Vol. 2, No. 25

MINISTRY OF INFORMATION BOX 2967, CUSTOM HOUSE SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94126 THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 PAGE 2 MINISTER OF EDUCATION GEORGE MURRAY A POLITICAL PRISONER In the fall of 1967 the imprisonment of Huey P, Newton began a new era of political prisongrs. People went to prison during the ‘‘civil rights’’, “‘intergration”, and ‘‘equality"’ era from 1957, beginning with the Montgomery bus boycott, up to 1965 when the Watts revolt brought an abrupt end to the ‘‘civil rights’’ (whatever these two words meant) fight. Although people were arrested during the civil rights era; many of the people who went to prison were kept there for a re- latively short time, The people who went toprison, went to shake the conscience of America -- to make the racist look at themselves. Many people filled the jails voluntarily, hoping to force America’s racist, capitalist and imperialst system to accept Black people as equals, Whites went to jail to ease their feelings of guilt of being identified with the power structure. Blacks went to jail to be accept- ed by the power structure. Both, the whites and Blacks, said they wanted ‘‘freedom”’ and ‘‘equality’’ for Black people. After the end of the civil rights era came the peace march era in which masses of people, mostly white, mobilized and marched in the major cities across the country to show the racist, capitalist, and imperialist power structure of the country that they were against the genocidal war perpetrated against the Vietnamese people by imperialism. The peace march era was from 1965 to 1968. During this time many political prisoners were incarcerated by the U.S. military. There were young men from poor and oppressed back- ground, who after entering the military, began to identify with the oppressed Vietnamese people. To mention a few, there were the Fort Hood Three -- one Black, one Brown, and one White -- all from poor backgrounds who were made political prisoners for refusing to go to Vietnam and kill Vietnamese people for the Chase Manhattan Bank, Bank of America, Standard Oil, Douglas Aircraft and all the other racist, capitalist, imperialist mon- sters of this country. Lockman and Davis -- one Black and one White -- also refused to kill the oppressed people of Vietnam and were railroaded into the stockade at the Presidio. The stock- ades of the military establishment are filled with political pri- soners waiting to be railroaded into federal.prisons. The ‘‘civil rights” era and the peace march era produced two distinct types of polticial prisoners. There is now a third type of political prisoner -- people who have been imprisoned for the political theory that they have de- veloped and put into practice, Huey P, Newton and George Murray exemplify this last type. They teach that all men have an inalien- able right to self determination -- the people have the right to determine their own political, economic, and social destinies. When Huey and George went forth to put this into practice, they informed the people that they had the right to defend themselves against all oppressors, Huey told the oppressed people that even the second amendment of this racist, capitalist, imperialist country’s constitution gave people the right to bear arms, The white bour- geoisie who wrote this amendment into the constitution in 1787 were not thinking of Black people bearing arms at that time. So Huey and George became political prisoners for asking Black people to exercise their rights as granted by the second amend- ment. The racist power structure couldn't condone the thought of Black Panther Party. On October 26, 1%8 George Murray spoke in the Commons at San Francisco State College, He said that all students should de- fend themselves against racist teachers and administrators on and off campus. The press, which is of course controlled by the power structure, stated that George Murray told students to bring guns to school -- a bareface lie, The election was near and Mickey Mouse Rafferty and Pig Head Dumke needed a scapegoat to get thme some votes. Mickey Mouse wanted to be a senator and Pig Head wanted to be appointed to trickey Dickie Nixon’s cabinet as Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare. The two pig political aspirants suspended George Murray (without the consent of Smith, the president of SFSC) hoping the racist reactionary votes would come in like a land- slide. Tricky Dickie won the election, but didn’t want Pig Head Dumke, Mickey Mouse Rafferty was defeated by a luckewarm liberal named Cranston. George was Systematically used by racist Politicians for their own ends, Racist Alioto and Pig Cahill had to find a way to put George in prison fast because he was developing as one of the most arti- culate spokesmen for oppressed people in the country, George was on one year probation which to end in April, so the racists had to move fast. They tried to jail him for violation of probation for “inciting to riot’? and ‘‘speaking at an illegal rally’’ on a warrant issued by Hayakawa. Attorney Charles Garry blew the judge. Mad Dog Axelrod, away, and they had to let George keep his freedom, The racist followed George everywhere. They had to but him for something before his probation was up. On a rainy night while George and another brother were driving on the Bayshore Freeway on their way to Palo Alto, they noticed a car following them, They saw that it was a Highway Patrol vehicle. When George and his friend turned off the freeway, a Sheriffs patrol car came off the ramp, made a‘‘U’’ turn, and started following them. The pigs were playing cat and mouse. Suddenly eight pig patrol cars converged on George and his campanion. They put their 357 magnums to George and his campanion’s heads and said, ‘‘If you move, we will blow your brains out.’’ Another pig said that he saw George with a gun, The pigs hand cuffed George and his friend and put them in a patrol car. While they were in the car, a highway patrol pig walked up with a gun saying he had found it in George’s car, George had never seen the gun before, Either the pig planted it or merely made up the story about finding it. Attorney Charles Garry cross-examined the pig who said he had found the gun in George’s car, and the pig claimed that he had\ seen George with the gun before they vamped on him. Garry com- pletely destroyed the legal validity of the pig’s story, but that didn’t matter as far as Axelrod was concerned. He had a reason to imprison George. Axelrod showed the people, by making an example of George Murray, that there is not such thing as a fair and impartial trial in this oppressive country, George Murray was jailed as a probation violator without a trial of any kind. George’s crime was that he had a political theory that he put into practice and was influencing too many people, George Murray could have been the kind of ‘‘negro’’ the racist wanted him to be, He could have been a successful ‘‘negro’’ who pulled himself up by his own bootstraps andall that typical American racist rhetoric. He was one of 14 children born in Mississippi, raised in the church, ordained a minister at a young age, earned a B.A, degree at a young age, and is at present only a few units shy of earning his masters. He could be working on his Ph, D., probably at Stanford, and teaching Shakespearean literature like a model ‘‘negro’’, George Murray decided instead to become what Huey P, Newton calls a dedicated revolutionist -- ‘‘an ox to be ridden by the people’’. There may be many pollitical prisoners in the future, but-no matter how many George Murrays this oppressive government jails, it can never stop the people if the people put the principles of self-determination into practice. Power to the People Terry Collins Party has been established around three years, the principle that the Black Panther Party was estab- lished upon has spread throughout the United States. And everywhere in the United States today the people are beginning to understand that ‘‘all power belongs to the people’’ and that ‘‘political power comes through the barrel of a gun.”” And it is because of principles like those two that we just stated that the Black Panther Party means So much to the people and the sac- rifice made for the people by the Minister of Defense has such great significance, If we check out what has been happening in the United States within the last three years, then we will understand that the force that the movement has today began with the impetus that was given to the movement by the Minister of Defense of the Black Panther Party, Huey P, Newton. And we do not haye that much to say ex- SPEECH BY THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION (recorded at the Huey P, Newton Birthday Benefit Celebration, Feb- ruary 16, 1969) It’s difficult to come behind Baby ‘D’, But if there’s anyone who can approach coming behind Baby ‘D’, it’s the next person on the program, And he is the person who is setting the pace nationally and internationally on the college campus. Because it was George Murray, the Minister of Educa- tion of the Black Panther Party who was given the inspiration and contributed much to the leader- ship of the Third World Libera- tion Movement on the campus of San Francisco State College and which has spread across the face of this country and across the face of this world. So I give you now, Minister of Education of the Black Panther Party, Mr. George Mur- ray. It’s very good to be here with the brothers and sisters tonight. And it is a very happy occasion that we are here on, We were talking today earlier to some members of the Third World com- munity in Sacramento. And we were talking about the sacrifice that the Minister of Defense, Huey P, Newton of the Black Panther Party, and the significance of that Sacrifice to the movement in the United States. And we were mar- veling at the fact that although the cept that it is only necessary for us to follow the examples of the Min- ister of Defense; to follow the ex- ample of Alprentice “‘Bunchy” Carter; to follow the example of Little Bobby Hutton; to follow the example of the Chairman of the Party, Bobby Seale; to follow the example of the Minister of Infor- mation, Eldridge Cleaver. And if we do those things, then we will be a’ peoples’ warrior, We do not need many speech makers today; but we need a people who will establish the principles, follow- ing the examples of the brothers that we just mentioned, along with other brothers who fought and gone down in the world. It is absolutely necessary for everybody here to participate in making the revolution, It is not sufficient for, let’s say, 10% of the people in the audience tonight to accept the principles upon which the Party was founded and just about 10% to carry it out. It is necessary for all of us to be peoples’ warriors, because the situation that the people are involy< ed in is one that is hellish, one that is totally destructiy to the people. And it’s up to us‘° Change it. The Minister of Defense has, as we said earlier, made avery great sacrifice -- sacrificing his blood in the streets of West Oakland, sacrificing the most beautiful part of a person's life which has some- times been called a person’s *tyouth’’ for the people in the penitentiary. But we know that his sacrifice had been to great avail. It has meant very much to the people because the entire impetus for the movement, especially at San Francisco State, especially in the Bay Area, especially in Cali- fornia, especially throughout the country, the mark, the pace has been set by the Minister of De- fense and the general membership of the Black Panther Party. And we must be very thankful to the Minister of Defense and to the Chairman, Bobby Seale for their courage to organize the people around such principles. Because it was 15 ‘‘crazy niggers’’ in North Oakland that stood up with the gun and saying that, ‘‘political power comes through the barrel of a gun’’ that spreaded that mess- age throughout the western hemis- phere, especially throughout the imperialist domains of North America, And it is up to each one of us here and everybody that we know to continue to wage the strug- gle. And it is in the interest of the: continuence of the struggle that this program was presented to- night. The Minister of Defense said in the tape that was played here earlier that we must find excuses to come together as we have to- night in order to reassure each other of our solidarity and at the same time understand that we must be self-reliant. We cannot look to the National Liberation Front of Viet Nam or our Cuban broth- ers or the brothers that are fight- ing on the various fronts in Africa to wage the struggle and bring about the changes that have to be brought about here in the United States, It is up to us to make the revolution, to break the system, to smash it, shatter it, and de- stroy it, as brother Lenin said, and to LIBERATE THE PEOPLE, (applause), And ‘this can only be done through actions based upon some of the principles that we chose to fight upon at San Fran- cisco State, which we were taught about the Black Panther Party, those principles being: -- a fight to the death to end “‘white supremacy” and racism, -- a fight to the death to make sure that all the peoples of the Third World, all human beings in the world have a right to deter- mine their social, and educational, and economic, and political des- tiny, -- and the third principle upon which we are fighting is the prin- ciple that was stated by the Min- ister of Information, brother El- dridge Cleaver, when he said, “ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE.” If we fight on the basis of those three principles, then all the medi- cine, all of the wealth, all the natural resources, all the man- sions, all the power will be re- turned to the people. And it’s ab- solutely necessary for us to con- tinue to engage in the struggle. Tonight we must leave here with a new determination that we’re going to resolutely follow the ex- ample of the Minister of Defense. And therefore ‘at this time we’d like to bring,to’you, brother Masai, the brother who is leading the chapter in Los Angeles, California where our Deputy Minister of In- formation and Deputy Minister of Defense were murdered. And this brother has stood up in the cul- tupal nationalist jungle of Los Angeles to defy the power struc- ture, to defy the cultural natural- ists, the lackies, the black pigs of the power structure to let them know that the vanguard, the Black Panther Party is here to stay and we're going to lead the people in a victorious struggle, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE (applause). THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 PAGE 3 ~ Huey P. Newton and Attorney Charles Garry NO JUSTICE FOR BLACK PEOPLE Thursday night in Berkeley, Charles Garry, Chief attorney for the Black Panther Party, address- ed members of the A,C.L.U, and an all white audience. Attorney Garry gave a very Scintillating speech on Black Justice, Stating that Black Justice is the equivalent to no justice, Garry followed up by saying, ‘‘he was surprised that.there weren’t any people from the Black Com- munity.”’ He also mentioned that the judicial system in the United States was corrupt, and so long as white America sits by and allows’ it to happen, that Black people and other oppressed people could never have justice. From listening to Garry it ‘should have become very clear that the A,.C.L.U, must begin to attack the Pig judicial system, that has proven case after case, the only justice in racist America is for the Pig, by the Pig, and of the Pig. Eighty percent of the people that appear in court are minorities. Freedom is seldom granted, This -is why point #8 states ‘‘We want freedom for all Black men held in federal, state, county and city prisons and jails,” We believe that all Black people should be released from the many jails and prisons because they have not received a fair and im- partial trial. And point #9 which reads, ‘‘We want all Black people when brought to trial to be tried in court by a jury of their peer group or people from their Black communities, as defined by the Constitution of the United States.”’ We believe that the courts should follow the United States Constitu- tion so that Black people will receive fair trials. The 14th Amendment of the United States Constitution gives a man a right Towards A New Unionism This is an introduction to a series of articles which will deal with Unionism in this country. Where it’s been, where it is, where it must go, It is important to understand the economic exploita- tion as the basis for the political structure in a capitalistic society. I will attempt to deal not only with the theory of Unionism, but will offer suggestions as to how this theory can be implemented, This country needs a new kind of union, one that wil] maintain the virtues of the older unions but will take the lead in reacting to the problems that have arisen in the last 15 years. This newunion would be as revolutionary and ready for struggle as the CIO unions in the days of its birth; and as revellious and libertarian in spirit as the old IWW. Here are some of the things it might do to solve the problems that’s plaguing the labor movement today; It must orient itself toward an independent role in politics, serv- ing as the focus for a REALIGN- MENT to include the more militant unionists, the millions of people who would like to see a genuinely indigenous LABOR-RADICAL co- alition movement in this country, Such a union could enrich its inner life, raising the political, intellec- tual and cultural levels of its membership, rooting out alltraces of racial prejudice and fiercely guarding its democratic tradition. What is most disturbing about the current situation in Labor and what constitutes the greatest possible source of bureaucratic malforma- tion is that, there is no significant opposition to the leadership, REV- OLUTION NOT EVOLUTION. The people must organize caucuses in- side their union, and take over its leadership by winning its elections, THAT IS PRACTICE, Kenny Horston Director Black Panther Caucus, U.A.W. to be tried by his peer group. A’ peer is a person from a similar | economic, social, religious, geo- graphical, environmental, histor- ical and racil background. To do this the court will be’ forced to select a jury from the Black com- munity from which the Black de- fendant came, We have been, and are being, tried by all-white juries that have no understanding of the “average reasoning man’’ of the Black community, or why the Black Panther Party exists, Did Huey Newton receive a fair trial? You must begin to retaliate against the forces that are op- pressing the people, Because Ronnie Baby is not half-steppin! Black people must begin to par- ticipate as jurors. What Racist America fails to realize is that America is slowly crumbling at her feet, and that Black people will accelerate this process, be- Dick Gregory Dick Gregory, Black comedian and civil rights leader, lost an appeal to the Supreme Court today challenging his conviction in a Chicago street sit-in demonstra- § tion. Mr. Gregory contended that he | had been tried illegally because a juror who had said she did not “believe in demonstrations’’ and that they ‘‘do not have a proper place in our society’? had been allowed to participate, pal Mr. Gregory was convicted of resisting a peace officer and of other charges in April, 1966, and sentenced to five months in prison and a $1,400fine, The sentence was postponed for his appeal. The high court made no comment in refusing to hear Mr. Gregory’s case. The comedian-writer was one of about 300 people who sat down at the intersection of Balbo and Col- umbus streets in Chicago on the afternoon of June 11, 1965, stopping traffic. The Appellate Court of Illinois, ruling against Mr. Gregory last May, said he had kicked and bitten policeman who had told him to get up. cause they’re not asking for any- more handouts, they’re going after what belongs to them, Garry told the people that these last 18 months have been the most frustrating in his illustrious 31 year career, dating back to 1938, Even Bobby Dylan’s ‘‘Mr. Jones’’ could have understood what Garry was referring to. Obviously he was talking about the Black Panther Party and the constant harrassment that they have re- ceived from the *‘ Pig Power struc- ture, And Huey P. Newton, whom Garry describes, ‘tas the most lovable human being he has ever met.”’ And how the Pig Power structure railroaded him to pri- son. And how the judiciary sys- tem moved against Eldridge Cleaver's constitutional right to due process of law and the pre- sumption of innocence, Justice comes hard, ‘‘What are we going to do?’ Loses Appeal SID WALTON RESIGNS Dr. Harold T. Santee, Supt. Palo Alto United School District 25 Churchill Avenue Palo Alto, California 94306 Dear Dr. Santee: At the urging of the Black Com- munity I came to Palo Alto with the belief that this community which nestles in the shadows of Stanford University was ready to develop a meaningful program designed to create multi-racial understanding and human inter- action, From the very beginning I have been honest with Palo Alto, and even though I have been condemned for my stand, at no time have I regretted that I said, ‘‘Free’’, and that I support the platform and program of the Black Panther Party. It was my sincere hope to achieve the implementation of the Multi- cultural Activities Program by way of student andteacher involve- ment, community control, and ad- ministrative responsiveness. My own responsiveness to the urgings of the Black Community was strongly influenced by a statement in the QUIET CRISIS distributed by the Palo Alto Mothers for Equal Education: “In minority ghettos, the educa- tional inadequacies of students are primarily academic and can be revealed by standardized tests. There are not yet tests to demon- strate the inadequacies in a white ghetto education, but they are there and THEY ARE IMPORTANT, We cannot wait twenty years to find that our children are too naive, too rigid, too tense with ‘‘dif- * fernet’’ people, too closed to new ileas, to make their way in a rapidly changing world. California is: the home of people of many cul- tures, and our children should be learning about all of them. But it is especially tragic, considering the nearness, size, and vitality of the Black community.east of Bay- shore, that we continue to be cul- turally isolated. We must find more east-of-Bayshore neighbors and cooperate with them in developing solutions NOW/”’ Obviously, the statement does not reflect the attitude of Palo Alsto as is evidenced by the fact that a local newspaper’s editorial stated that I had been subjected to the ‘‘most sustained attack ever directed at a lone individual in Palo Alto public life.’’ This fact coupled with anonymous threats. upon my life and the actual attack upon my son on February 11, 1969 leaves me with the conclusion that much humanization must take place in Palo Alto, for without human- ization there can beno integration. My goal is to work for the lib- eration of Black people from the oppressive conditions of a white- controlled society; and I believe that this can best be done WORKING WITHIN the Black Community to achieve DIRECT RESULTS rather than fighting white racism in the white community to achieve in- direct results, The Black Community feels that the guilt of Martin Luther King’s assassination is wearing off and Palo Alto is ‘getting \back to bus- iness as usual’’s"Thus, \have-been urged to come back home to the Black Community, Andin response to these urgings by the east-of- Bayshore Black Community, | feel that it is appropriate at this time to inform you that I am resigning from the position of Coordinator of Multicultural) Activities effec- tive June 30, 1969. My work must continue where Palo Alto’s humanity ends --east- of-Bayshore in the Black Com- munity. To quote Martin Luther King, ‘‘Free at last, Free at last, Great God Almighty, I'm free at last|”* THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 PAGE 4 1 Wes just trying to be Black | A ORG Se yy \ Are you Just Trytug to be Black too Nigger ? ‘THOUGHTS FOR NEGROES’ Negroes dwell at the doors of death, and we speak the truth to move them to the doors of peace and freedom. Yet they have no faith, They rfuse to believe in us. Can’t they also see what is taking place? Are they so tricked by the ways of racism, that they see racism in us? Why don’t they hear what we speak in their own ears, without learning of our phil- osophy, from means set up by the racist system. Froma system, that will twist what we say to make our words, deeds, and acts, continue to make you fear us, We know you live among whites and find that they are not all racist, Then you hear your white friends, categorize par- ticipants in the Black liberation struggle, as Anti-Whites, be- tause of fear put into them so they will help to promote racism is this country, to support it tothe end. The Militants, or the People’s Army and supporters of Black Freedom are not Anti-White but Anti-Racism. Nixon, Humphrey, Wallace, Regan, andtheir likes are our enemies, not your neighbors who are non-racist. (N.H.W.R. and their likes), They are fighting among themselves, without ethics, pride, dignity, or fair play. Like . animals fighting to gain the most highest office in this land, And you look at us like animals because we want to change this maddness, not only to make America a better place to live, but also to end the mass murder of Black people. Every hungry person inthe world should not be hungry. Every person should not have to live in poverty, wear rags, or be forced by their - basic needs to slaves to another man, The racist tells you to take birth control pills to kill, to murder Black Families In White America Reviewed by Melvin D, Newton BLACK FAMILIES IN WHITE AMERICA is a definitive socio- logical work which describes the varying structures of Black fam- ilies, as they existed in Africa €njoying a state of equilibrium) through their unbelievable survival in hostile, racist America, The author, using a systemic approach examines Black families in re- lationship to various major institu- tions, none of which show positive systemic linkage which supports or encourages the existence of Black families. In order to give the reader a true perspective of the Black family, the author explores the history of Black families. With the presentation of this history, it is possible for the reader to ap- preciate the trauma of forced re- moval from Africa and interjec- tion into the perverse life of Amer- ica. Rather than (as often has been the case with sociologists) depict Black families as examples of social disorganization, the author delineates the marked resilence of Black families along with their ability to survive under unprece- dented disagreeable conditions. The ability of the family to arrange and rearrange its structural units in order to survive is shown as evidence of flexibility of organiza- tion rather than a social disorgan- ization. Contrary to conclusions that the family evidences a dys- functional state if the father (who can’t find work) leaves in order to qualify the family for financial assistance, Billingsley points out that this may be evidence of ‘‘con- cern for the welfare of their chil- dren.” This is functional. As a final note, I wish to commend the author for his statement that ‘‘the major problem facing Negro people is not stability, as such, but the ability to survive while being black in a white society.’’ What has enabled the Black family to survive _is its flexibility. , lifé that might have existed if you had not, Yet you do not see the real truth, a very sad real truth. They argue that it is wicked or cruel to allow a child birth when you cannot support it, and give it all the luxuries of life, or enough opportunity to gain happiness for himself or herself. You, the poor people jump at this bait of death, accepting the phil- osophy. Yet is that the reason why you take the pill? I think not, I believe the pill is taken, for sexual freedom to some, sexual escalation, and sexual protection. Some take it because they are drowning in bills, because the kids are becoming too rebellious, but’ few, very take it because of thoughts of the unborn child. These reasons the racist throws upon you, bears examining. Why do you feel the need for sexual freedom, escalation and pro- tection. Why are you drowning in bills? Why are your kids becom- ing so rebellious every new gen- eration? I'll tell you why, because of the ways of racism. They are planning mass extermination of Planning mass extermination of people they consider despensible. They will not only succeed in their plot but make money on top of that if something isn’t done, and soon, Negroes and Blacks alike, along with other poor people are losing their usefullness to the racist system, In this system we have always been forced by the need of bread to do the racists bidding, and labor with our hands, never with our minds never with our beautiful Black minds. Haven't you negroes, poor and well off, noticed how machines is taking the place of hundreds of laborers who labor for means of survival who can no longer survive when there is no labor. For that is all that they know. What good then are they to society un- less they retrain theirselves. And many will not be ableto retrain and they will lost. Many will retrain to find their present training made obsolete, By a new machine, The slaves who have toiled the fields of manking throughout the pages of history are no longer needed, these slaves were Black. They are to the racist obsolete, a burden, to.their society and to their system. In their eyes some people must go. America is becoming too popu- lated, so who must go? Too many people on welfare, so who must go? Too many people committing crimes, so who must go? Who my ass!! We are the who, who must go’ and you too negro!! By Van Keys East Oakland Branch ‘SQUALOR’ IN BLACK COMMU “Squalor’’ is a word that people associate with places such as South Africa, Vietnam, Central and South America, ‘‘Squalor’’ is a word that is also prevalent in the Black community. The existing conditions in the Black community are such that no human being should be subjected to looking at them, much less living in them, The great American dream can be more visibly defined as the great American fallacy or hypoc- risy. A great exemplification of this is the modern day tragedy taking place at 2148-56 W. Jack- son in Chicago, where 53 people manage to eke out a meager exist- ence. The conditions under which these Black people live is one of the greatest atrocities perpetrated on mankind. The building these Black people are forced to live in, ~ “pig power structure’’ (and I say forced because they are unable to afford anything else) is rat infested, lacking heat and water, no electric lighting, toilets that can’t be flushed, broken win- dows, and sheer filth and dec- adence in the halls. Everytime we pick up a news- paper or turn on the television, we look at ‘tricky Dick’’ Nixon or Lynchon ‘‘Beans’’ Johnson brag- ging about the wealth of this racist society. Yet, all this poverty exists, not just in Chicago, but all over this country, predominantly in the Black communities. Yet, the can send three billion dollars up in the sky to look at the moon and spend mil- lions upon millions of dollars in Vietnam conducting genocide on our brothers of color over there. And to think that this same piggish establishment can’t give Black NITIES people decent housing fit for the shelter of human beings, which is point #4 of the Black Panther Party’s Ten-Point Platform and Program, This is unbelievable. The Irony of the situation is that the establishment politicians, when running for office, come into these same Black communities with alot of repetitious rhetoric on how they are going to improve Black people’s conditions if they will give their vote to the aforemen- tioned politician, low long are we going to toler- ate this absurd nonsense? When are we going to organize with a true revolutionary perspective? Time is of the essence, The time for organization is NOW. So ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE, BLACK POWER TO BLACK PEOPLE, AND PANTHER POWER TO THE VAN- GUARD, ‘‘Right On!" THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, N Berkeley Gets Beating, But Not Beaten Yet by Paul Glusman LIBERATION News Service BERKELEY (LNS) -- Thirty- seven people were arrested and a large number injured in the heaviest day so far inthe Berkeley Third World strike. On Thursday, Feb. 13, after a large rally, student strikers set up a picket line at Sather Gate on the campus completely en- circling a smaller informational line set up by the Teaching Assistants union (AFT 1570). Highway patrolmen and sheriffs deputies moved back the larger line, leaving the AFT line un- touched. The AFT line was’ then encircled and all 17 persons on it were arrested. Later police charged into student crowds and made random arrests. Clifford Vaughs, a black reporter for a Los Angeles radio station, was severely beaten by sheriff’s deputies. After his arrest, he was again beaten in the police station. He is now hospitalized and being held on $3,500 bail, charged with assault on an officer. Several stu- dents were injured; one had all of his front teeth knocked out. One Sheriff's deputy was later sur- rounded and beaten by students. Most arrestees are being held on charges of obstructing pedestrian twaffic, The AFT is now certainly going to strike because its peaceful Picket line was busted, and it will probably be given strike sanction by the Alameda County Central Labor Council, On Feb, 14, faculty members set up an informational picket line, the first pro-strike activity by faculty since the strike began three weeks ago. The campus is totally oc- cupied by police and is being run from Sacramento by Ronald Reagan “through Alameda County Sheriff Frank Madigan. Chancellor Roger Heyns has been bypassed and pub- licly criticized by the Governor for his indecisiveness in the early Stages of the strike. Strike support has grown, Fri- day’s line was one of the largest since the strike began, despite a heavy rain. I agree that a man is innocent until proven guilty, but once the guilt is reasonably well estab- lished, as it is in this case, I want justice by way of the ‘‘so-called’”’ due process of law. I want Justice meted out just as rapidly as it would have been if this had been a Black man who was WITNESSED beating a9-year old white child. I don’t want the machinery to slow down when it’s a white man in a white community who is guilty of beating a 9-year old Black child. District Attorney Alex Singleton on Thursday, February 13, 1969, at 11:20 a.m, refused to file my complaint against the white coward Milton Stocking who can beat a nine-year old child yet fears con- fronting the child’s father, Singleton in the style of a racist Mississippi D,A, coldy stated that he ‘‘didn’t think that there was suf- ficient cause to file a complaint." He can tell that to his mama because I’m not buying it. Singleton further stated, ‘‘Ithink this is a case that deserves more investigation,”” and he implied that my attorney should do the investi- gating. Singleton is seemingly respond- ing to racist-like involvement of MARCH 9,1969 PAGE 5 2 or possibly 3 administrators who are attempting to cover up and con- fuse the facts of this case with irrelevant side-issues having no bearing on the fact that MILTON STOCKING ATTACKED AND BEAT MY 9-YEAR OLD SON, KEVIN WALTON ON TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 1969. Deal with that Fact! Answer these questions: 1) What does the system of ‘‘so- called Justice in Palo Alto do to a white adult who stops his car on the street, gets out and proceeds to beat a 9-year old Black child? 2) Why wasn’t child attacker Milton Stocking arrested Tuesday February 11, 1969? 3) Why is a child beater allowed to roam the streets of Palo Alto? 4) Why must school children have their safety indanger because of the continued freedom of this child beater who struck fear into the heart of an 18-year old male youth and terrified a little 5-year old girl who witnessed the beating? 5) Will Mississippi style justice prevail in Palo Alto, California? Parents who have children in schools where Milton Stocking works should keep their children home until the man is apprehended. The streets of Palo Alto are not safe for chidren until Milton Stocking is brought before the bar of justice! Right now, I feel that the estab- lishment in Palo Alto is just as Racist as Mississippi. If you want to know what I'll do ask yourself what you would do if it was your child; addthe dehuman- izing oppression of Black people by white people to that; be a man and you'll know what I’m going to do if Milton Stocking isn’t brought before the bar of Justice. I will not tolerate Mississippi style justice in Palo Alto when my son is involved, The establishment is trying to cover up for Stocking with lies as told by Los Altos Police Chief Roland Renshaw in Wednesday’s Palo Alto Times (Feburary 12, 1969), If you want the facts and state- ments of what I said I will pro- vide you with copies of a statement that I mailed to both Departments and I have yet to receive any response, This was sent in early December 1968. For furthdér information contact: Attorney Harry B. Bremond 801 Welch Road, Palo Alto, Calif. 