Vol. 3, No. 12

Tz Black Community News Service PUBLISHED 967, CUSTOM HOUSE EK IS The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 2 Prison, Where Is Thy Victory? Huey P. Newton When a person studies mathema- tics, he learns that there are many mathematical laws which deter- mine the approach he must take to solving the problems presented to him, In the study of geometry, one of the first laws a person learns is that “the whole is not greater than the sum of its parts’’, This means simply that one cannot have a geometrical figure such as a circle or a square which in its totality, contains more than it ‘does when broken down into smaller parts, Therefore, if all the smaller parts add up to a cer- tain amount, the entire figure can- not add up to a larger amount. The prison cannot have a victory Omaha Fascist Killer Is Supported By AFL-CIO Last week a fascist pig killer by the name of James Loder shot and killed a fourteen year old black girl in Omaha, Nebraska. The child, Vivian Strong, was shot in cold blood by this pig while she was doing no more than James Rector was doing when he became target practice for the trigger happy A- merican S,S, The witnessing of this outright murder, this outright ‘extermination of a human life, sparked the fuel for fire that was always there, People picked up the gun to defend themselves against the gestapo forces that occupy their community like a foreign troop occupies territory. This fascist terror, this geno- cide is not only tolerated by those who hold power in society, but it is also endorsed and financed by them, Before Vivian Strong was even buried, the AFL-CIO had established a defense fund for Pig James Loder. Funds have been contributed by such locals as the state, county, and muni- cipal Employees Union of Neb- raska, Fascist punk Loder has over the prisoner, because those in charge take the same kind of approach to the prisoner and as- sume if they have the whole body in a cell that they have there all that makes up the person, But a prisoner is not a geometrical fi- gure, and an approach which is successful in mathematics, is Huey P, Newton, Minister of Defense wholly unsuccessful when dealing with human beings, In the case of the human, weare not dealing only with the single in- dividual, we are also dealing with the ideas and beliefs which have motivated him and which sustain him, even when his body is con- fined, In the case of humanity the whole is much greater than its parts, because the whole includes the body which is measurable and confineable, and also the ideas which cannot be measured and which cannot be confined, The ideas are not only within the mind of the prisoner where they cannot be seen nor controlled, the ideas are also within the people. The ideas which | can and will sustain our movement for total freedom and dignity of the people, cannot be imprisoned, for they are to be found in the people, all the people, wherever they are, As long as the people live by the ideas of freedom and dignity there will be no prison which can hold our movement down, Ideas move from one person to another in the association of brothers and sisters - who recognize that a most evil sys- tem of capitalism has set us against each other, when our real enemy is the exploiter who profits from our poverty, When we realize such an idea then we come to love and appreciate our brothers and sisters who we may have seen as enemies, and those expoliters who we may have seen as friends are revealed for what they truly are to all oppressed people. The people are the idea, the respect and dig- nity of the people, as they move toward their freedom is the sus- taining force which reaches into and out of the prison, The walls, the bars, the guns and the guards can never encircle or hold down the idea of the people. And the people must always carry forward the idea which is their dignity and their beauty. The prison operates with the idea that when it has a person’s body it has his entire being--since the whole cannot be greater than the sum of its parts, They put the body in a cell, and seem to get some sense of relief and security from that fact, The idea of prison vic- tory then, is that when the person in jail begins to act, think, and be- lieve the way they want him to, then they have won the battle and the person is then ‘‘ rehabilitated’. But this cannot be the case, because those who operate the prisons, have failed to examine their own beliefs thoroughly, and they fail to under- HW irevhato VIVIAN STRONG ‘A shot and she fell’ PW irenhoto JAMES LODER A break-in call One witness said that Loder ‘‘just raised his arm and shot. He just fired one shot and Vivian fell. The cop didn’t yell ‘‘halt’’ or nothing. He just stood there and shot’’, been charged with manslaughter according to my latest informa- tion, This means