAMED AFTER MAO TSETUNG On June 3rd, Enver Hoxha visited the Mao Teetung Hydro-Electric Power Plant at VAU | DEJES in the SHKODRA region, Speaking at the welcome meeting, he praised the construction workers for their courage and self-denial in over- coming the many difficulties inevitably met in building so large and complex a work He particularly thanked the Chinese specialists for their contribution to the desagming ood building of tho Wp taal prapect Enver Hoxha said: Now on all parts of Albania a great evolutionary action re omerging to eomplete the eleetrifecation of the counteysitte by November 8, 1971 in homer of the Oth anniversary of the founding of our glorinus party= DE vears curler than the onyinal plan Our people, following the leadership of the Party. are capable of working wonders Although we ure under impenalit-fewsonet en: cieclement and blockade, soculist con- struction in our homeland i advancing teumphantiy KELATIONS WITH PEOPLES CHINA This power station bears the name ot the great Marxint-Lenimist Comrade Mao Teetung, the glorious leader of the frater- nal Chinese people, the most beloved friend of our people. This ® an expression of the love and respect cherished by the Albanian people for the Chinese people and Comrde Mao Tsetung, an expression of the unbreskable AltbanianChinese revolutionary friendship, an expression of the deep gratitude of our people towards the Chinese people, the Communist Party of China and Chairman Mau Teetung, for the great internationalist and unsparing aid which they give to our country in the building of socialism, The great friendship linking our two peoples, guided by common sims and tempered in struggle against the savage imperialiat and revisioniat enemies, will live through the centuries. Our Parties, Governments, and Peoples are in full agreement on all questions, These rela tions between us are a brilliant example of internationaliat frendship and cooper: Jiian in the common steale for the triumph of the cause of revolution and socialism, These relations are quite dil- feront from what happens in the relations between revisioniat countrics The Soviet revisionist clique is seeking to subjugate the economics of the other revisionist countries, tu completely undermine their national independence, as in Czechoslovakia. A grave economic and political situation prevails in all the countries where revisionists are in power, crises and impoverishment of the people, disputes and divisions, exposing the serious harm caused by the imperialist und colonialist policy of the traitors to communism By contrast, the working people of the whole world can see more clearly the great role of Mao Tsetungs People’s China as the powerful fortres of social- iam and of the ideals of freedom, as their reliable backing im the struggle against imperialism, socialimpenalism and reac: tion, Precisely for this reason the US. and Soviet imperialists, who are striving for worid domination, regard the People’s Republic of China as the main obstacle in their way; they regard China as their main enemy; they are directing their blows in the first place against China; but they will surely fail. CHINA'S CULTURAL REVOLUTION The imperialists and revisionist had pinned their hopes for the liquidation of China as a fortress of revolution on the hidden bourgeols clique of Liu Shao-chi which was striving to usurp Party and State leadership, as the Khrushchev clique had done in the Soviet Union, and put China on the road of the restoration of capitalism. The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, initiated and carried ‘out under the direct leadership of Comrade Mao Tsetung, has foiled all their plots, amashed and overthrown the Liu Shao-chi clique, and strengthened the dictatorship of the proletariat in China; and China re- mains red, The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolu- tion has brought about a new upsurge in Socialist construction and production in China, in modern science and technology, in strengthening the defense power of the People's Republic of China, This is clearly seen by the abundance of commodities in the market, the launching of China’s first man-made satellite, their succesful nuclear explosions, which are heavy blows to the SovietUS) monopoly of strategic weapons and the counterteralu- tionary plane of the U.S. and Soviet imperialists for world domination. All.the Peoples greeted thete events with great joy because this encourages them in their just struggle to get rid of the hated yoke of imperialist oppremion. a THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 20 FIRST MAJOR SAN FRANCISCO APPEARANCE FEATURING THE LUMPEN cscs sonra SINGING IN 1966, A YOUNG MAN CAME ON THE SCENE WITH A LAW BOOK AND A SHOT GUN AND A REVOLUTIONARY DREAM, HUEY ORGANIZED THE PEOPLE, ALL WHO ARE WILLING CAN'T YOU HEAR HIM NOW, PEOPLE ARE YOU LISTENING THERE'S GOT TO BE SOME o KILLING ‘eo BOBBY MUST BE SET FREE © MO MORE ° PEOPLE GET READY e REVOLUTION IS THE OWLY SOLUTION PIGS R G LATEST RECORDING LATEST RECORDIN pdeceneeeen e OLN Peckinos © LUMPEN THEME e HAVE YOU GOT THE GUTS (A MESSAGE TO BLACK ENTERTAINERS) AND MANY MORE PLUS A REVOLUTIONARY BAND THE FREEDOM MESSENGERS COME ONE COME ALL PEOPLE'S FREE BENEFIT SUNDAY NOV. 1, 