327-4881 LA. College Blasts May Be Linked Los Angeles A bomb that exploded at a south Los Angeles college may have been connected to blasts at two of the Claremont colleges | that injured a young secre- |tary, a sheriff's deputy | said yesterday. The deputy said the time bomb went off in a classroom fat Southwest College |Wednesday night was nearly! |identical to two that exploded |within minutes of each other Tuesday at Scripps and Po- mona Colleges. two of the as- sociated colleges at Clare- mont. The injured secretary, Mary Ann Keatley. 20, lost two fingers and may lose her eyesight. ; Members of the Black Stu- dents Union at the Associat- ed colleges of Claremont who went into hiding after the incident, returned to classes yesterday. Dr. Mark H. Curtis. Pro- vost of the colleges, said the black students had been in hiding “with our assistance” hecause of the fear ‘‘there might be retaliation” The Richmond Police are con- tinuing their efforts to brak the strike of Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers, Local 1-561, against the Standard Oil Company of Calif. The Standard refinery in Rich- mond has been the scene of con- tinual harrassment of union pickets by police since the strike began early in January. The latest incidents occurredon Wednesday, Feb. 19th, when over 200 Bay Area students, mostly from S,F, State andU,C, Berkeley, joined the OCAW picket lines under the mutual aid pact that has been established between the striking oil workers and the striking stu- dents and teachers inthe Bay Area. About 8:15 A.M., Mrs. Anna Moore, wife of a striking oil worker, after doing picket duty, was returning to her car with her 21 year old son, Mike Moore. A Richmond police officer rushed up, grabbed Mrs. Moore by the arm, twisting it so hardbehindher back, that he broke off half her fingernail, Mike Moore was struck over the head by the policeman when he protested the treatment of his mother. Mrs. Moore was rushed to Broodside emergency for treatment for a badly sprained arm and her son was treated for a large welt on his head, Mr. Al Moore, on the picket line at the time, heard about the bru- tality used against his family and asked Sgt. Ledford, Richmond Police Force, who had formerly been a fellow worker with Mr. Moore at Standard, why this had been done, The Sargent said that the police couldn’t tell the dif- 4‘ UDENTS AN ORKERS JOI ference between the workers and “the others’’. (Meaning the stu- dents). It is doubtful that Mrs. Moore, who has a 21 year old son, could have been mistaken for a student from S,F, State or Ber- keley, This can only mean that the Richmond police force has been acting under a more powerful in- fluence in Richmond and has orders to treat oil workers and their families as police have been treating the students at S,F, State and U.C. Berkeley. At 6:30 AM on the same day, Feb, 19th, Robert Avadian, a stu- dent and Terry Turnquist, mem- ber of Local 1-561, OCAW, were making a phone callfrom a PUBLIC phone booth at the Standard Serv- ice Station near the Freeway and Castro, Standard Oil Fire Mar- shall, Roy Krallman, of 5839Sher- wood Forest Drive, El Sobrante, Telephone 223-3336, pointed out Avadian and Turnquist to the Rich- mond police, who pulledthem from the phone booth, pushed them up against the car, smashed Avadians knuckles with a club, and arrested them. Bob Avadian was booked under Richmond Penal Code 594-148 re- sisting arrest. He was releasedon $440.00 bail. Terry Tournquist was a problem because the police had nothing to book him on, However, being very resourceful at this type of think, the Police came up witha charge. He was booked on penal code 11.24010. For those who don’t know, tis is a rarely used law which covers the illegal possession of a slingshop, The ‘‘sling-shot’’ was supposed to have been-found -- under the back seat of the car in which Tournquist was driving. He does not own the car, His bail was $315.00, Break the union and break the heads of the union workers seems to be the aim of the “law and order forces of Richmond,’ In another incident Wednesday, the police broke up a mass picket line at Gate 31 of the Standard refinery, Just as the police were ready to move in the shortwave radio in the union headquarters that is used to monitor police calls picked up the following message to the police at Gate 31, ‘‘The long- shoremen are coming, cool it!’’ The longshoremen, Local 10, ILWU were greeted with the song ,‘*Sol- idarity Forever,’’ as they piled off the bus. This is not the first time the police have backed down from a , confrontation with the longshore- men who are supporting the oil workers. On Tuesday, Feb. 18th, a picket line of oil workers ‘in Martinez was being workedwover ‘by. the police. A call-went into the OCAW 1-561 for hip, The police thought it was a call to the ILWU andwhen the cars of workers, wearing red helmets and carrying sturdy picket signs drove up, the police were vitally sWaken and withdrew their attack, A spokesman for the Richmond Local 1-561 saidthatthe solidarity that has developed around the oil strike is ‘‘the beginning of the revival of labor’s old traditions of solidarity with everyone who is fighting for social justice.” THE’ BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 PAGE 6 WHITE REPRRESSION AND BLACK RESPONSE The Mississippi power struc- ture and elements of the Federal Government appear to be joining hands in an all-out effort to crush Black militancy in Jackson, Mis- sissippi. But Blacks have respond- ed with increased militance andre- sistance to white racism and Uncle Tom opposition. At the present time, activity centers around the Georgetown community in the city of Jackson and the Tougaloo Col- lege campus near Jackson. Howard Spencer, Director of the Jackson Human Rights Project and the Black and Proud Liberation School in the Georgetown com- munity, has been constantly ha- rassed by groups of whites identi- PANT OVER It is ironic to even have to write an article such as this, however, it is necessary. This article ex- poses the true nature of this racist, decadent society, because it is based on fact. The Black Panther Party re- ceived a telephone call from a Black woman February 19th. The woman told the Party that she had no food, medical aid, or money, The woman, Mrs. Eddiemae Mit- chell lives in East Oakland. The following in a statement made by Mrs. Mitchell and the statement of a Panther that was sent to in- vestigate the complaint. Mrs. Mitchell is a widow with four children. Her children range from thirteen thru seventeen. She lives from the benefits of her husband’s death claim. The young- est of her children is confined to a wheel chair, and the only food” he can digest is baby food. The most nutritious food he is allowed fying themselvesas F, B,I. agents. The attacks on Spencer came to a head with a frame-up mari- juana and concealed weapon charge which may carry a five-year pri- son sentence for him, Residents of the Georgetown community, other Black Jackson- ians and parents whose children attend the Black and Proud School moved to defend Spencer and the Human Rights Project. The Georgetown Defense Committee has conducted an intensive polit- ical education program to alert other Blacks to the frame-up na— ture of Spencer’s arrest. The Black parents carried out the pro- gram in the face of threats and HER PO intimidations the Jackson Police easels The Jackson Police responded by adding 50 extra patrolmen and 49 new vehicles to patrol Jack- son’s Black communities. Mayor Allen Thompson stated on Jackson T.V. that the police force was increased to stop mounting crime. He cited three recent incidents of Black men accused of raping white women--the traditional ex- cuse for Klue Klux Klan lynch- ings. The community, with the help of Spencer, Black activist Muham- mad Keyatta and others, has kept the Black and Proud School oper- ating in spite of bomb threats, Muhammad Kenyatta (formerly WER PIG POWER to have is milk because of his physical condition. Mrs. Mitchell said he requires special medical care. It was obvious to the in- vestigating Panther that he was not getting it. Mrs. Mitchell told the investi- gating Panther that she receives $350.00 per month, from this sum she pays $70,00 rent. She also has to pay utilities, buy food, clothes, and medicine for the youngest child, When asked more about her younger son, Mrs, Mit- chell said that the only thing the pig power structure wants to give her is a new wheel-chair. They could care less whether he ever walks or not. Before she could even get the chair, her doctor would have to see the pig power Structure down town so the pig could rest assured that they were not being cheated out of anything. In addition to this absurd situation, the child was receiving no medical attention what so ever. Prior to her husbands death Mrs. Mitchell received $218.00 per month from the Pig Welfare De- partment. Mrs. Mitchell’s health was very poor, she needed dental care very badly but cound not afford it. There was no food in the house. The Black Panther Party went forth and gave the sister food for her and her hungry children. The sister was advised as to what doc- tor to go to for medical aid (free of charge) for her and her family. This is only one case where a Black family is denied life, lib- erty, and the pursuit of happiness. The Black Panther Party is deal- ing with this shit and serving the people, The investigating Panther stated, ‘You should have seen how the little brother’s and sister’s faces lit up when they saw the Vanguard come through the door.” Donald Jackson) teaches Black History to students 10 through 14 years old. Kenyatta has also been active in Black awareness projects all over the city of Jackson and at near-by Tougaloo College. Tou- galoo College, which has a his- tory of white liberal teachers and administrators controlling an all- Black student body, has been the scene of frequent protests over recent years, Last semester, the Tougaloo Freshman class boy- cotted classes, demonstrated and threatened to burn down a white faculty members’ office. The boy- cott and protests came after the college refused freshman demands for a Black-oriented Social Science curriculum and more Black professors, Kenyatta and other students from all classes joined the freshman’s fight which ended in a partial victory with curriculum charges, Recently an unexplained fire gutted a part of the same building that students had earlier threatened, The build- ing houses mostly white faculty and offices for white administra- tors. Now, Tougaloo students are or- ganizing and agitating for a com- plete Black studies program that would be controlled and taught by Blacks and lead to a Bachelor De- gree in African and Afro-Ameri- can Studies. On February 6, one- third of the student body plus people from the Georgetown Com- munity joined together at a rally in Tougaloo to hear Spencer, Ken- yatta, militant Black professor Charles Jones plus student lead- ers, James Reed and Joseph Frye, conduct a teach-in on the need for a Black Studies Program, Quickly, the forces of racism and their Negro lackeys moved to suppress this growing student unity. A primary target is Ken- yatta, Last week, while visiting a friend on campus, Kenyatta was the literal target of mysterious gun-fire that blasted through the front windows of his automobile, missing his head by inches, Later the shooting was explain- ed by Tougaloo’s Negro Presi- dent, Owens and others as a re- sponse to an attempted robbery of the men’s dormitory, After- wards, a college: official, Dean Holloway, charged Kenyatta with attempted burglary before a white Mississippi Judge in Madison County--a county whose judges are infamous for their automatic de- cisions against Black people and civil rights workers since the voter registration movement of the early 1960's James Reed and other Tougaloo student activists are campaign- ing now to have the case brought before the student body and to have Kenyatta judged by other Black people, Kenyatta has turned himself over to the local authori- ties voluntarily as ‘‘an expression of my belief that my innocence will be proved.” Many people believe that Spencer’s arrest and Kenyatta’s arrest are linked to their Black awareness activities on the cam- pus and in the community, The belief is that white authorities and police agents with the help of | Negro toms are trying to create the false impression that Black Power militants are criminal thugs and to promote hostility be- tween Blacks. Other signs of F,BI, style in- trigue are a series of anonymous notes sent to Tougaloo students, One note attempted’ to»slander Spencer. Other notes have threat- ened the lives of two students and have been obvious efforts to incite another attempt .on Ken- yatta’s life. ; But Black-oriented activity con— tin in spite of arrests, inti- midation and near-killings. Blacks are responding by setting up de- fense mechanisms of all kinds, at all levels, Howard Spencer and the Jackson Human Rights Proj- ect continues its program of com- munity organization and education for Black liberation. THIR “The recent flurry of Third World struggles on campuses across the United States contains within it the seeds of both quantitative and qualitative change in the Move- ment. A major blowis being struck against the racist power structure by the actions and politics of Third World militants. Despite desperate attempts by the ruling class to divide minority groups -- to encourage Black to fight Brown, Browfi to fight Yellow -- the new coalition is finding itself stwrength- ened, Each racial group has its own distinct problems, yet insome way people have come to realize the existence of shared interests. Whites, as members of the most favored RACIAL group in this country, face their own. distinct problems and the question arises as to whether Third World people and whites can also find common ground for struggle. As long as the university sys- tem has existed in white-controlled countries we have had what can legitimately be called a WHITE ETHNIC STUDIES PROGRAM. We did not have to fight to attain it -- it was ours to begin with. White poetry, history, art psy- chology, etc. were and are our standard courses. And yet, white American college students have continually been engaged in often sharp struggles against the sys- tem. Whites are the majority racial group and yet significant segments WORLD of the white population, including students, have felt compelled to struggle against the State, The fight to gain Third World colleges is one which most white radicals and even ‘‘moderates’’ support. At S,F. State the Struggle has been especially intense with both Third World and white stu- dents at Berkeley may be called upon to make similar efforts. White students are engaged in these struggles because they too feel exploited and suppressed. It is the most severe contradiction for white students that they are trained at the university to become ex- ploiters in their own right. White working class students are trained to become the same types of bosses who oppress their mothers and fathers, the same types of teach- ers whose main function is to chan- nel creativity into the interests of imperialism. The white college student is a ‘‘thing’’ to be shaped into an effective tool of the state with which the state can continue its business of wrenching profits from the people (especially the super-exploited Third World people), When Third World students have won this present battle and gain their rights on campus, when Black students can study Black poetry and Black history, when Chicanos can study their culture at the uni- versity level, the fight will have only yet begun, Of what good is a Black Studies Program if it is used only to encourage Black Cap- italism? The State will grant these programs eventually and try touse them, as they do all of education, to produce new exploiters of the people, When some taxpayer writes to the newspaper complaining that his tax dollars for education are being misused -- that students are wast- ing his hard earned money inriot- ing -- he almost has a point. His tax dollars ARE being misused, not by the students but by the State. He is being forced to spend money to train people to exploit him. From my privileged enclave in the white community I see two distinct and opposing trends in the Third World struggles (and please excuse me if I oversimplify). The first trend is Nationalism, Implicit in Nationalism is the assumption that if a person belongs to a Third World minority race he is a brother, Nationalism makes little distinction between the Black Cap- italist and the Black worker, be- tween a Black chief of police and a Black prisoner, A current ex- ample of Nationalism (which seeks to divide rather than to unify) is the ridiculous implication by As- semblyman John J. Miller (CHRONICLE, Feb. 8) that radical white students are responsible for the current unwillingness of Rea- gan to grant Black Students’ de- mands, The fascist Nationalism of UNPRECEDENTED SHARPENING CLASS CONTRADICTIONS AT HOME The repeated and serious de- feats of U.S, imperialism’s policy of aggression andexpansion abroad have greatly deepened the domes- tic crises confronting U.S, ruling circles. As class contradictions in the country have sharpened to an unprecedented extent and the rey- olutionary consciousness of the masses rapidly rises, the trend of an all-round upsurge of the American people’s struggle has now appeared, All this has placed U,S, imperialism under heavy fire both within the country and abroad and made it difficult for U.S, imperialism to cope with this sit- uation, The struggle of the Black people in the United States was sparked to a new height last year by the U.S, imperialists’ assassination of Martin Luther King. The waves of their struggle swept 168 cities and towns, including Washington, the heart of U.S, imperialism. The Afro-Americans have showed un- daunted fighting spirit in their struggle and their political con-, sciousness is rising steadily. They have fiercely pounded the reaction- ary rule of U.S, imperialism at home, Reviewing the Afro-Ameri- can struggle in 1968, True maga- zine said in dismay: ‘‘Nowhere was protest more prevalent or potent than in the United States.” An Afro - American struggle against racial oppression broke out in Jacksonville, Florida, on January 24, this year. Though it was temporarily suppressed by the reactionary authorities, it indi- cates that a more profound Afro- American struggle on a larger scale for freedom and emancipa- tion is