that the pig will be walking the streets ready to kill again while Huey P. Newton has to sit and suffer at the hands of California’s fascist goons in prison, The dirty news media has already attempted to sway public sympathy toward this fas- cist killer by stating that he is the adopted son of actress Hedy Lamarr,The oppressed people of Babylon don’t give a fuck because Vivian Strong is somebody's daughter also, The AFL-CIO can well afford to defend its hired killers, seeing as they get their money from the American CIA who has a blank check to finance any atrocity that it so chooses, This allotment from the CIA to seven unions is $1.3 million, The people know this and a whole lot more. This is why more and more people have picked up the gun, and declared: ‘‘the fas- cist pigs must withdraw their op- pressive forces or Blood to the Horse’s Brow and Woe to those Who Cannot Swim.” Bigman stand the types of people they at- tempt to control. Therefore, even when the prison thinks it has won the victory, there is no victory. There are two types of prison- ers, The largest number are those who accept the legitimacy of the as- sumptions upon which the society is based, They wish to acquire the same goals as everybody else, money, power, greed, and conspic- uous consumption, In order to do so, however, they adopt techniques and methods which the society has defined as illegitimate. When this is discovered such people are put in jail. They may be called ‘‘il- legitimate capitalists’ since their aim is to acquire everything this capitalistic society defines as legitimate. The second type of prisoner, is the one who rejects the legitimacy of the assumptions upon which the society is based. He argues that the people at the bottom of the society are exploited for the profit and advantage of those at the top, Thus, the oppressed exist, and will always be used to maintain the privileged status of the exploiters, There is no sacred- ness, there is no dignity in either exploiting or being exploited. Al- though this system may make the society function at a high level of technological efficiency, it is an illegitimate system, since it rests upon the suffering of humans who are as worthy and as dignified as those who do not suffer. Thus, the second type of prisoner says that the society is corrupt and il- legitimate and must be overthrown. This second type of prisoner is the political prisoner. They do not accept the legitimacy of the society and cannot participate in its cur- rupting exploitation, whether they are in the prison or on the block, The prison cannot gain a vic- tory over either type of prisoner no matter how hard it tries, The “Tegitimate capitalist’ recog- nizes that if he plays the game the prison wants him to play, he will have his time reduced and be re~- leased to continue his activities, Therefore, he is willing to go through the prison programs and do the things he is told, He is willing to say the things the prison authorities want to hear. The pri- son assumes he is‘‘rehabilitated”’ and ready for the society, The prisoner has really played the prison’s game so that he can be released to resume pursuit of his capitalistic goals, There isno vic- tory, for the prisoner from the git- go accepted the idea ofthe society, He pretends to accept the idea of the prison as a part of the gamehe has always played. The prison cannot gain a victory over the political prisoner because he has nothing to be rehabilitated from or to, He refuses to accept the legitimacy of the system and refuses to participate. To parti- cipate is to admit that the society is legitimate because of its ex- ploitation of the oppressed, This is the idea which the political prisoner does not accept, this is the idea for which he has been im- prisoned, and this isthe reason why he cannot cooperate with the system, The political prisoner will, in fact, serve his time just as will the ‘illegitimate capi- talist’’, Yet the idea which moti- vated and sustained the political prisoner rests in the people, all the prison has, is a body. The dignity and beauty of man rests in the human spirit which makes him more than simply a physical being, This spirit must never be suppressed for exploit- ation by others. As long as the people recognize the beauty oftheir human spirits and move against suppression and exploitation, they will be carrying out one of the most beautiful ideas of all time, Because the human whole is much greater than the sum of its parts, the ideas will always be among the People. The prison cannot be victorious because walls, bars and guards cannot conquer or hold down an idea, ’ POWER TO THE PEOPLE: BLACK POWER TO BLACK PEO2*%e—— PLE, AND PANTHER POWER TO THE VANGUARD, Huey P, Newton Minister of Defense Black Panther Party The Political Prisoner Hail to thee Brother Huey. Power to thee, man