1970 SPORTSMAN INN 621 DIVISADERO ST. SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA i) WE WILL BE SERVING GUMBO DINNERSSO* A PLATE ALL PROCEEDS GO TO THE DEFENSE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS j | S. (0 |! UR \ my 8. => THE LUMPEN BLACK PANTHER PARTY -~ —— “ FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CALL 465-5047 Huey would say, a newspaper 2s the voice of a party, the vou heard ra! We found we as citizens of this country were being kept duped by the govern- ment and kept misinformed by the mass media, The Black Panther Party Black Community News Service was created to present factual, reliable information to the people, The Black Panther Party Black Community News Service is the alternative tO the ‘government ap- proved’ stories presented in the mass media and the product of an effort to present the facts, not Stories as dictated by the oppressor, but as seen from the other end ofagun, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE! SEIZE THE TIME! ¢ of the Panther must be throughout the land,’ July 1967--Minister of Defense, Huey P. Newton Chairman, Bobby Seale (left), reading an early edition of 6, P.P, Newspaper of Eldridge Cleaver, Minister of In- formation B,P,P, at the home National Subscriptions 3 MONTHS; (13 ISSUES) -C) $2.50 6 MONTHS, (26 ISSUES) .. ~ Cl $5.00 ONE YEAR: (52 ISSUES).... -L) $7.50 (please print) Foreign Subscriptions $9.00 $12.00 $15.00 Enter my subscription for (check box) NAME _ ADDRESS ciTY — COUNTRY MINISTRY OF INFORMATION, BLACK PANTHER PARTY, * Box 7967. Custom Howse, San Francisco, CA 94126 STATE/ZIP # PLEASE MAIL CHECK OR MONEY ORDER TO: THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE a1 RULES OF THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS 1048 PERALTA STREET OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA \ NTHER must abide by these rules as CENTRAL COMMITTEE mem- Every member of the BLACK P PARTY throughout this of racist America functional members of this Party. bers, CENTRAL STAFFS, and LOCAL STAPFES, ircluding all captains subordinate to either national, state, tod local leader- ship of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY will enforce these rules. Length of suspension or other disciplinary action for violation of these cules will depend on national, state or state area, and local committees and staffs where said rule or rules of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY WERE VIOLATED. Every member of the Party must know these verbatum by heart, And apply them daily. Each member must report any violation of these rules to their leadership or they are counter- revolutionary and are also subjected to suspension by the BLACK PANTHER PARTY, THE RULES ARE: 1. No Party member can have narcotics or weed in his pos- session while doing Party work. 2. <Any Party member found shooting narcotics will be ex- pelled from this Party. 3. No Party member can be DRUNK while doing dally Party work, 4. No Party member will violate rules relating to office work, general meetings of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY, and mectings of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY ANYWHERE. Party will USE, POINT, or FIRE 4 weapon of any kind unnecessarily or accidentally ar anyone. 6. No Party member tan join any other army force other than the BLACK LIBERATION ARMY, 7. No Party member can have 4 weapon in his possession while DRUNK or loaded off narcotics or weed, 8. No Party member wi!! commit any crime against other Party members or Black people ar all, and cannot steal or take from the people, not even a needle or a plece of thread, 9, When arrested BLACK PANTHER MEMBERS will give only name, address, and will sign nothing. Legal first ald must be understood by all Party members. 10. The Ten Point Platform and Program of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY must be known and understood by each Party member, 11, Party Communications must be National and Local. 12. The 10-10-10-program should be known by all members and also understood by all members. 13, All Finance officers will operate under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Finance. 14. Each person will submit a report of daily work, 15. Each Sub-Section Leader, Section Leader, Lieutenant, and Captain must submit Daily reports of work. 16. All Panthers must learn to operate and service weapons correctly. 17. All Leadership personnel who expel a member must submit this information to the Editor of the Newspaper, so that it will be published In the paper and will be known by all Chapters and Branches. 18, Political Education Classes are mandatory for general membership, 19, Only office personnel assigned to respective offices each day should be there. All others are to sell papers and do Political work out inthe community, including Captains, Section Leaders, etc, 20, COMMUNICATIONS--all Chapters must reports in writing to the National Headquarters. 21. All Branches must Implement First Aid and/or Medical Cadres. 22. All Chapters, Branches, and components of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY must submit a monthly Financial Report to the Ministry of Finance, and also the Central Committee. 