brewing. In the meantime, the strike struggle of the American workers has developed vigorously. The number of strikes in 1968, 4,950 ‘in all, was the highest in 15 years, bringing about the biggest loss in work hours since 1959, The beginning of this year wit- nessed a big strike of more than 60,000 oil workers followed by that of 18,000 aircraft machinists. The 75,000 dockers along the east coast and the Gulf of Mexico persisted in their strike for over a month, This strike has already inflicted a loss of. over 500 million dollars on the monopoly capitalist class, which howled in alarm that the strike ‘‘poses a critical danger’’ to the U.S, economy and urged the . newly inaugurated Nixon ‘‘to do his utmost”’ to crush the strike. The continuous strike struggle by the U.S. workers is not only hitting U.S, imperialism hard economically, it is also hitting hard at its policy of aggression abroad, The student movement and the youth movement against the war of aggression in Vietnam have also developed in depth and rolled for- ward in continuous waves. Pro- gressive students of san Francisco State College in California have persisted in their struggle against racial discrimination and the de- cadent bourgeois educational sys- tem for nearly three months now. Progressive student struggles have also broken out in the Uni- versity of California, San Fer- nando Valley State College, East Los Angeles College, Sacramento State College and Southwest Col- lege in California, as well as in Brandeis University (Massachu- setts), the University of Chicago, Swarthmore College (near Phil- adelphia) and Queens College (New York), THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 PAGE 7 COLLEGES BEWARE OF. : Karenga’s US organization needs little comment. Karenga is a “Brother” only to the pigs. The second trend in the Third World movement is the emphasis on the common interests of those people at any particular level of society. It is an emphasis on class, The movement toward class unity distinguishes between the ‘exploiter and the exploited. It smashes the attempts of the power structure to encourage racism, It is responsible for the recent dec- larations of support from groups like the Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers Union in Richmond. When demands for Third World Colleges and education have been won the fight will continue. It will continue because the university is an arm of the State, The State will not relinquish control of the uni- versity (grant it autonomy) because the State depends upon the educa- tional structure to continue to pro- duce millions of willing servants of imperialism. Our common purpose must not be to try to separate the university from the state, but to create a state which we control and which we support. When we have a state which serves the people then we will have uni- versities which serve the people also. Power to the Peop;e. John E. Poole 1627 Oregon St. Berkeley ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE The following persons are ex- pelled from the Black Panther Party by executive order of the Central Committee of the Black Panther Party and are thereby classified as Counter-Reyblution- aries, - 1, Oleander Harrison 2. Gregory Harrison 3, Fred Smith . Larry Powell « Jean Powell . Linda Boston 7, Harvey McClindon 8. Betty Carter 9, Janice Garritt 10.Terry Cotton 11.Edward Laguy 12.Pondell Lewis 13.Terry Finley 14,Jimmy Charlie 15.Gerold Gant 16,John Satterwhite Gack) 17,Pat Brown Stark 18.Gilbert Gibson 19.Sandra Gibson 20.Richard Anderson _ 21.Rayford Bullard 22.Richard Linyard On hk The following persons are ex- pelled from the Black Panther Party by executive order of the Central Committee of the Black Panther Party. They are thereby classified as renegades and are not to be allowed to enter any of the Chapters or Branches of the Black Panther Party anywhere. Nor are they to be associated with by any member in good standing with the Black Panther Party. 1, Tommy Jones . 2, Reggie Forte 3. Bill Brent John L. Scott Matilaba Ronnie Pennywell Terry Clarity 4, 5. 6. ds 8. Wendell Wade FROM THE HUGGINS FAMILY 23 February 1969 We wish to thank you for the strength and sincerity you have shown us at a time when it was needed most: John was, from early childhood, a humanitarian — a peaceful, dedicated person. It hurts us most that men like John, Bunchy, Huey, Eldridge, and countless others are stifled and muted at the peak of their meaningful lives. We find solace in the fact that you will continue to fight for the liberation of Black People and all oppressed people in this country and in the world. John will live on in the hearts and Black Panther Party will remain a | aig of us all and the iving link to him. The impact of his commitment has touched many people and has made them aware of their lack of involvement. Our struggle is a long, hard one and we will do our best to help. As John said: “Raise the battle cry: Intensify” All power to the people, The Huggins Family THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 PAGE 8 Mao Tse-Tungs Thoughts Guide Surgeons In Severed Arm Surgeons in a small city in Southwest China have reattached the severed arm of a teenage Red Guard. Now, nine months after the operation, the boy can lift a weight of seven kilogram- mes, use chopsticks and tie his shoe laces, using the arm, This is one of the achievements of China in surgery after the join- ing of a severed hand, done for the first time in the world in Shanghai in 1963, On May 4, 1967, a middle school Red Guard, messing around with a truck engine which was being re- paired, had his left arm com- pletely severed about one third of the way above the elbow. He was rushed to a small hos- pital. The young surgeons there had no experience in reattach- ing severed limbs. It would have been correct to sterilize the stump of the severed arm and dress it. But the political consciousness of the surgeons had been heightened in the cultural revolution. They were determined to emulate Nor- man Bethune’s spirit of ‘‘utter devotion to others without any thought of self’ and his ‘‘bound- less' sense of responsibility in his work and .his boundless warm- heartedness towards all comrades and.the people,”” They decided to do all in their power to re-join the arm for the boy, a Red Guard, a successor to the revolutionary cause, This was a very difficult task. The patient’s arm had been mangled. The open ends were very irregular and the forearm had some fractures, The surgeons drew inspira- tion from Chairman Mao’s three constantly read articles (‘Serve the People,’’ ‘‘In Memory of Nor- man Bethune’’ and ‘The Foolish Old Man Who Removed the Moun- tains’’), which breath the spirit of complete dedication to the peo- ple’s interests. In ‘‘In Memory of ‘Norman Bethune’ Chairman Mao says, ‘‘We must all learn the spirit of absolute selfless - ness from him," The young surgeons knew they lacked certain equipment and any experience, but they worked out ways to overcome their difficul- ties. To prevent infection the doc- tors and nurses laid down strict rules for both the operation and. convalescence. Trimming the ends of the bones and rejoining them went smooth- ly. The key question was rejoin- ing the brachial artery and the nerves and veins, Here, great skill was required. After the fail- ure of several first attempts, the surgeons became anxious. Ac- cording to world surgical litera- ture, the chances of success were small, if the blood flow was inter- rupted for more than six'to eight hours, The surgeons pooled their knowledge and were able to rejoin the artery within five hours of the injury. Then the nerves and veins were also rejoined. The whole operation took six hours, After the operation one of the chief surgeons lived in the ward with the patient for days, to give him constant medical attention. The nurses attended the boy day and night. In the course of recovery, the boy was given massage and other treatment to restore the arm’s functioning. It is gradually re- covering its sensitivity to coldand heat, After-“his recovery, the Red Guard, Wei Tingfu, said: ‘‘Chair- man Mao! Your brilliant thought guided the hearts and hands of the surgeons in rejoining my arm.” By Wei Ping PARIS PEACE TALKS “THE SPIRIT OF THE PEOPLE IS GREATER THAN THE MAN’S TECHNOLOGY" PARIS, FEB,24 -- North Vietnamese sources said today that Hanoi’s delegation to the peace talks would reject any United States protest against attacks on South Vietnamese cities. If the Inited States presented such a protest, the sources de- clared, it would be advised to take up the matter, if at all, with the delegation of the National Liber- ation front of South Vietnam -- The Vietcong. A Front spokesman declared that “the Vietnamese people will not allow itself to be intimidated’ by threats of retaliation from the United States or South Vietnam. “‘Our people, both in the.North and in the South, have never been afraid of the American aggressors and their puppets and will never yield to threats and desist from its fight for national liberation,” the spokesman said. U.S. Imper the Source For a long time, U.S, imperial- ism, scheming and plotting with the government lackeys it controls, has run the gamut of evil from petty thievery to outright plunder, mur- _ der and genocide in Latin America. Feeding on the blood of this con- tinent, it has become the people’s most vicious enemy, Under the pretext of ‘‘economic integration’’, U.S, imperialism has worked its rapacious claws into the “vital economic heart of each Latin American country, controlling its economy and sucking the blood and Sweat of the people. U.S, mer- chandise has flooded the continent and its capital has penetrated into every country, U.S. loans have poured into every nook and corner of both public and private invest- ment. The clearest lesson today is that the “‘economic integration of Latin America” is nothing but a complete and thorough American; ization and colonization, The U.S, Department of Com- merce’s own statistics show that U.S, investment in Latin America last year exceeded 1,400 million dollars, 400 million more than the amounty invested in 1965. The rob- bery carried out through this huge inroad of U.S, capital has brought oil production in Venezuela, Co- lombia and Ecuador under U.S. monopoly capital control. InChile, over 90 per cent of the copper is mined directly under U.S, monop- oly, which rakes in a 100-million- dollar profit each year. This rape has brought economic conditions in Latin America from bad to worse, In every country ‘on the continent, production ‘dwindles, unemployment in- alism , of All Evil-- creases, prices rise steadily, cur- rencies drop in value and the ma- jority of the people starve or barely make a living. Nearly one-eighth of all Brazil- ian territory has been bought or occupied by force by the Yankees. Shocking the world, U,S, imperial- ism has massacred the Indians of Brazil in a planned andsystem- atic way so that today only a few tens of thousands of them remain -- and these are threatened with racial extinction. Countless facts prove that U.S, imperialism, calling itself the symbol of ‘‘civilization’’, is a crime-ridden butcher, the source of all the disasters and miseries of the Latin American people. Chairman Mao long ago pointed out: ‘‘Imperialism has prepared the conditions for its own doom. These conditions are the awakening of the great. masses of the people, in the colonies and semi-colonies and in the imperialist countries themselves."’ With the evil it does in Latin America, U.S, imperial- ism teaches the people by negative example; it created its own grave- diggers. Wherever there is exploitation and oppression, there is resistance and struggle. The growing and spreading flames of the revolu- tionary struggle of the Latin Amer- ican people. are the best answer to, U.S, imperialism and its lackeys. The international united front against U,S. imperialism expands, the days of U.S, colonialist rule in Latin America are numbered, victory will one day come for the ‘Latin American people. Farmer Finally Finds A Federal Job by Danny Schechter James Farmer has finally made it. He’s finally found himself a government niche. The former CORE leader, coaxed out of the Civil Rights spotlight in 1964, has been trying to get on the federal payroll for years. The one-time social democrat and Secretary of the Student League for Industrial Democracy, a forerunner to SDS, became a Republican last fall to run for Congress in Brooklyn. Op- posed by Brooklyn CORE and mili- tant unions, he was swamped by the other Black candidate, Shirley Chisholm. Now he’s the first ‘‘na- tionally known civil rights leader’’ - to join the Nixon Administration -- as Assistant Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare. Farmer has a history as an un- successful federal job applicant. Just before he left CORE, Farmer went on a six-week tour of Africa under the auspices of the American Negro Leadership Conference on Africa, a group he helped to found. The trip’s tab was picked up by the American Society for African Culture, an identified CIA front, According to Jet, the Negro weekly, Farmer was being given a trial ‘run for the post of Assistant Sec- retary of State for African Affairs. His tour took Farmer to the very same countries that Malcolm X had just visited. Apparently Farmer was being used to convey an image of the civil rights moyve- ment more favorable to American influence in Africa, Farmer was clearly being used to discredit Malcolm X among Africans, though he now denies it. Just before he left, New York radio stations explicitly stated that that was his mission. After his trip Farmer wrote an article in the CIA-financed African Forum which suggested that, intentionally or not, he was preoccupied with Malcolm’s impact: ‘President Johnson,”’ reported Farmer, ‘‘for all his inestimable good will - and I think he has it - has not been well-projected in Africa, In ad- dition, Malcolm X contributed to / the generally unfavorable African opinion of Johnson by characteriz- ing him in speeches andconversa- tions with Africans as a Southern racist.’" The CORE leader ex- plained that Malcolm had really been promoting a form of Apar- theid. To his credit, Farmer was crit- ical of several aspects of US Africa policy. Apparently he had served his function, He didn’t get the job.. In 1965 he tried again to make himself a nationally visible leader, this time with a plan to set up a nationwide .chain of OEO-funded adult education centers, The pro- ject which had little political con- . tent, had gotten a presidential nod. But Adam Clayton Powell began stirring up trouble over the pro- posal and, to avoid an embarrass- ing political fight with a then powerful committee chairman, OEO dropped it. Farmer was once again odd man out. Since then he has been odd- jobbing, teaching at Lincoln Uni- versity, assisting the New Jersey Poverty Program, and eking out a living as a lecturer, Ignored by the national media which built up his image when he was with the PR-conscious CORE, Farmer never dug what was happening when the civil rights movement was transformed into a black power struggle. In a recent interview with the New York Times he ar- ticulated his confusion beautifully, expressing support for both ‘‘ac- tivist integration’? and neosepara- tism.’’ He saw \a, ‘fa)ypendulum swing ;which I believe will end somewhere in the middle.”” As Nixon’s top black, Farmer has melodramatically pledged to work for his people ‘‘on the inside.’’ As an aide to the glib NEW Secretary Robert Finch, a former member of Reagan's Cal- ifornia .cegime, Farmer will no doubt be used to pacify ‘‘his people” and give the Nixon ad- ministration an image it sorely lacks in the black community. It looks like the 49-year-old former freedom rider has found a new train, This time, it’s going nowhere, THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 PAGE 9 THE BLACK PEOPLE and HE Black People account for 11 per cent of the population of the United-States, and Black Americans make up 25 per cent of the effectives of the U.S. aggressor army in Viet Nam. In combat units, the ratio sometimes reaches 60 or 70 per cent. In spite of this, the Vietnamese people has drawn a clear-cut line between the Black People in the United States and those Americans who reign the White House and the Pentagon. - As always, the Vietnamese people see in the Black People in the United States brothers and comrades-in- arms fighting the same enemy—U.S. imperialism. How they are moved upon learning that the Black People in the United States have demon- strated with slogans: ‘‘ Don’t take arms and fight in Viet Nam!” “Don’t fire at our Vietnamese brothers!’’ ‘No Vietnamese has ever called us nigger!’ ‘‘ Our enemy is not Viet Nam!” etc... The truth has been quite clear. The more the U.S. imperialists persist in prolonging their war of aggression in Viet Nam, the more disastrous defeats and the more losses in men and material they will take. The more they force young Americans into the army, the more they trample underfoot the vital interests of the American people, first of all the Black People—the poorest and the most oppressed. The historic lesson of all the wars the U.S. imperialists have taken part in has t; aght the Black People that whatever war the U.S. Govern- ment pushes them into will bring them nothing but tears and blood. When the U.S. entered world war I in 1917, the country again faced the question whether American citizens should have the right to serve, on an equal basis, in defense of their country. More than 2 million Negroes registered under the Selective Service Act, and some 360,000 were called into service. The Navy Corps rejected Negroes except as menials, The Marine Corps rejected them altogether. The Army formed them _ into separate units commanded, for the most part, by white officers. Only after enormous pressure did the Army permit Negro can- didates to train as _ officers in a segregated camp. Mistreated at home and overseas, Negro combat units performed exceptionally well under French commanders, who refused to heed “American warning that Negroes were inferior people. Mobbed for attempting to use facilities open to white soldiers. * the Viet IN THE U.S. egro soldiers returning home suffered indignities. Of the 7o Negroes lynched during the 1st year after the war, of substantial number were soldiers. Some were lynched in uniform. During World War II, negroes learned again that fighting for their country brought them no nearer to full citizenship. Rejected when they tried to enlist, they were accepted into the Army according to the proportion of the Negro population to that of the country as a whole— but only in Separate units— and those mostly noncombat. The U.S. thus fought racism in Europe with a segregated fighting force. In some instances at home, Negro soldiers were unable to secure food, even though German prisoners of war being served. The position and the lot-of the Black GIs on the South Viet Nam battlefield are not better than those of .their fathers during the two world wars. The Forces have specialized them in “serving” Messrs the white GIs, and the posts assigned them often are the most exposed and the most dangerous. These facts have laid bare the deceptive promise made by the American recruiting service : ‘* You'll have a future in the Forces’’, and ‘*the Forces will give you technical speciality”. But, the mothers and the wives of Black GIs have seen their sons and husbands come home minus their arms or their legs, or, worse still, shut in coffins which are only allowed to be buried in cementeries reserved for the Black People, since Arlington is an exclusive place for the Whites. 