who art Truly a man. Honor to thee, Man whose blood makes him noble. Noble Black blood. Freedom blood. Blood of the people. He whose body courses with revolutionary life blood, that ener- gizes his being with the force and power Of a people struggling to be free. He whose concepts and ideals cannot be encased in a steel cage. But possesses wings forged from the hope and desperation of the Oppressed masses. _And fly into the Hearts and Minds of the people. We will be free someday, Bro- ther Huey. You will be the cause of it. Therefore your body will be freed as your mind and soul already are. We swear it, beloved leader. Love and Power will free us. Love (for freedom) and Power (to us) will free you. Barry L. Hicks — Hayakawa Photo by Lou de la Torre S.1 ele Civilian Exclusion Order No. 5 WESTERN DEFENSE COMMAND AND FOURTH ARMY WARTIME CIVIL CONTROL ADMINISTRATION Presidio of San Francisco, California April 1, 1942 INSTRUCTIONS ‘TO ALL PERSONS OF JAPANESE ANCESTRY ~All that portion of the City and County of San Francisco, State of California, lying generally west of the north-south line established by Junipero Serra Boulevard, Worchester Avenue, and Nineteenth Ave- nue, and lying generally north of the east-west line established by California Street, to the intersection of Market Street, and thence on The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 3 = 1701 Van Ness Avenue San Francisco, California _-The Civil Control Station is equipped to assist the Japanese popula- tion affected by this evacuation in the following ways: 1. Give advice and instructions on the evacuation, 2. Provide services with respect to the management, leasing, sale, storage or other disposition of most kinds of property including: real estate, business and professional equipment, buildings, household goods, boats, automobiles, livestock, ete. 3. Provide temporary residence elsewhere for all Japanese in family groups. 4. Transport persons and a limited amount of clothing and equip- ment to their new residence, as specified below. THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS MUST BE OBSERVED: 1. A responsible member of each family, preferably the head of the family, or the person in whose name most of the property is held, and each individual living alone, will report to the Civil Control Station to receive further instructions. This must be done between 8:00 a. m. and 5:00 p. m., Thursday, April 2, 1942, or between 8:00 a. m. and 5:00 p. m., Friday, April 3, 1942. 2. Evacuees must carry with them on departure for the Reception Center, the following property: (a) Bedding and linens (no mattress) for each member of the family ; (b) Toilet articles for each member of the family; (ec) Extra clothing for each member of the family; (d) Sufficient knives, forks, spoons, plates, bowls and eups for each member of the family; (e) Essential personal effects for each member of the family. All items carried will be securely packaged, tied and plainly marked with the name of the owner and numbered in accordance with instruetions received at the Civil Control Station. The size and number of packages is limited to that which can be carried by the individual or family group. No contraband items as described in paragraph 6, Public Procla- mation No. 3, Headquarters Western Defense Command and Fourth Army, dated March 24, 1942, will be carried. 3. The United States Government through its agencies will provide for the storage at the sole risk of the owner of the more substantial household items, such as iceboxes, washing machines, pianos and other heavy furniture. Cooking utensils and other small items will be ac- cepted if crated, packed and plainly marked with the name and address of the owner. Only one name and address will be used by a given family. 4 Hach family, and individual living alone, will be furnished transportation to the Reception Center. Private means of transporta- tion will not be utilized, All instructions i to the movement will be obtained at the Civil Control Station. Go to the Civil Control Station at 1701 Van Ness Avenue, San April 7, 1942. Control Station located at- Market Street to San Franciseo Bay. All Japanese persons, both alien and non-alien, will be evacuated from the above designated area by 12:00 o’clock noon, Tuesday, No Japanese person will be permitted to enter or leave the above described area after 8:00 a. m. Thursday, April 2, 1942, without obtaining special permission from the Provost Marshal at the Civil Francisco, California, between 8:00 a. m. and 5:00 p. m., Thursday, April 2, 1942, or between 8:00 a. m. and 5:00 p. m., Friday, April 3, 1942, to receive further instructions. J. L. DeWITT Lieutenant General, U. 8. Army See Civilian Exclusion Order No. 5 Commanding Liberation School from a Mothers Point of View On Wednesday, June 25, the