23, Everyone in a leadership position must read no Jess than two hours per day to keep abreast of the changing political situation, 24. No Chapter or Branch shall accept grants, poverty funds, money or any other aid from any government agency without contacting the National Headquarters, 25. All Chapters must adhere to the policy and the ideology laid down by the CENTRAL COMMITTEE of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY, 26. All Branches must submit weekly reports in writing to their respective Chapters. country necessary member » > NO submit weekly rn 4 THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 22 SE EE | | | | OE | fff OS ff ff OT fff PT fff | OT fff | OS | fff ET LL ff LS | | ff AS SLL oF 4S oS KOS ; ea tatatateteaeen wren e, ; < ? 65505 % ‘ OOO OO? on oO ) ‘ OOOO ata oe $ ” ~O +> KOO " October 1966 Black Panther Party Platform and Program What We Want What We Believe ~*~ x» nace rtatetets ov’ ratatat 4%", 5c Nec OSE ‘ XOXOXO x "0.0 66.6 4 areas x * x "e666 6 6. Black Panther Party 1. We want freedom. We want power to determine the destiny of our Black Community. We believe that black peop!te will not be free until we are able to deter. mine our destin 2. We want full employ ment for our people. We believe that the federal government ts responsible and obligated to give every man employment or a guaranteed income. We beheve that if the white American businessmen will not geve full employment, then the means of production should be taken from the businessmen and placed in the community so that the people of the community can organize and em ploy all of its people and give a hygh stands dof living CLL ES | fff | ff | ET ff SS ES SL | OT SS | TS LL LL SSS SS ff PEERS Sg on ey 3. We want an end to the robbery by the CAPITALIST of our Black Community We believe that this racist government has robbed us and now we are demanding the overdue debt of. forty acres and two mules. Forty acres and two mules was promised 100 years ago as restitution for slave labor and mass murder of black people. We will accept tlle payment in currency which will be distributed to our many communities. The Germans are now aiding the Jews in Israel for the genocide of the Jewish people. The Ger- mans murdered six million Jews. The American racist has taken part in the slaughter of over fifty million black people: therefore, we feel that this is a modest demand that we make 4. We want decent housing. fit for shelter of human beings. We believe that if the white landlords will not give decent housing to our black community, then the housing and the land should be made into cooperatives so that our community, with government aid, can build and make decent housing for its people. 5. We want education for our people that exposes the true nature of this decadent American society. We want education that teaches us our true history and our role in the present-day society. We believe in an educational system that will give to our people a knowl- edge of self. If a man does not have knowledge of himself and his position in society and the world, then he has little chance_to relate to anything else. 6. We want all black men to be exempt from military service. We believe that Black people. should not be forced to fight in the mifi- tary service to defend a racist government that does not protect us. We will not fight and kill other people of color in the world who, like black people, are being victimized by the white racist government of America. We will protect ourselves from the force and violence of the racist police and the racist military, by whatever means necessary. 7. We want an immediate end to POLICE BRUTALITY and MURDER of black people. We believe we can end police brutality in our black community by or- ganizing black self-defense groups that are dedicated to defending our black community from racist police oppression and brutality. The Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States gives a right to bear arms. We thefefore believe that all black people should arm themselves for self-defense . 8. We want freedom for all black men held in federal, state, county and city prisons and jails. : We believe that all black people should be released from the many jails and prisons because th+y have not received a fair and impartial trial. 9. We want all black people when brought to trial to be tried in court by a jury of their peer group or people from their black communities, as defined by the Constitution of the United States. We believe that the courts should follow the United States Constitution 30 that black people will receive fair trials. The 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution gives a man a right to be tried by his peer group. A peer is a person from a similar economic, social, religious, geographical, en- vironmental, historical and racial background. To do this the court will be forced to select a jury from the black community from which the black defendant came. We have been, and are being tried by all-white juries that have no understanding of the “average reasoning nian” of the black community 10. We want land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice and peace. And as our major political objective, a United Nations-supervised plebis- cite to be held