2 Small wonder that young Amer- icans have demonstrated shouting «we won’t go to hell!” Also little wonder that the nonviolence orga- , nizations of the Black People have adjusted their line of struggle, that radical organizations of the New Left have been formed to push up the struggle against segregation and the war in Viet Nam and that the U.S. Riot Commission has, with concerns, pointed out in its report: ‘©The honour of Watts was the Ist shattering revelation about American’s racial crisis—and a grim prelude to the Future. The Summer of 1967—in Newark, Detroit, Cleve- land and across the Nation-—revealed the bitter, deep-rooted dissension in our cities, the result of over 300 years of inequities... ’’. The ruling circles in the United States keep in mind that over 100,000 Plack Americans are under arms in Viet Nam. The day when they realize that the real theatre of operation is in the United States itself, a delay-action bomb will be planted right there, America ( socialist and lutionary organ: ive material and poral support to the armed 8 :¢ for the libera: Palestine. The document states that “Once again tnd as a result of her continued attacks against the people of Palestine and the Arab ions, Israel has shown itself to be an jalist base.” It went on to say that li aggression d months has consisted attacks cities, communications lines, factories ard industrial centers of the Arab continual air attacks by the Israeli Air Force on cities in Jordan: and Nahj the Suez Canal a year and a SAIGON PAPER ON U.S. AID TO SOUTH VIET NANNAM Chile: With rocks, the people counterattack troops and police sent to sup- press their demonstration a; gainst the government’s rapacious policies formed under the International Monetary Fund controlled by U.S. imperialism. OSPAAAL condemns attacks on Palestine \ the past few ul countries * attacks on the Suez Hamadi; the criminal closing of half ago; and, consumers’ goods and food. The Viet Nam administration has been selling these U.S. products to the people in order to finance its budget. Mean- while, for the benefit of U.S. capital- ist circles, the U.S. administration has been paying in dollars for surplus goods to be exported to Viet Nam. In other words, U.S. economic aid is only a means of exporting its products: Washington buys goods from American firms and sends them to the ‘‘ recipient ’’ country. Of cour- se if U.S. aid consisted of machines, which would enable Viet Nam to produce consumer goods _ herself, would ‘the U.S.A. still have in Viet Nam a market for her own ? Moreover, U.S. commodities being of higher~ quality, Viet Nam -made articles -if any-would be sooner or later jostled of the market. Understandably, the Vietnamese authorities having for fifteen years lived on U.S. dole, never thought of solving the problem in a different way, more beneficial to the nation. Two years ago, PXs for American amount of imported rice cannot meet the needs of the entire population. In the previous years, we had to buy yearly from 700,000 to,I,0000,000 tons of rice. According tothe Minister for Agriculture and Land Reform, short of another way out, we shall have again to im, ~ t 790,000 tons of rice. The Minister of Economy, who is optimistic by nature, has of course a rosier view. He simply thinks that the more we import, the lower prices will go down, and that we have to buy only 100,000 tons! He people of mofe recently, the inhuman attack on Beirut’s airnort.” " “The declaration of OSPAAAL affirms Israeli actions t the people we palestine “bring to mind Nazi savagery whose victims were the Jews; now Israelis ching the same savage at- tacks against people of Palestine.~ After stating that Israel has always car- tthe plans of U.S. in tet Od Attica through her i ialist sxareeeion against Vietnam and the im jalist intervention in the move- mentg for liberation in the African continent, OSP: condemns — now occupied by Israel — a just cause it is all the organiza- red list aN are cause. is of the opinion that we shall have to import only little rice, probably because having great confidence in the Than Nong variety which has been only cultivated on an experi- mental basis, he has multiplied by seven its annual output. With the risks of the present war, can such a prevision inspire us with optimism ? Import of goods turns in the same vicious circle, whether it is direct aid from the U.S.A. or triangular aid from Japan, Taiwan or Germany. Prices are rocketing not because of ends for food, clothing and everything necessary to national life. Finally, U.S. aid does not do any good at all to urban economy. U.S. aid favours only a number of individuals, and it does not lay any basis for economic production. Such is the fundamental shortcoming of the U.S. aid policy which is at the same time its basic purpose: brings forth an economy of consumiers ins- tead of an economy of producers. As a result, Viet Nam’s economy finds itself ina tragic state-the tragic inability of supporting itself, We do not dwell on the political tragedy, for U.S. assistance is with political strings attached and is used by the U.S. administration to put. pressure on Vietnamese Governments. These and those of other countries have gallen victims towthis» aid policy. It is high time for the Vietnamese to solve themselves their economic pro- blems it they want to survive. To rely only on imported goods and rice for one’s food and clothing will amount to a sort of national suicide, | THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH’9; 1969 Since the massacres of October, we don’t STUDENT FROM FACULTY hear much about the student movement in OF POLITICAL ‘Mexico. Reports that are received are con- tradictory. The movement has been forced to AND SOCIAL SBTENCES + . . a . STION: What _ go underground and little reliable information S Shigelages ee citeaaee ak gets out.. ANSWER; The formation of brigades has been the tactical form the struggle has taken in the face of aggression, Through Granma reports that in December more QUESTION; How do you sink this unity our experience with them we know that SGhaba than 500 students were arrested after try- can be maintained? it is possible to continue the struggle in ing to stage a march to demand the re- ANSWER: We believe the wey should be a decided way...Some of the brigades (ofofoYo) lease of students who had been arrested a national student federation or a national have developed such an awareness of the previously, “They held a rally in the student union or something along those situation that they themselves are form- WZ ; square in front of the rector’s office, lines, with characteristics similiar to ulating their slogans and flyers and they lobo) = where speakers explained the reasons. for those the National Strike Council now haye set for themselyes a long-range calling off the march; to avoid the arrest _ possesses, It should become what Lenin program, The brigade system has been gq S =) 7: i .or massacre of the revolutionary student. once called the “catalyst of the rey- So successful that the President acknow~ ww. ° $ vanguard, However, the government will olution", a nucleus, or a spark that will ledged in his *report” that we have =e J a not stop us from going into the streets: start a tire. The student group has cer-— excellent means of communication with A be in our:agitation brigades,” tain basic characteristics that make it the people, Thus even though the brigades els In Fesponse to the pre-Olympic mas- the first sector to react to the : arose spontaneously and automatically, if \ = sacres in*Mexico, two pamphlets have “situation, It is the sector that has great- > they are now functioning under a set - been produced, The United States Com- est access to information, is the most ‘discipline that became ecessary as the - educated, ‘and has the greatest critical moyement gathered momentum. itical Prisoners has put out one pa : capacity, It is also the sector of society: The *politization*. ‘that. the brigades }, phlet, mostly on repression. ‘ ibject to pressures--that have achieved has been Steet Fibs we t. \ ee Al Tess oO! a ds, in this ‘system workers and peasants of round table discussions, -s a : = ¢ are subject: to innumerable ‘pressures and — assemblies and studies they havi been tf obstacles that hinder their mobilization. carrying: out--a political awar -of a revolutionany part; capacity of this moveme we in fact lack atruly revolutio ’ ae had _ give; that is, it arrived at the greatest possible degree of radicalism, But what is necessary is that it move on to a second stage...to fulfil its role- ee exico meni _ clearly reveals the lack direct! 1e lack of national © dt een does: not necessa: political Party should occurred in a country where movement was not so controlled. tually functions, is n Mexico, that ‘even vir a poate movement has its: genesis in the university, students can-~| not be. the vangyard of the movement, ; because of theime class, sdifferences (with those whoeform fhe popular” in its co ituency, but ‘ olitechnic Institute has be- a come mor aristocratic, ‘The Politechnic Institue has now become another univ- ersity (it lacks certain faculties such as, Philosophy and Letters to become eS 70 PS _ , essive eapaci- “Fundamentally, the recall and ie Tepression be~ | - concerns of the students do not differ trom one group to the other, It is this woousttne' oe te has made student unity but also the: eek armed patticlpation _ possible at this time... The. : ie ‘ of the Fascist groups of the Government, | Things are going to pet rough for students a aN --who have neither arms nor the Spee RSSEy, ZAPATA | training in how to use them, Within the university itself, the brigades Would not only be ineffectual but it would be ir- responsible on the part of the leadership of the movement to be forced to con- front .repressive forces that would be undoubtedly implacable, When this hap- pens, it will be necessary. to define the struggle in terms of two alternatives; either we take up arms or we opt fora ...cessation of all activity which would not only permit students to return to the university but- would also allow the * development of' other possibilities for future democratic movements. QUESTION: If students are not the van- guard of the popular movement, how can they take up arms? ANSWER: We ,are convinced that stu- dents have no possibility for. victory in terms of an armed struggle, owing to their class origins; but we are con- vinced that we have great political capa~ cities, With regard to the question of arming students, we believe that it is pointless to raise it, What we believe possible is that students, in addition to political ability, have the capacity to take control of the streets and taking control of ‘the streets does not mean taking up arms, QUESTION: Don’t you believe that the importance of the movement resides in the exemplary action the student can show. the peopie? ANSWER;" Of course; in almost all strug- gles students ‘have been an example for the people; however, this does not mean we are“responsible for the movements. It should. be understood, howeyer, that we students are no example for the working class in the sense that we haye any- thing to teach them since the worker. through his own experience, already knows how to do things. Of course the demon- strations we have held are an example; so is the takeover of the university, but not the taking of arms, QUESTION; Do you believe that’ clande- stine action would be a more effective weapon in case repression is stepped up? ANSWER: We believe that a clandestine movement is necessary at this time for two reasons: (1) because it makes it possible for manyradres to be perman- ently active and (2) because it guarantees the combativeness in students themselves, However the clandestine movement de- mands many things that are not present in the university; among them, discipline, If operating underground does not guar- antee the mobilization, it is logical that not only will the clandestine system of opposition be sacrificed but the rational basis for the movement as well, Clan- destine activity for its own sake is mean- ingless. STUDENT FROM NATIONAL POLITECHNIC INSTITUTE QUESTION; What are the specific diff- erences between the Politechnic Institute and the National University (UNAM)? J WER: There is no difference in org- anization,..All the schools have the same organization, the National Strike Council, But I suppose that there are some tactical and theoretical differences. VAAN OR LSmee ier The problem of the University is that its ,constituency is much more theoretic- atly oriented than we are, By our very class origins--the sons of workers) and peasants--we live the conditions of hunger and poverty more than do those who live them only in words, At the Poli we have a large number of students who have no place to sleep; they live in truly pre- carious, difficult conditions, We alsohave a very small number of scholarships available, while at the University there are persons with greater economic means and there are more scholarships. tui BbACKCPANTHER™ SUNDAY; MARCH 9; 1969 92).Gu However, the Politechnical Institute or- iginally created for the poor, has become more bourgeois since the last educational reforms, Whereas before only students of scarce means studied here, now almost half the jstudent body is composed of students having some resources, These differences can also be seen in attitudes toward student struggles, Stu- dents at the National University even have a Special understanding of autonomy, Al- though theoretically theyare unaware ofit, we can see by their attitude and behavior en STUD res, how each student feels autonomous, where- as in thé Politechnical Institute the stu- dents have a more gregarious concept of themselves, For students of the Univ- ersity, contact with workers is a new thing, That’s why they brag so much about the brigades that go to the people. We also haye brigades--and very good ones-- but going to the workers does not make a special impression onus because we live in their midst, we share the same con- ditions, We are no longer afraid of anything. An assassinated worker, although it deeply hurts us, does ‘not frighten us, As 2 student who lives in the slums or ten ments can affirm, our children and ma older workers die daily of curable, simy illnesses. We lack the means to fig! even these small infirmities we suff. owing to the environment, the lack of h giene, malnutrition, ete. QUESTION: What about the struggle @ its organization? ANSWER; The greatest desire of Mexic youth has alwaysbeen to become unit around common, concrete problems, Ti lack of organizations that truly represen ed the students at large kept us all dis oriented, Even those groups that hay represented government interests amon students such as the FNET (Federacio Nacional de Estudiantes Tecnicos) ow their existence to the lack of organizatio among the students themselves, Yet th present movement has achieved great or; anization in that the National Strike Counci alone has 250 members and the whol: network of over 800 brigades has 8, 1 or up to 15 members in each brigade. QUESTION: Do you believe that the studen force may become a popular force in th’ future? < ANWER; Our movement is already pop ular; this you-may see by our demand in the petition movement, It is tru that there is a lot of passivity onthe par ~of truly proletarian sectors; but in orde to overcome this we have created and w: will continué’to create and promote th whole system of brigades. QUESTION: What do the students of th Polytechnical Institute think of the in tellectuals of Mexico? | ANSWER; Intellectuals have always mad their demonstrations ouside the: socia context of the real “people”. They hav never had the courage--or they have'nc wanted to have it--to develop a theory o! which a protest could be based, The maj ority of them are a yery important par of the whole State apparatus,,,Honest dedicated intellectuals--such as Jose Re- vueltas--who support and bravely partici. pate in a popular movement, are rare, QUESTION: Much has been said to thi effect that the Mexican people greatl; distrust the movement and its leaders Do you believe that this phenomenon ij present among the students of the Poll. technic Institute, owing to their ver; class origins? ANSWER: No, in the Poli, the studen body now believes in its leaders; it ha: faith in the movement, as do the workers You have been able to see that her in the University (representatives of many popular sectors have been brough together--taxi drivers, among others This shows that the distrustful attitud of workers and peasants is already dis appearing. It should also be pointed ou that the pressure of ‘students at larg has been responsible for the emergenc: of good, authentic leaders. “Translated by Jackie Skiles Quayli . rE, yr X, Danrintad fram THE MOVEMEN THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 Nationwide Strike Italian workers and students in all parts of the country have re- cently been holding strikes and demonstrations on a massive scale and occupying factories and schools, with farm labourers and sharecroppers also going into action, The struggle against ruth- | less exploitation and oppression by monopoly capital has thus reached a new high, and the re- actionary rule of the Italian ruling circles has been dealt telling blows. * On February 5, well over 18 million workers went on a 24-hour nationwide general strike to pro- test against the cruel exploitation by monopoly capital and to demand better living conditions, The strike crippled the entire country’s in- dustrial production, hit agriculture and commerce hard and cost the monopoly capitalists 56 million U.S. DOLLARS, In Rome, the capital 3,000 strik- ing workers held a rally in a plaza and then demonstrated in the down- town area, The workers’ just struggle won the warm support of progressive students, and many students joined the ranks of the demonstrating workers. Holding aloft portraits of the great leader Chairman Mao, the students shouted ‘Political power grows ~ out of the barrel of a gun” and other revolutionary slogans, The students also carried placards in- scribed with quotations from Chairman Mao to inspire the mili- tant spirit of the workers. On January 29, forty thousand attendants of the small filling sta- tions in all parts of Italy went ona " protest strike against exploitation by the big petrol companies. Students and workers in Naples took to the streets together the same day in a big demonstration against fascist police repression of demonstrating students. Filled with indignation, 3,000 demon- strators besieged the local police station for 90 minutes, demanding the release of scores of arrested demonstrators. They valiantly fought back against bloody police suppression and wounded 23 policemen in the encounter, In the northern part of Italy, workers in River Agno Valley, Vicenza Province, held a general strike on January 30 to show their solidarity with the 5,000 textile workers who occupied the woolen ts; se e; comment in keirrd wi largest cities, such as Rio de have plea country. Datelines of these and it tal been’ in the world news constantly in secents events reported from Brazij have which has’ made headlines the bombs in US. t ' and gt ee Bone a PAGE 12 «mill Marzotto at Valdagno on Jan- uary 24, Seven thousand workers taking part in the general strike demonstrated outside the Valdagno town hall. Scores of children from workers’ families joined the demonstration. Slogans on the pla- cards they carried read: ‘‘Mama, keep on with the struggle!”’ ‘‘Don’t give up, Papa, I stand by your side|’’ All shops remained closed, On February 3, five thousand residents in Fondi, Latina Provy- ince, south of Rome, held a big demonstration in protest over the forcing down of the purchase price of oranges by the monoply capital- ists and their agent, the Italian Government. The measure to keep the price down seriously affected the local residents’ livelihood. All industrial workers in Brin- disi, Apulia Region, southern Italy, went on a 6-day general strike for higher wages from January 31 to February 5, In Trapani, in the Sicily region of southern Italy, 20,000 farm labourers and sharecroppers dem- onstrated on January 27 to protest against brutal exploitation by cap- italist farmers. In the same region an impressive demonstration in Catania was staged by peasants on February 7 in protest over the monopoly enterprises’ manipulations to get bigger profits by forcing down the purchase price of oranges, They also protested against the govern- ment for serving the monopoly enterprises at the expense of the peasants’ livelihood, The windows of the prefects’ offices were broken by fruit-throwing demon- strators who besieged the pre- fectural building. Railway traffic to and from the city was blocked for several hours by more than 2,000 demonstrators who occupied the railway station and sat down on the tracks, Students in Naples and Genoa, Italy’s two major port cities, marched through the streets to demonstrate against the rotten bourgeois educational system, the government’s fraudulent ‘'re- forms"’ and police suppression. University and middle school stu- dents in Rome, Florence, Palermo, Triests, Bari, Brindisi, Avellino and Alessandria occupied their schools and Bologna university students battered down the door of the rector’s office and occupied it. To Hell With Nixo Nixon reminds one in his “inaugural address” of a mounte- bank trying to hawk his junk in highsounding terms. Putting up a hypocritical front, he talked pro- fusely about “unity” and “freedom,” asking the American people to exert their “energies” to make “splen- did efforts” and babbling that every- one “go forward together” and that things should be “done by govern- ment and people together.” Well, well. It seemed as though a vast change had suddenly occurred with Nixon taking over the Ameri- can presidency. It seemed as though he wanted to apply “a policy of benevolence” to the American peo~ ple. It seemed as though the Ameri- can people could enjoy “freedom”, would be freed from oppression, exploitation and unemployment, and would have bread to eat, provided they achieved “unity” with the U.S, Government and exerted their “en- ergies” to make “splendid efforts,” What fine words! Is this how things really are? Let the harsh realities of the Uni- ted States give-the answer. Recently the vigorously progres- sive student movement there was ruthlessly suppressedby large num- bers of helmeted police sent by the authorities. In the state of Cali- fornia, several hundred studefts were arrested by the revolutionary authorities, This shows up the so- called “freedom”’ and “unity” which Nixon tries his utmost to brag about, The Afro-American struggle a- BRAZIL, THE REASONS FOR VIOLENCE Latin America, Tecent times. Mo! j : reover, world over: of te, a lect and bike at je regime and the reli students; and terrorist acts by rightist One of the Rape pein Leiechyal and one whieh = a fs countries, t even t! ing place in widely separated regions throughout news dispatches indicate just how this violence is. These reports come not only from the Janeiro and Sao Paulo, but also from Be:o Horizonte, Porto Alegre, Curitiba, Vitéria and Santos and even | from a remibte villages in the Amazo: has now reached even the inner circle of the is Brazilian military regime, which today, since Congress has been dissolved, imposed. by: the Tog. fcaly eliminates even The underlying causes of sybtes one understands their resources, Yet it is an underdevel interests, The bare facts and fi illiterates; 86 percent of the pooe in an even more authoritarian fi titutional Act Number 5. This is an arbitra and an average life span among the ion under the decree d the most recent crisis which of- the last vestiges of constitutional and legal these events are considerably clearer background and geographical “aistribus Brazil, a nation of 3286169 square miles inhabitants, is not only enormous incae but also rich in loped nation dependent and 90 million pa on nie s indicate the drama in all its dy’ a ennoeny, more than 40 million uBR ie rcen:| 4 than’ 3000 million. ion. dollar lon its t ion in profits made workers F gs fg Hy its have been ag and a %, eral period bas been sai marked the farmers and increased discontent amon; a ” an reactionary terror. Under such circumstances, since there is no other wa In an attempt to stem bes: Stogped ai iprenece ol wave 0! elimina’ a situation which is rk a rmed struggl: manifesto recéentl ist policy. bod an’ tactics, It has offer the people of Latin America oppression, more and Thus, the strategic and downs that liberation through revol: dicial to the interests. of the nation and the ized by the rulers themselves: declining prices of } le appears — in the forseeable . future nh to a circulated in Brazil and lay’s Brazil clearly indicate the first in its reformist line and ilities of proces tionary armed struggle.” n’s ‘Benevolence’ gainst racial discrimination and vio- lent repression has been subjected time and again to cruel fascist sup- pression by the U. S. Government. This is the meaning of the “free- dom” and “unity” Nixon glibly talks about, About 10 million unemployed and partially unemployed workers in the United States go hungry all year round and suffer from winter cold. This is the “well-being” the U. S. Government bestows on the people and the “policy of benevolence” it applies to them. ‘ Nixon asks the American peo- ple to exert their “energies” to make “splendid efforts.” To put it blunt- ly, this only means that the work- ing people are asked to do back- breaking work like beasts of bur- den so that the monopoly capital groups can satisfy their desire to fleece and bleed them white. The living conditions of the Uni- ted States today cannot be covered up by any word juggling by Nixon, If there is freedom for the ex- ploiters, there is no freedom for the exploited; if there is democracy for the monopoly capitalist class, there is no democracy for the pro- letariat, The “unity” and “freedom” advertised by Nixon are nothing but empty bubbles. This clumsy class conciliation deceptioncan only serve to fully expose the extremely weak \mature of the reactionary Nixon Administration and its dire plight of being beset with difficulties at ‘home and abroad. compared with 63 among the land- ism and private’ enter- gly freer hand in their policies peop'e. The et products ucts, impoverishment of the Ration, by Fopresslory’ the plundering of poorer sectors. ‘ontent, the regime unleashed an open of suffocating oes nation and the for example, by ella in a clandestine Jater in resorting to become clear that imperialism cannot anything but greater and greater A josed to all erie conflict, less of the view. It is Nooses Around Imperialism’s Neck Since World War Il, U,S, im- perialism has replaced the Ger- man, Italian and Japanese fascists as the world’s biggest aggressor, oppressor and exploiter. It has formed all kinds of military blocs ° all over the world, dispatched more than one million troops to. be stationed on foreign soil, and set up more than 200 huge mili- tary bases abroad to carry out wars of aggression and suppress the revolutions of the people of many countries, It spends over 80,000 million dollars a year on frenzied arms expansion and war Preparations. U.S, imperial- ism dreams of building a huge American empire by these means, But, as our great leader Chair- man Mao pointed out, *‘U,S, im- perialism has over-reacheditself, Wherever it commits aggression, it .puts a new noose around its neck, It is besieged ring upon ring by the people of the whole world.”’ By frantically persisting in its perverse actions, U.S, imperial- ism is fast becoming the opposite of what it wishes subjectively, Bursting Bombs Scatter DALLAS -- Feb, 23 (AP) Burst- ing bombs scattered right-wing hate leaflets in Dallas, Carthage, Tex., and Little Rock, Ark., Sat- urday night. Damage was believed to be less than $2,000, The leaflets, right-wing lit- erature directed at socialism and bureaucracy, bore a‘*‘minutemen” signature and were headed ‘‘Fight the Parasites,”’ ‘‘Stop the Bureau- cratic Tyrants,’’ and ‘Death to Socialism’’, The bomb blast in Dallas oc- curred in a parking lot near the First Baptist Chruch and the offices of them Internal, Revenue Service, The Little Rock blast was ina parking lot of television station KTHY. Aplane was believed tohave dropped the third bombat Carth- age. A number of cars were dam- aged. ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE WEST GERMAN S.D.S. SUPPORTS BLACK PANTHERS AND BLACK LIBERATION MOVEMENT The week after Bobby Hutton was murdered and Eldridge Cleaver wounded in April 1968 our brother Rudi Dutschke, organizer of West German SDS, was shot down and nearly killed. The revol- utonary movement of German students had spread to other parts of our society. Mobilizing young - workers and high school students had become a veritable threat to the power elites. They responded with whipped-up hysteria in the mass media and with terror. The same week the Un-American Ac- tivities Committee proposed con- centration camps for black mili- tants in the U,S, the German Par- liament debated a proposal calling " for preventive arrest of demon- strators, The newspapers of the Springer press trust, a monopaly with reactionary views like the Oakland Tribune had asked that student radicals be ‘‘rubbed out’’, When Rudi Dutschke was shot they wanted us to believe they had no- thing to do with it. But the move- ment understood - and answered, During Easter - 1968 more than 150,000 young workers, students from universities and high schools blocked the delivery of the Springer hate press for two days. They . tried to club us down, teargas us, j disband us with mounted police. But we resisted, We believe you don’t change a situation by protesting verbally, you don’t impress your opprssors by appealing to them, that even passivity doesn’t make them less brutal. Those who believe in a monopoly of the state to use force have been unmasked, We will be liberated, We will take up the means necessary. The same power elites are re- stored in West Germany today ' which helpedGerman fascism rise, There is a dangerous development of institutional fascism inside the _ **democratic’’ institutions. It does not need the goose-step. It does not need the Nazi uniform, An in- Karl Dietrich Wolff, 26, was SKS’ national chairman until the end of 1968. He is right now on a speaking tour in this country to raise funds for more than 2,000 political trials pending against SDS organizers. While in Los Angeles, L.A. police harassed him, arresting him for an afternoon on made-up charges of suspicion to have stolen a car. Demonstrators trying to stop with their bodies a truck with copies of Springer newspapers during the blockade of the delivery of the Springer Press (Easter 1968 in Essen). On both sides: demonstrators fighting against the police who try to break up the sit-in. THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 creasing number of young workers, students and professionals is de- veloping a clear perspettive of resistance, of organizing them- selves, We are not yet organized as well as the oppressive minorities which control the vast majorities of our peoples. We do not have the in- ternational links yet with our brothers and sisters in struggle abroad, Yet, an initiative has been Started to destroy the unholy al- liance of Nixon & De Gaulle & Kiesinger Inc. through an inter- national campaign against the re- newal of the NATO treaty this year, The Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund - SDS - (German Socialist Students’ League), the strongest group of West Germany’s radical left, extends our fraternal greetings to the Black Panther Party and its members, We know that the success of your struggle is also a victory for us as every blow to imperialism is a victory for the peoples of the world, As we see the liberation movement inthe third world, in-Vietnam and Guata- mala, in Angola and in Bolivia, destroy imperialism from the out- side it is our duty to take up the struggle in the heart of imperial- ism. Since the May Revolt in France the masses of the op- pressed, the working people in cap- italist ‘‘mother countries’’ have finally started to act. yvenceremos] Victory shall be ours. PAGE 13 CRISES-RIDDEN U.S. IMPERIALIST WILL NOT LAST LONG U.S, imperialism can find no solu- tion to its daily growing difficul- ties at home and abroad, nor can it extricate itself from rapidly developing political, economic, military and cultural crises. This is the awful mess new U.S, im- “fperialist chieftain Richard Nixon has inherited from his precedes- sor, Lyndon Johnson, In these cir- cumstances, Nixon has had to ad- mit in dismay that ‘‘there are a number of problems which this administration confronts; each re- quires urgent attention’’ and ‘‘it is very difficult to single one out and put it above the other.’’ Finding themselves in an im- passe and on their last legs, the U.S. monopoly capitalist groups thrust the Republican Nixon into power to get U.S, imperialism out of its crises, But statements be- fore the after taking office show that not only has he no panacea to offer, but he is in fact at a loss about what to do in the face of the grave crises. This brought on the Western press wailing that ‘‘the Nixon Administration is already in a state of crisis before it be- gins work.” Remember Brother Malcolm a v > horn May 19, 1925 - Assassinated Feb. 21, 1965 &Cuba 2509 TELEGRAPH AVE BERK. Cramna BOOKS Revolution, Labor plus Literature from Vietnam COMPLETE MARXIST WORKS Black Struggle &Colonial-— 841-9744 October 1966 Black Panther Party Platform and Program What We Want What We Believe 1. We want freedom. We want power to determine the destiny of our Black Community. We believe that black people will not be free until we are able to deter- mine our destiny. FREE HUEY Minister of Defense, Black Panther Party 2. We want full employment for our people. We believe that the federal government is responsible and obligated to give every man employment or a guaranteed income. We believe that if the white American businessmen will not give full employment, then the means of production should be taken from the businessmen and placed in the community so that the people of the community can organize and em- ploy all of its people and give a high standard of living. 3. We want an end to the robbery by the white man of our Black Com- munity. We believe that this racist government has robbed us and now we are demanding the overdue debt of forty acres and two mules. Forty acres and two mules was promised 100 years ago as restitution for slave labor and mass murder of black people. We will accept the payment in currency which will be distributed to our many communities. The Germans are now aiding the Jews in Israel for the genocide of the Jewish people. The Ger- mans murdered six million Jews. The American racist has taken part in the slaughter of over fifty million black people; therefore, we feel that this is a modest demand that we make. 4. We want decent housing, fit for shelter of human beings. We believe that if the white landlords will not give decent housing to our black community, then the housing and the land should be made into cooperatives so that our community, with government aid, can build and make decent housing for its people. ‘ 5. We want education for our people that exposes the true nature of this decadent American society. We want education that teaches us our true history and our role in the present-day society. We believe in an educational system that will give to our people a knowl- edge of self. If a man does not have knowledge of himself and his position in society and the world, then he has little chance to relate to anything else. 6. We want all black men to be exempt from military service. We believe that Black people should not be forced to fight in the mili- tary service to defend a racist government that does not protect us. We will not fight and kill other people of color in the world who, like black people, are being victimized by the white racist government of America. We will protect ourselves from the force and violence of the racist police and the racist military, by whatever means necessary. 