first Black Panther Liberation School in the East Bay was started at the Good Sheppard Church, 9th and Hearst Streets in Berkeley, Having heard the sound trucks through the neighborhood announcing the start of school the day before, I decided to go down with my two year oldson to observe the scene and see what I could contribute to it, What I found was a well organized, pro- gressive school in the true spirit of socialism, On the first day about 10 to 15 children, ages from four to ten, showed up, Now, after over a week, the attendence varies from 25 to 30. All are given a warm welcome into the “Big Family’, as the group is called, In fact, I was warmly sur- prised when talking with one of the Panther sisters on the first day to hear her say, ‘Could you bring your son every day?’’ Not sure of what a spirited two year old could learn and/or contribute, I decided to give it a try and continue to do so with few regrets. The day begins at 9:00 a,m, with about three or four children, A breakfast of cereal, milk and fruit or donuts milk and fruit is served them by the Panther staff and com- munity volunteers, many of whom are active in other organizations. As soon as the few are served, the ‘frush’’ of the remaining children arriving begins. All are served at the low tables and they eat quitely, receiving seconds if desired, and after finishing the children clean up the tables. As soon as all are finished the class begins, The class is taught by one of the Panther sisters staff (the staff has changed several times as the starting staff have gone to start other programs and are replaced.) The teaching follows the Panther program and knowledge of the key Panther learders--Huey P, New- ton, Eldridge Cleaver, Bobby Hut- ton, Bobby Seale, in particular-- form a daily part of the class, The children are also taught about society in terms of the class struggle in a clear way which is easily understood by children. Each day of the week is al- located to a particular study: one day will be set aside for teaching class struggle, another will be taken up with a film about such struggles as the Democratic Na- tional Convention in Chicago and Friday is Field Day, The Field Days are orgnized around Pan- ther activities and are designed to graphically demonstrate the ra- cist, class nature of the society in which the children live. Thus, one week the children visited the scene of the April 6, 1968, police mas- sacre which resulted in the death by murder of Bobby Hutton. The class also saw the scene where Huey P, Newton was accosted by Oakland pigs and framed ona man- slaughter charge. During the week, the children study about current events, revolutionary culture as well as theory of class struggle. The educaton is well received. The children retain the knowledge well as key and complicated con- cepts are put onsimple terms, De- finitions such as ‘Liberation means Freedom’', Revolution means change’’, ‘‘ Revolutionaries are Changers’’, are easily under- stood by the children and each of the definitions are explained in greater detail during the course of study. All of the key personalities in the Black Panther Party and in politics are identified with large posters or pictures, with a key meaning put to them so that chil- dren won’ t forget these individuals. For instance, one well known pic- ture of Eldridge Cleaver shows him eating a piece of watermelon. So, the teacher shows the picture and asks, ‘Who is he?’ ‘*Eldridge Cleaver!’’ is the loud response, “What is Eldridge doing?’ ‘‘Eat- ing watermelon!’’ Discipline for such a youthful group presents no problem, Dis- cipline is enforced in a positive social sense; children are taught to be responsible to themselves and others, Thus, they are admonished that ‘‘if you want to be a part of the Big Family, you have to be- have’’ or ‘‘If you are going to be a revolutionary, you must listen’’. They are also admonished that selfish, irresponsible actions are not socialistic, Part of the training includes physical exercise. Each of the children take turns in ‘‘teaching’’ the class by leading in the various exercises, Leaders are pickedac- cording to their behavior and de- gree of responsibility. Even the staff and voluntary staff parti- cipate, following as the leader calls out ‘30 jumping jacks’’--and one might add, ‘‘and one for Huey!’’ After the exercises, the chil- dren line up in pairs and march to Panther songs down the block and back again, appearing very much like a revolutionary army. Into the building they march and sit down to a snack of fruit and class resumes again. The children are also afforded an opportunity to exercise their creative talents with drawing from cartoons in the Black Panther Party newspaper or just freelance. The children--if not the adults-- know what they are drawing. Exam- ining one four year old’s rather confusing, colored shapes on paper, I asked what it was, She confidently replied, ‘It’s a big grocery store where they rob the people,’’ Right on! Although both the breakfasts and lunches are adequate, the staff often finds it necessary to dip in- to their own pockets for food and non-food items such as napkins, paper cups, etc. The donations simply are not collected fast enough and the expanding program requires increasing donations. Splendid organization is not enough; funds for food and im- provements in cooking facilities are very much needed, Not only for the Summer program, but for the regular school year. The as- sault by pigs upon the Sacramento office of the Black Panther Party illustrates clearly that it is not only a question of money alone. It is a question of political struggle so that the whole of society--not a small collection of individuals within it--will meet the urgent needs of providing hot lunches and breakfasts for all children. Dona- tions of food and money can be made to the Black Panther Party, 3106 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley, Calif. 94705. I am not entirely sure of what my two year old son has learned about either the Panthers or Re- volutionary struggle, although he has benefitted from the discipline and daily conduct with other chil- dren, But one thing is sure: the Black Panther Party has»hit upon a very revolutionary concept in education and comes the Fall, the ‘little changers’’ will, march off to school well nourished in food and thought to teach others what they have learned, They will grow up fully capable of confronting the “power structure’, the ruling class in a meaningful fashion, fully prepared to wage whatever kind of struggle is required to recreate America along more humane, just, socialist lines, Perhaps my little son will, in time, come to understand the most important thing--that ‘‘Fascismis the fat (avaricious) businessman,’’ ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE ALL POWER TO THE YOUTH The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 4 ONCENTRATION CAMPS In a recent article ’ ve written about the extermination of our Black population, Well, now if you are still not convinced here comes the WHERE'S, Let’s deal with the names and locations before going any further: Tule Lake - Claifornia Wickenburg - Arizona Florence - Arizona Safford - Arizona Tucson ~ Arizona El Reno - Oklahoma Montgomery - Alabama Greenville - South Carolina Mill Point - West Virginia Allenwood - Pennsylvania Avon Park ~ Florida Elmendorf - Alaska urity Emergency’’ caused by war, invasion or CIVIL UPRISING, Thus giving the pigs the power to arrest and jail anyone they think will engage in or probably conspire against the government of the United States, You can be snatched off the streets or from your home and never be heard from again. (Remember the beginning outrages against the Jewish population of Germany) Ponar. Without even a hearing, Title II permits the G- men or other arresting officers to jail you for 48 hours - and if in that period of time the Attorney General’s office feels that you are any way a threat to National Sec- urity, your hearing as wellas your irrational police authoritarianism and coercion. Well these are the known areas for detention, This may be your | home tomorrow or it may be your Place of burial the day after, I stated ‘‘Maybe’’, because I don’t know if you are armed or not and I don’t know if youare brainwashed and, or narrow-minded or notandI don’t know if you exercise the wis- dom of being prepared just incase the Black Panther Party is right or not. I don’t know if you value your life enough to fight for it. So Pll stick to ‘Maybe’. Three of these detention centers are now in operational use in a slightly different guise, the rest (as far as I know) are ready and available with a minimum of pre- paration - and all that is needed to fill these camps with thousands of Black, whites, browns, is ahigh ranking pig - (probably one you voted in) to launch ‘Operation Dragnet’’, The warrants already exist. The concentration camps are mostly ready and waiting. Only thetimeto fill them has not yet arrived, Oper- ation Dragnet is the manifestation of Title II of the Beastly McCarran Act, a law which when put into force can slap at least 12,000 suspected subversives behind barbed wire within 24 hours, On September 22, 18 years ago Congress, by a two-thirds vote, made an official public law 831. Now it is known as the Internal Security Act of 1950. Under it, the president is authorized to declare the existence of an ‘Internal Sec- whereabouts can be kept secret. ‘ Anyone considered as a ghetto dweller can be a threat because the manner of life you are forced to live warrants change, not to mention, revenge. The Bay Area is full of FBI, CIA (G-Men) or shall we say