throughout the black colony in which only black colonial subjects will be allowed to participate, for the purpose of determining the will of black people as to their national destiny. ¢ When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume, among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That; to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that, whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new government, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall scem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Pru- dence. indeed. will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and, accordingly, all experience hath shown..that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable. than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed But. when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pur- suing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them under ab- solute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such govern- ment, and to provide new guards for their future security. ination S | ‘ | . | S | N | | A | NI | N | N N ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ iN IN AN | s | N : a Ne | N N N N N , _ re a . A = nal = Fi ad : THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1970 PAGE 23 - NAME POSTERS ADDRESS STATE CASH MONEY ORDER__ CHECK _ PLUS POSTAGE ‘You can jaila revolu- | tlonary but you can’t jail the revolution, You can run a freedom fighter around the country, bat you can’t run freedom fighting around the country You can murder a lib- — @rator but you can't murder liberation,"’-- Fred Hampton, Deputy = Chairman, Il] Chapter ALBUM -- Seize the Time ALBUM--Dig by Eldridge = of the Black Panther by Elaine Brown, Black Cleaver, Minister of Infor- SS e,SCParty -- Born: August cP c p > "eC Panther Party dt oe yoni auttas Huey P. Newton, Minister of Defense, 30, 1948. Murdered by 3.50 each arty. -50 each Black Panther Party fascist pigs: Decem- ber 4, 1969. Leek ee ee —— 1,00 each Pee Chairman Bobby Seale, and 50 each Minister of Defense Huey P. Newton 1,00 each “After three hundred years of Slavery and caste oppression, unmsigated terror and torture, ‘If we worry about what's Physical and otherwise--which going to happen to us, we . continues today though opposed couldn't accomplish any- Huey P. Newton, pS by every means possible of hu- thing,..Justice is gonna Minister of Defense, man conception--while all the come when the masses of Black Panther Party time remaining faithful to this people rise up and see jus- 1.00 each government in time of war and tice done.,.The more they peace, we feel the United Na- try to come down on us, tions must give a hearing to the more we'llexpose them the plight? of Black Amer- for what they are,..PIGS,"’ icans.''--Brother Malcolm (left | t) Eldrid H shairman Bobby Seale . » Soale P. Seton Males ee ote Store : Eldridge Cleaver, Minister of ) Chairman rage Step Seale Te E oda .25 each Information, Black Panther Party Black Panther Party 4.00-eachr 1.00 each 1.00 each | , | “Wher ever death may sure prise us, it will be wel- come, provided that this, our battle cry, reach some receptive ear, that another | hand stretch out to take up ay weapons and that other men i come forward to intone our =p aes arataheac pans i She te? “am Sehgta Afro - American ‘funeral dirge with the stac- Black Panther Party : Revolutionary ‘Hope’ Slog" OM Each one teach one’ solidarity with the cato of machine guns and 1.00 each Black Studies siother and Child ate. es. Oppressed people new cries of battle and vic- f -10 each 10 each : each -10 each 10 each of the world tory,’’--Che Guevara 10 each .10 each > WTON = Mort —Tetueage (EDUCATION cad aCVRLUTION fo) KIM 11, SUNG = ELDRIDGE G CLEAVER S ALL POWER ALGIERS 3 Only on the bones TO THE PEOPLE BY of the oppressors One of our main ig each CEE LOCKWOOD ' aa == can the people’s purposes is to | The» genius of Education and Revo-| er us embody The Democratic freedom be found. unite our brothers $1.50 each On the Ideology of Huey P. Newton, lution by re thoroughly People’s Repub- the Black Panther yy er of De- Eld Hose mo P ed -- Only the and sisters in the - Minister o: Idridge Cleaver / He of K th " - . Party by Eldridge fense. B.P P Min. of Inf the revolutionary lic of Koreais the blood ofthe op- North with our Ww NS , . 0 ormation de fi pressors can fer- brothers and sis- 20 Ep \ Cleaver, Part! Introduction by: BLACK PANTHER 5Plrit of indepen- banner of free- tilize the soll for ters in the South, > -25 each Eldridge Cleaver PARTY dence, self-sus- dom and indepen- the people's self- _.10 each ° .50 @ach 25 tenance and self- dence for our rule defence in all people and the +10 each fields of state powerful weapon activity. of building soc- 26 each ; falism and com- a munism. (Report veh MLNS ROC at the Anniver- pe sary Celebration of the founding of the D,P.R.K.-— September 7, 1968) - -25 each ALL BUTTONS . y MNIMANIJAL 25 CENTS EACH pee é URBAN GUERALA ? vy rs B.I »P. MIN Capitalism Plus Caxton Marighelo BOX 2967, irae J BO ares By Michael *'Cet- CUSTOM HOUSE, ewayo”’ Tabor S.F.,.CA. 94126 (Political —Pri~ j : ¢Soner, NY 21) Minimanual of the oe Black Party, USA “25 each Panther Urban Guerrilla by Carlos Marighella 50 fd