7. We want an immediate end to POLICE BRUTALITY and MURDER of black people. We believe we can end police brutality in our black community by or- ganizing black self-defense groups that are dedicated to defending our black community from racist police oppression and brutality. The Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States gives a right to bear arms. We therefore believe that all black people should arm themselves for self-defense. 8. We want freedom for all black men held in federal, state, county and city prisons and jails. We believe that all black people should be released from the many Jails and prisons because they have not received a fair and impartial trial. 9. We want all black people when brought to trial to be tried in court by a jury of their peer group or people from their black communities, as defined by the Constitution of the United States. We believe that the courts should follow the United States Constitution so that black people will receive fair trials. The 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution gives a man a right to be tried by his peer group. A peer is a person from a similar economic, social, religious, geographical, en- vironmental, historical and racial background. To do this the court will be forced to select a jury from the black community from which the black defendant came. We have been, and are being tried by all-white juries that have no understanding of the “average reasoning man”’ of the black community. 10. We want land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice and peace. And as our major political objective, a United Nations-supervised plebis- cite to be held throughout the black colony in which only black colonial subjects will be allowed to participate, for the purpose of determining the will of black people as to their national destiny. When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume, among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That, to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that, whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new government, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Pru- dence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and, accordingly, all experience hath shown, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But, when a long train of abuses and unsurpations, pur- suing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them under ab- solute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such govern- ment, and to provide new guards for their future security. THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 PAGE 15 = SUBSCRIPTION FORM 2g RULES OF THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY CENTRAL HEADQUARTERS OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA... Support Your Newspaper-- _ Subscribe ) Today! Every member of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY throughout this country of racist America must abide by these rules as functional mem- bers of this party. CENTRAL COMMITTEE members, CENTRAL STAFFS, and LOCAL STAF including all captains subordinate to either national, state, and local leadership of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY will enforce these rules. Length of suspension or other dis- ciplinary action necessary for violation of these rules will depend on national decisions by national, state or state area, and local committees and staffs where said rule or rules of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY WERE VIOLATED. Every member of the party must know these verbatum by heart. And apply them daily. Each member must report any violation of these rules to their leadership or they are counter-revolutionary and are also subjected to suspension by the BLACK PANTHER PARTY. THE RULES ARE: Enter my subscription for (check box): National Foreign Subscriptions Subscriptions rs , i ri 1. No party member can have narcotics or weed in his possession 3 MONTHS: (13 ISSUES)............ O $2.50 O $3.00 while doing party work. : 6 MONTHS: (26 ISSUES) ............ O $5.00 $6.00 2. Any party member found shooting narcotics will be expelled from ONE YEAR: (52 ISSUES) ............ O $750 © $9.00 this party. (please print) 3. No party member can be DRUNK while doing daily party work. ; . 4. No party member will violate rules relating to office work, general NAME: = 52 _'4e> ve E: meetings of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY, and meetings of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY ANYWHERE. ADDRESS it , BI i 5. No party member will USE, POINT, or FIRE a weapon of any kind unnecessarily or accidentally at anyone. city 6. No party member can join any other army force other than the 7 = 3 BLACK LIBERATION ARMY. 5 7. No party member can have a weapon in his possession while STATE/ZIP # —__ COUNTRY —__—— DRUNK or loaded off narcotics or weed. PLEASE MAIL CHECK MINISTRY OF INFORMATION, BLACK PANTHER PARTY, 8. No party member will commit any crimes against other party ORMONEY ORDERTO: _—- Box 2967, Custom House, San Francisco, CA 94126 members or BLACK people at all, and cannot steal or take from the people, not even a needle or a piece of thread. . 9. When arrested BLACK PANTHER MEMBERS will give only name, address, and will sign nothing. Legal first aid must be understood by all Party members. 10. The Ten Point Program and platform of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY must be known and understood by each Party member. 11. Party Communications must be National and Local. 12. The 10-10-10-program should be known by all members and also understood by all members. 13. All Finance officers will operate under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Finance. 14, ch person will submit a report of daily work. 15. ich Sub-Section Leader Section Leader, Lieutenant, and Captain must submit Daily reports of work. ~~ THE BLACK PANTHER ns ( BLACK COMMUNITY NEWS SERVICE PUBLISHED WEEKLY - BY THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY 16. All Panthers must learn to operate and service weapons correctly. 17. All Leadership personnel who expel a member must submit this information to th ter of the Newspaper, so that it will be published EDITORIAL STAFF CENTRAL COMMITTEE a, in the paper and be known by all chapters and branches. OF OF THE 18. Political Education Classes are mandatory for general member- THE BLACK PANTHER BLACK PANTHER PARTY ship. 19. Only office personnel assigned to respective office: should be there. All others are to sell papers and do Pol in the community, including Captains, Section Leaders, e 20. COMMUNICATIONS — all chapters must submit weekly re- ports in writing to the National Headquarters. 21. All Branches must implement First Aid and/or Medical Cadres. 22. All Chapters, Branches, and components of the BLACK PAN- THER PARTY must submit a monthly Financial Report to the Minis- try of Finance, and also the Central Committee. 23. Everyone in a leadership position must read no less than two hours per day to keep abreast of the changing political situation. 24. No chapter or branch shall accept grants, poverty funds, money or any other aid from any government agency without contacting the National Headquarters. 25. All chap down by the C PARTY. 26. All Branches must submit weekly reports in writing to their re- spective Chapters. Ss each day 1 work out a Political Prisoner: Minister of Defense HUEY NEWTON Minister of Defense HUEY P. NEWTON Chairman BOBBY SEALE Chairman BOBBY SEALE Editor Minister of Information ELDRIDGE CLEAVER Minister of Information ELDRIDGE CLEAVER Chief of Staff DAVID HILLIARD Managing Editor Deputy Minister of Information FRANK JONES Field Marshals UNDERGROUND t adhere to the policy and the ideology laid RAL COMMITTEE ‘of the BLACK PANTHER Revolutionary Artist and Lay-out Minister of Culture EMORY DOUGLAS Minister of Education GEORGE MURRAY Minister of Finance MELVIN NEWTON Co-Editors BIG MAN BOBBY HERRON “Minister of Foreign Affairs 8 POINTS OF ATTENTION 1) Speak politely. 2) Pay fairly for what you buy. 3) Return everything you borrow, 4) Pay for anything you damage. 5) Do not hit or swear at people. 6) Do not damage property or crops of the poor, oppressed masses. 7) Do not take liberties with women. 8) If we ever have to take captives do not il-treat them. “Minister of Justice Prime Minister STOKELY CARMICHAEL Student Editors (Positions Open) Communications Secretary KATHLEEN CLEAVER Distribution Manager Minister of Culture EMORY DOUGLAS Circulation SAM NAPIER The editorial and production cost of THE BLACK PANTHER News- paper have increased considerably. We would like to continue increasing weekly circulation and our national and interna- tional news coverage. To da this we need your aid. Please send -Us news items, general information, and contributions. Help us distribute and get new subscriptions to The Black Panther pewspaper. Submit to: BLACK PANTHER NEWSPAPER 3106 SHATTUCK AVE. BERKELEY, CALIF. 3 MAIN RULES OF DISCIPLINE 1) Obey orders in all your actions. 2) Do not take a single needle or a piece of thread from the poor and oppressed masses. 3) Turn in everything captured from the attacking enemy. PRISONER IS INJECTED FORCEFUL Y IN THE |DEBT TO SOCIETY ~VERSUS SOCIETY’S ‘DEBT TO TO NATIONAL AND STATE POL- THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 PAGE 16 “TT IS ONLY A MAT- j TER OF TIME UNTIL THE QUESTION OF PRISONER’S THE ITICS, INTO THE CIVIL AND HUMAN RIGHTS STRUGGLE, AND INTO THE CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE BODY POLITIC. IT IS AN EXPLOSIVE ISSUE WHICH GOES TO THE VERY ROOT OF AMERICA’S SYSTEM OF JUSTICE, THE STRUCTURE OF CRIMINAL LAW, THE PREVAILING BELIEFS AND ATTITUDES TOWARD A CONVICTED FELON.” (SOUL ON ICE, P.59) Eldridge Cleaver made the decision to politically exile himself November 27th, on the basis that the Adult Authority made an outlaw deci- ae and that he has been denied his constitutional right to due process of aw. The revocation of Cleaver’s parole was illegal. because no parole violation was committed. The Adult Authority parole board has Wied to maintain that Cleaver violated his parole by having a rifle in his possession, and by associating with individuals of bad reputation. This contention, we will show, is false. The Adult Authority version contradicts the Superior Court order itself: “|, Cleaver’s only handling of a firearm (the rifle) was in obedience. to a police command. He did not handle a hand gun at all. There was noth- ing one way or the other to show a conspiracy or a situation calling for the application of the doctrine of aiding and abetting. Hence, nothing support- ed either the possession of a firearm or the assault charge. As to the charge of association with individuals of bad reputation, the report indicated that two or three of those named had “police records,” but nothing to show whether any had been convicted of anything, or whether Cleaver knew of their arrest record.” (Superior Court c.t. 137, 138, 140, 141.) Parolee Cleaver was denied due process of law by being denied opportunity to present his case. Why was Cleaver returned to prison as a parole violator if document- ed evidence to the contrary had been presented in his defense? To answer that question, one must examine the Adult Authority. This board has the right to arbitrarily revoke or suspend parole on any individual. At the same time, the Adult Authority maintains—falsely—that Cleaver has the oppor- tunity to defend himself at a hearing. This is how it works: “A parolee is sérved with violation charges, is interviewed, is given a hearing (before the Adult Authority itself, the charging party) at which the parolee may ‘plead’ to the parole violation charges, and is: afforded an op- portunity to present his défense.” “At the ‘hearing’ a parolee is denied the right to counsel, may not have an independent and impartial officer to conduct the hearing and make decision.” (Petition for Hearing in the Supreme Court, p: 17) Not only does the Adult Authority hold secret hearings, but it also yefuses to notify persons under its jurisdiction of its procedures, or of ‘its . variable definitions of what constitutes a parole violation. This secrecy and vagueness is in direct violation of federal law which requires agencies to publish their procedures “for guidance of the public.” : “Petitioner (Cleaver) is immediately and seriously prejudiced by the Adult Authority’s unlawful refusal to publish its regulations, since he is to be imprisoned by virtue of an action which the Adult Authority still seeks to garb in this ‘veil of secrecy.’ (Petition for Hearing in the Supreme Court, p. 12) Yes, the Adult Authority acted unjustly and illegally. Its decision was an outlaw decision. Cleaver had no chance of obtaining “justice” from these Star Chamber proceedings. Why then wouldn't the U.S. Supreme Court hear Cleaver’s case? There are, we believe, three reasons why the case wasn’t accepted. The first is that any fair minded court would obyious- ly have released Cleaver, thereby setting a precedent. The second is that thousands of cases of alleged pevole violation from all over California and other states would be subject to ‘eversal. Thirdly, the illegal functioning of the Adult Authority would come under attack. The U.S. Supreme Court just couldn’t afford to consider the Cleaver case during this turbulent period. Eldridge Cleaver is a victim of naked, shameless political persecu- tion. As Judge Sherwin puts it: “... The uncontradicted evidence presented to this court indicated that the petitioner had been a model parolee. The peril to“his parole status’ stemmed from no failure of personal rehabilitation, but from his undue’ elo- quence in pursuing political gouls, goals which were offensive to many of his contemporaries. Not only was there absence of cause for the cancella- tion of parole, it was the product of a type of pressure unbecoming, to say the least, to the law enforcement paraphemalia of this state.” Cleaver is in political exile because a man of his convictions cannot get justice here. Indeed, if we are to give more than lip service to the con- cepts of freedom and justice we must support him. The work to get him . discharged from parole must continue. An intense publicity campaign is necessary now to bring to the public the legal defense and arguments which were carried to the courts with no satisfaction. We must all work together to focus attention of this case. This is not an issue of one man’s freedom, but a broad struggle which affirms the right of all of us to speak out politically in this country. If Cleaver is not allowed his freedom, it is just a matter of time until all our freedoms are further reduced, His is not a personal struggle but a political one. SPONSORS (partial listing) WRITERS Bertrand Russell James Baldwin Murray Kempton Allen Ginsberg Herbert Gold Kay Boyle Oscar Lewis Terry Southern Norman Mailer LeRoi Jones Lawrence Ferlinghetti Andrew Kopkind Dwight MacDonald Donald Duncan Barbara Garson Maxwell Geismar John Gerassi John Gunther Paul Jacobs Jessica Mitfor d Richard Gilman Julius Lester Robert Crichton D.W. Dupee Edgar Friedenberg Marcus Raskin W.H. Ferry Jack Newfield Nat Henthoff Susan Sontag Robert Lowell Jane Jacobs Hortense Calisher Harvey O'Connor Truman Nelson Charles V. Hamilton Stanley Kunitz Stanley Kaufman I enclose Name Address City Profession Please add m: to Defend El Ef ridge Cleaver, ‘Julian Mayfield Emile Capouya Tana de Gamez Muriel Rukeyser Arthur Waskow Carlos Monsivais George Hitchcock Tillie Olsen Jean Paul Sartre Mrs. Richard Wright Christiane Rochefort Julia Wright Herve Daniel Guerin Yves Loyer Gerard Chaliand Mourad Bourboune J. Semprun Juliette Minces David Welsh THEATRE. FILMS. ARTS. Godfrey Cambridge - Jules Feiffer Ossie Davis Malvina Reynolds Ruby Dee Shirley Clarke Saul Landau Ed Bullins Gil Turner Open Theatre Elsa Knight Thompson John Carpenter Robert Brustein Richard Schechner Saul Gottlieb Delphine Seyrig Roger Pic Dugald Stermer R.G. Davis LABOR Jim Lennon Sidney Lens PROFESSORS Hans K oingsberger Ashley Montagu Conor Cruise O’Brien Douglas F. Doud D.F. Fleming Maurice Zeitlin Sidney M. Peck Noam Chomsky Richard Lichtman J.B. Neilands Montgom ry Furth William Lindner Stephen Smale Donald B. McLeod Cyril Epstein Roger Dittmann A.K. Bierman O. Revault d’Allonnes Madeleine Riberioux Laurent Schwartz A. Soboul Staughton L ynd MUSIC David Amram POL ITICS Reies Lopez Tijerina Jesse Gray Floyd McKissick James Forman Julian Bond Tom Hayden Maria Jolas Denis Berger Joby Fanon Mrs. Betty Shabazz Stokely Carmichael Carl Oglesby ATTORNEYS. Harr Nier Len Holt Mal Burnstein Paul Halvonik Sherwin A. Shayne Eugene Deikman M. Lafue-Veon MLR. Plasson Stibbe Gisele Halimi John Thorne PHYSICIANS O scar Rambo, M.D. Philip Shapiro, M.D. Carlton Goodlett, M.D. Robert E. Greenberg, M.D. EDITORS Angus Cameron Irving Beinin Arthur Wang Aar on Asher Joe Fox Richard Huett J.R. Talbo Marilynn Meeker Leo Huberm In Carey McWilliams Robert Silvers John J. Simon Theodore Solotaroff POLITICAL PRISONER HUEY NEWTON INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE TO DEFEND ELDRIDGE CLEAVER I would like to join the efforts of all those who are working to defend El- dridge Cleaver from political persecution. name to the list of sponsors of the International Committee to assist the legal expenses and the Committee’s I can volunteer some time to help the Committee State : —— Organization or Title ICDEC, 495 Beach Street, San Francisco, Calif, 94133 Robert Scheer, Director Date campaign to publicize and promote Eldridge Cleaver’s defense, SSCA Zip THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 PAGE 17 BLACK PANTHER PAPER NEEDS: TYPISTS, WRITERS, HELP NEEDED Give Your Time And Talent To The Black Liberation Movement Stop By National Office 3106 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley, Calif. Or Call 845-0103 or (4) Leave Name, Address & Telephone No. TYPESETTERS, STENOGRAPHERS, PHOTOGRAPHERS, AND OFFICE EQUIPMENT. BLACK PEOPLE: KEEP YOUR GUNS CALIFORNIA AND FEDERAL GUN LAWS This article is to serve as a guide for the members of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY and is not to be construed as a substitute for competent legal counsel. 12001 -- A concealable firearm is any firearm having a barrel less than 12 inches in length. 