SS. I advise you not to take this lightly, because if you are not following the advice and tactics set down for you by the Black Panther Party, then you are virtually defenseless, For you brothers and sisters who plan to survive here in the Bay, Area or any where in fascist U S.A. I say to you ‘‘All Power tothe Peo- ple’. For the rest I will sadly say, that Tule Lake, Calif., nine miles outside of Newall is waiting for you, From 1942 through March 1946 it held 16,000 Japanese-Americans, when they were released they fled the barbed wire and clapboard Gi barracks like the wretched in- ternees they were, Tule Lake has been on standby since 1952, about the same time that the numerous passification and dividing programs popped up onthe scene, The plan is set out in elaborate detail in a government document of the 90th Congress and session called House Report No: 135] and is dated May 6, 1968, Here is how the Blacks will be dealt with; Identification cards will be issued, and combat areas such as ghettos or riot torn college campuses, will be sealed off, and then... 1. A curfew would be imposed on the enclosed areas, No one would be allowed out of or into, the area after sundown. 2, During the night, authorities will not only patrol the boundry lines, but will also attempt to control the streets and, if necessary send out foot patrols through the entire area, If the guerrillas attempt to either break out of the area or (try) to engage the authorities in combat, they will be readily sup- pressed, 3. During a guerrilla uprising, most civil liberties will have tobe suspended: Search and seizure op- erations would be instituted during daylight hours, Anyone foundarm- ed or without proper identification will be immediately arrested. Santa Rita Rehabilitation Center was the scene recently of non-violent uprisings by political priso “Most of the people of the ghetto would not be involved in the guer- rilla operations and, under con- ditions of police and military con- trol, some would help in ferreting out the guerrillas, Their help will be invaluable, 4, Ifthe guerrillas were able to hold out for a period of time then the Population of the ghetto would be classified through an office for ‘control and organization of the in- habitants.’ “This office would distribute census cards which would bear a photograph of the individual, the letter of the district in which he lives, his house and street number and a letter designating his home city, This classification would aid authorities in knowing the exact location of any suspect and who is in control of any given district. Under such a system, movement would be proscribed and the ability of the guerrilla to move freely from place to place would be seriously curtailed, 5. The population within the ghetto would be exhorted to work with authorities and to report both on guerrillas and any suspicious activity they might note, ‘Police agencies would be in a position to make immediate ar- rests, without warrants, under suspension of guarantees usually provided by the Constitution, 6. Acts of overt violence by the guerrillas, would mean that they have declared ‘a state of war’ with- in the country and, therefore, would forfeit their rights as in wartime. “‘The McCarren Act provides for various detention centers tobe op- erated throughout the country and these might well be utilized for the temporary imprisonment of war- ring guerrillas, 7. The very nature of guerrilla operations as presently envisioned by certain Communists and black nationalists would be impossible to sustain, According to the most knowledgeable guerrilla warefare experts in the country, the rey- olutionaries could be isolated and destroyed in a short period of time’, And that’s official. That’s Uncle Sam’s plan, Thousands of human —Photo by Bob Coats ' ners who were incensed bv beings are already slated for this degenerate beastly system's secret camps, The odds are one in 200 that you are among them. ’ How do the names get there? Post office, police records, credit cards, welfare roles, school re cords, medical records, employ- ment records, credit ratings, Purpose of concentration camps; “The concentration camp, first used against the people of Germany was one of the fundamental insti- tutions of the Nazi regime. It was a pillar of the system of terror by which the Nazis consolidated their power over Germany, Itwasa primary weapon in the battle against the jews, against the Christian Church, against labor, against opposition or non con- formity of any kind, “The concentration camp in- volved the systematic use of ter- ror to achieve the cohesion with- in Germany which was necessary for the execution of the Nazi con- spirators plans for aggression, It was the final link in a chain, of terror and repression which in- volved the SS. and the gestapo, and which