12025 -- Any person caught with a concealable firearm CONCEALED on their person or within any vehicle is guilty of a misdemeanor, 12026 -- No license is required for any citizen 18 years or over to keep a legal weapon in their home or place of business, (Some weapons require federal registration.) : 12027 -- Persons exempt from Section 12025 includes members of any club or organization or- ganized for the purpose of practicing shooting at targets upon established target ranges, whether pub- lic or private, while such members are using firearms upon.such target ranges, or while going to and from such ranges, 12031 -- Except as provided in subdivision (b), every person who carries a loaded firearm on his person or in a vehicle while in any public place or on any public street in any incorporated city or in any public place or on any public street in a prohibited area of unincorporated territory is guilty of a misdemeanor. (>) Persons who are using target ranges for the purpose of practice shooting with a firearm, or who are members of shooting clubs while hunting on the premises for such clubs. i (c) In order to determine whether or not a firearm is loaded, pigs are authorized to examine any firearm carried by anyone on his person or in a vehicle while in any public place. Refusal to allow a pig to inspect a firearm constitutes probable cause for arrest. (h) Nothing in this section is intended to preclude the carrying of any loaded firearm, under circumstances where it would be otherwise be lawful, by a person who reasonably believes that the person or property of himself or another is in immediate danger and that the carrying of such a weapon is necessary for the preservation of such person or property. (j) Nothing in this section shall prevent any person from having a loaded weapon, if it is other- wise lawful, at his place of residence, including any temporary residence or campsite. 12552 -- Every person who furnishes any firearm, air gun, or gas-operated gun, designed to fire a bullet, pellet or metal projectile, to any minor under the age of 18 years, without the expressed or im- plied permission of the parent or legal guardian of the manor, is guilty of a misdemeanor. 12560 -- Any felon who owns, has in his possession or under his custode or control any firearm is punishable by imprisonment in the State Prison not exceeding 15 years, or in a county jail not ex- ceeding one year and/or by a fine not exceeding $500, FEDERAL LAW (1) Title X of the Civil Rights Act provides that anyone who demonstrates, manufacturers, trans- Ports, or teaches the use of firearms, explosives, or incendiary devices for use in riots or civil disorders may be imprisoned for up to 5 years and fined $10,000, (2) Title VII of the Crime Control Act states that felons, veterans discharged other than honorably, mental incompetent, aliens illegally in the United States, or former U.S, citizens who have renounced their citizenship, who possess, receive, or transport interstate any firearm may be punished by a fine of $10,000, (3) The National Firearm Act requires that a $200tax be paid on each transfer of any fully automatic firearm, rifles with barrels under 16 inches, shotguns with barrels under, 18 inches, any rifle or shot- gun under 26 inches overall, or silencers, The Act also requires that the $200 tax be paid on the mak- ing of any firearm that meets the specifications listed above, THE FOLLOWING LAWS BECAME EFFECTIVE ON DECEMBER 16, 1968 (1) Only a licensed manufacturer or dealer may ship or transport interstate any firearm (other than a rifle or a shotgun) or any ammunition to anyone but a licensed dealer or manufacturer. (Lic- ensed importers may also ship and receive all firearms and ammunition interstate.) (2) No one but a licensed dealer, manufacturer, or importer may receive in his state of residence any firearm (other than a rifle or shotgun) that has been obtained by him outside his state of resi- dence, (3) Only a licensed dealer, manufacturer, or importer may give, trade, transfer, transport, or deliver any firearm (other than a rifle or shotgun to anyone living in another state.) (4) To receive or transport into any state a firearm that cannot be legally purchased in that state is a federal offense. (©) Only a licensed dealer, importer, or manufacturer may ship or transport in interstate commerce any fully automatic weapon or any sawed-off shotgun or rifle, This article is not intended as a substitute for competent legal counsel. POCKET LAWYER OF LEGAL FIRST AID This pocket lawyer is provided as a means of keeping biack people up to date on their rights. We are always the first to be arrested and the racist police forces are constantly trying to pre- tend that rights are extended equally to all people. Cut this out, brothers and sisters, and carry it with you. Until we arm ourselves to righteously take care of our own, the pocket lawyer is what's happening. 1. If you are stopped and/or arrested by the police, you may re- main silent; you do not have to answer any questions about al- leged crimes, you should provide your name and address only if requested (although it is not absolutely clear that you must do so.) . But then do so, and at all time remember the fifth amendment. 2. If a police officer is not in uniform, ask him to show his iden- tification. He has no authority over you unless he properly identi- fies himself. Beware of persons posing as police officers. Always "get his badge number and his name. 3. Police have no right to search your car or your home unless they have a search warrant, probable cause or your consent. They may conduct no exploratory search, that is, one for evidence of crime generally or for evidence of a crime unconnected with the one you are being questioned about. (Thus, a stop for an auto violation does not give the right to search the auto.) You are not required to consent to a search; therefore, you should not consent and should state clearly and unequivocally that you do not consent, in front of witnesses if possible. If you do not consent, the police will have the burden in court of showing probably cause. Arrest may be corrected later. 4. You may not resist arrest forcibly or by going limp, even if you are innocent. To do so is a separate crime of which you can be con- victed even if you are acquitted of the original charge. Do not re- sist arrest under any circumstances. 5. If you are stopped and/or arrested, the police may search you by patting you on the outside of your clothing. You can be stripped of your personal possessions. Do not carry anything that includes the name of your employer or friends. i 7. Do not engage in “friendly” conversation with officers on the B Way to or at the station Once you are arrested, there is little like- B lihood that anything you say will get you released. Bf 8. As soon as you have been booked, you have the right to com- ff plete at least two phone calls —one to a relative, friend or attorney, Bf the other to a bail bondsman. If you can, call the Black Panther Bf Party, 845-0103 (845-0104), and the Party will post bail if possible 9. You must be allowed to hire and see an attorney immediately. 10. You do not have to give any statement to the police, nor do \you have to sign any statement you might give them, and therefore you should not sign anything. Take the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments, because you cannot be forced to testify against yourself. 11. You must be allowed to post-bail in most cases, but you must be able to pay the bail bondsmen’s fee. If you cannot pay the fee, you may ask the judge to release you from custody without bail or to lower your bail, but he does not have to do so. (12. The police must bring you into court or release you within 48 ff hours after your arrest (unless the time e?ds on a week-end or a Bf holiday, and they must bring you before a judge the first day court Eh is in session.) 13. If you do no’ have the money to hire an attorney, immedi- ately ask the police to get you an attorney without charge. 14. If you have the money to hire a private attorney, but do no} know of one, call the National Lawyers’ Guild or the Alameda County Bar Association (or the Bar Association of ydur county) and furnish you with the name of an attorney who practices criminal law. BESS Sea SSS ea SSP as aaa See PHONE: (415) 658-0236. 5800 GROVE ST. OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA 3 — FREE PARKING WHILE SHOPPING — == THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9,1969 PAGE 18 5; 10 POINT PROGRAM AND PLATFORM OF THE BLACK STUDENT UNIONS “IMPORTANT” BLACK - STUDENT UNIONS The BLACK STUDENTS UNIONS have formed a state wide Union of B.S.U.’s, and are in the process of organizing on a national level. We call upon all BLACK STUDENTS to unite. 2 If your BLACK STUDENTS UNION hasn’t become a member of this UNION of BLACK STUDENTS UNIONS send a letter or telegram giving information about your B.S.U. and the conditions that exist within your i We want an education for our people that exposes the true nature of this decadent American society. We want an education that teaches us our true history and role in the present day society. HOKE We believe in an educational system that will give our people a knowledge of at an self. If a man does not have knowledge of himself and his position in society area. Become a part of a united movement of B.S.U.’s and stop moving Be and the world, then he has little chance to relate to anything else. on an individual bases. Together we will become the most effective organi- ae zation on this earth; divided we are weak. 1. WE WANT FREEDOM. WE WANT POWER TO DETERMINE THE ake Send your letter to: DESTINY OF OUR SCHOOL. ae BLACK STUDENTS UNION i Kd NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS Bi We believe that we will not be free within the schools to get a decent es 3106 SHATTUCK ST. ae education unless we are able to have a say and determine the type of ae BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA at education that will affect and determine the destiny of our people. \ ie Bnd a 2. WE WANT FULL ENROLLMENT IN THE SCHOOLS FOR OUR By Be PEOPLE. A ae ae at We believe that the city and federal government is responsible and ag ae obligated to give every man a decent education. re at ae 3. WE WANT AN END TO THE ROBBERY BY THE WHITE MAN OF ae OUR BLACK COMMUNITY. Doe We believe that this racist government has robbed us of an education. We believe that this racist capitalist government has robbed the Black Community of its money by forcing us to pay higher taxes for less quality. 4. WE WANT DECENT EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES, FIT FOR THE USE OF STUDENTS. We believe that if these businessmen will not give decent facilities to our community schools, then the schools and their facilities should be taken out, of the hands of these few individual racists and placed into the hands of the community, with government aid, so the community can develop a decent and suitable educational system. eR RRR 5. WE WANT AN EDUCATION FOR OUR PEOPLE THAT TEACHES US HOW TO SURVIVE IN THE PRESENT DAY SOCIETY. We believe that if the educational system does not teach us how to survive in society and the world it loses its meaning for existence. = 6. WE WANT ALL RACIST TEACHERS TO BE EXCLUDED AND ea RESTRICTED FROM ALL PUBLIC SCHOOLS. ute Dox) > SORT T ‘9 Dost We believe that if the teacher in a school is acting in racist fashion then ate that teacher is not interested in the welfare or development of the students . 3 . but only in their destruction. z x ‘4 7. WE WANT AN IMMEDIATE END%TO POLICE BRUTALITY AND an Bs MURDER OF BLACK PEOPLE. WE WANT ALL POLICE AND SPECIAL Bd ay AGENTS TO BE EXCLUDED AND RESTRICTED FROM SCHOOL an PREMISES. We believe that there should be an end to harasment by the police department of Black people. We believe that if all of the police were pulled out of the schools, the schools would become more functional. eeu in 8. WE WANT ALL STUDENTS THAT HAVE BEEN EXEMPT, ays a EXPELLED, OR SUSPENDED FROM SCHOOL TO BE REINSTATED. i a We believe all students should be reinstated’ because they haven’t received B fair and impartial judgment or have been put out because of incidents or BG = situations that have occured outside of the schools authority. ae an as . 9. WE WANT ALL STUDENTS WHEN. BROUGHT TO TRIAL TO BE ae TRIED IN STUDENT COURT BY A JURY OF THEIR PEER GROUP OR a STUDENTS OF THEIR SCHOOL. a a % We believe that the“student Courts should follow the United States * ans Constitution so that students can receive a fair trial. The 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution gives a man a right to be tried by a jury of his peer group. A peer is a person from a similar economical, social, religious, geographical, environmental, historical and racial background. To do this the = a court would be forced to select a jury of students from the community from Kd 2 which the defendent came. We have been and are being tried by a white ae 9 principal, vice-principal, and white students that have no understanding of the ay 5 “average reasoning man” of the Black Community. ie ‘= 4 10. WE WANT POWER,- ENROLLMENT, EQUIPMENT, EDUCATION, Es TEACHERS, JUSTICE, AND PEACE. Be oe As our major political objective, an assembly for the student body, in ae ae which only the students will be allowed to participate, for the purpose of aye b determining the will of the students as to the school’s destiny. ag We hold these truths as being self-evident, that all men are created equal, aa that they are endowed by their creator with certain inalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. To secure these rights within the schools, governments are instituted among the students, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, that whenever any form of student government becomes destructive to these ends, it is the right of the students to alter or abolish it and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its power in such form as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes, and accordingly all experiences have shown, that mankind are more liable to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and force, pursuing invariably the same object, reveals a design to reduce them to absolute destruction, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such a government and to provide new guards for their future security. PLP LLANE ILI 62S FALLS ALA LR LALSERLI THER SELES T RES CHRALOEOEOVEEVORE E AA RADRARAARA ARIA RR RAASERSAARARRARALS EAR AS ARE EE DD NEEDED: TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT MINISTER OF DEFENSE, HUEY P. NEWTON SAYS: “THE SPIRIT OF THE PEOPLE IS GREATER THAN THE MAN’S TECHNOLOGY.” BUT TO MOST EFFECTIVELY COMBAT THE INJUS- TICES OF THE PIG-STRUCTURE, THE SPIRIT OF THE PEOPLE SHOULD LEAD THEM TO DEVELOP TECH- NOLOGY GREATER THAN THE “MAN’S!” THEN WE WILL MINIMIZE OUR LOSSES WHILE WE WAGE THE REVOLUTIONARY STRUGGLE) BROTHERS, SISTERS, AND ALLIES IN THE REVOLUTION — WE NEED ALL TYPES OF TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT: FOR DEFENSE FOR FINANCING FOR OFFICE WORK FOR TRANSPORTATION FOR HEALTH AND FIRST AID , INTERESTED PARTIES SHOULD ADDRESS CORRESPONDENCE.,TO: MINISTRY OF INFORMATION BLACK PANTHER PARTY BOX 2967, CUSTOM HOUSE SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94126 HUEY POSTER *1.00 MINISTRY OF INFORMATION BLACK PANTHER PARTY BOX 2967, CUSTOM HOUSE SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94126 NOW AVAILABLE... ESSAYS FROM THE MINISTER OF DEFENSE b HUEY P. NEWTON WITH FORCEFUL INTRODUCTION BY GEORGE MURRAY BLACK PANTHER MINISTER OF EDUCATION --ONLY 75<-- -STATE ORDERS: $1.00 (includes postage & handling) AVAILABLE AT ALL BLACK PANTHER PARTY OFFICES MAIL-ORDERS MAY BE SENT TO: (NOTE: PLEASE INCLUDE 10* FOR POSTAGE & HANDLING) MINISTRY OF INFORMATION BLACK PANTHER PARTY BOX 2967, CUSTOM HOUSE SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94126 THE BLACK PANTHER SUNDAY, MARCH 9, 1969 PAGE 19 ee ies MINISTER OF DEFENSE — —— —— Please Clip ond Mail to: == — = a ee HUEY P. NEWTON DEFENSE FUND P.O. BOX 318 BERKELEY, CALIF. 94701 address city 1 Pledge $ Enclosed You Will Find $ BREAKFAST FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN OAKLAND, California -- The National Advisory Cabinet to the Black Panther Party is working with and for St.Augustine Episcopal Church's program: breakfast in the morning for Oakland's school enildren in the black community. All children in grammar schools and growing young adults in Junior High Schools can receive free, FULL BREAKFASTS in the mornings before they go to school. The first of there breakfasts will exist one hour before school hours at St. Augustine’s Church, 27th and West, and the Black Community Center, at 42nd and Grove Streets, EVERY SCHOOL MORNING, The National Advisory Cabinet and church members are calling on all mothers and others who want to work with this revolutionary program of makinz sure that our young have ful] stomachs before going to school, The schools and the Board of Education should have had this program instituted a loag time ago, How can our children learn anything when most of their stomachs are empty? Black people in the Black Community-mothers, welfare recipients, grand- mothers, guardians, and others who are trying to raise children in the biaeck community where racists oppress us - are asked to come forth to work and support this necded program, Soul food: grits, eggs, bread, and meat for the stomachs is where it’s at when it comes to properly preparing our children for education, LET’S DO IT NOW. Support this community program, Those who want to volunteer their work every morning or every other morning can come to the BLACK PANTHER PARTY CENTRAL HEADQUARTERS at 3106 Shattuck Ave., Berkeley or contact Father Niel at these numbers: 534-8584, 293-1016. Interested persoas may also contact Ruth Beckford Smith at 893-8211 or sign up with other community peoples and citizens for full stomachs and better educa- tion of black children. We urge as many mothers and other black citizens as possible to wiite with this COMMUNITY-BLACK PANTHER PROGRAM, We are also asking all businesses throughout the black community to donate the necessary food and utensils toprepare the foods for our children, Call the Black Panther Office at 845-0103 or 845-0104, Everything of value donated to BREAKFAST FOR CHILDREN is tax deductable. Items or funds may be sent c/o St, Augustine Episcopal Church. Just let us know, both black and white communities and citizens, what you can donate in money, time, etc. Thank you eo | ! BREAKFAST FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN | I WOULD LIKE TO DONATE * I SEND DONATIONS TO ST, AUGUSTINE'S H EPISCOPAL CHURCH, 2624 WEST ST,, OAKLAND | | O Money Enclosed is $ OTime Food or Utensils-State Kind and Quantity Below If Business include for your tax exemption Address City, State Zip ! ! | | | I I Name | ! | | | l --- —-- MAKE CHECKS TO: BFSC—ST. AUGUSTINES CHURCH ‘THieBbACK PANTHER SUNDA YyrMARCH By 1069 -PAGH 2b