resulted in the appre- hension of victims and their con- finement without trial, often with- out charges and generally with on out charges and generally with no indication of the length of their de- tention,” Statement of American prosec- ution of Nuremberg War Crimes Trials 1946 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression, Letter To KQED Newsroom Dear Newsroom; I must protest the way News- room handled the appearance of Bobby Seale last Friday, Mel La Place spent considerable time in- troducing Seale by recounting a series of accusations and indict- ments of the Panthers, most of them taken from the highly que- Stionable ‘‘evidence’’ of infor- mers, When Seale himself had an opportunity to speak, he was hardly given a fair chance to present a balancing picture of the views of the Black Panther Party. Newsroom suffers too often from an atmosphere of ‘‘let’s get this story over with quickly so we can get on to the next one.”’ The tyranny of the clock can be blamed, per- haps more than any other single factor, for the inadequacies of news coverage on commercial stations, Time limits force the media to oversimplify and to distort their news stories, One would hope KQED could do better, ..and most of the time you do. But you didn’t do right by Bobby Seale, and you did a great dis- service to the Panthers and to the public. Perhaps Seale’s way ofan- swering questions seemed ram- bling and digressive; but he has something to say that the public urgently needs to hear, and you should not have been so intent on structuring his presentation to fit reporters’ questions. Most of all, his appearance was too valu- able for the brief time allotted to him, Instead of muzzling him so abruptly, couldn’t something else have been cut (Like the theme music at the end of the show?) Seale’s use of the word ‘fascism’ to describe the US was called into question by Newsroom, The term has become frequent in Panther lit- erature, and though it sounds harsh to many ears, it needs to be heard and considered. All over the world, decent people regard the U S. asa fascistic nation because of many aspects of both our foreign and do- mestic policies. In this country there is a growing awareness of the dangers of police autonomy, racism, and the military indus- trial complex, Yet only a few dare to suggest these problems present a very real threat of the growth of a native American fascism. The The Panthers are bringing this term into the open and attempting to educate the community - black and white - before it’s too late, It behooves us to listen to what they have to say. I hope Newsroom’s future cov- erage of the Panthers will rectify the unfortunate picture given on Friday, Sincerely, Member KQED Richmond, California Tools of Oppression The people of Richmond have been suffering for years, not know- ing why. They have been subjected to extreme measures of oppress- ion, Through investigation and study, we have arrived at a con- crete analysis of the situation, We have found that there are four chief categories of oppression here in Richmond, and all over fascist Babylon; (1) the avaricious (greedy, exploiting) businessman, (2)Crazy demagogic (lying, deceiving) poli- ticians (3) Fascist gestapoterror- ist pigs, (4) The hypocritical uncle tom clergy. All four of these exploiters are the most harmful elements to the people of Richmond, They have prevented . the people from gaining true sight of themselves or their community, The avaricious (greedy, exploiting) businessman comes into the com- munity under the pretense that he is a friend of the community, Knowing that in reality he’s going to try to exploit the community to its fullest. This greedy exploiting man gains control economically by having the only store in that com- munity which carries all the items and produce that the people need to survive, He then sets prices that he knows the people are un- able to afford, this is where his friendliness comes in, Hetells you that you can buy these goods onthe installment plan or some other sort of credit gimmick that he will work out for you. He knows that if you continue to buy on credit that he will eventually have you and the community in economic trouble, He also knows that you will begin to rely and depend on him solely. After he controls you economi- cally, he will start to control you socially, This is where the second category of oppression comes in, that of the demagogic politician, The demagogic politicians come into the community with lies.of new housing and better education, He knows that all he’s out to do is further the exploitation of an avaricious businessman, He’s no thing but a paid puppet of the ava- ricious businessman to keep you in the dark, A clear example of the lies that are being propagated by these demagogic politicians of Richmond is that they have a mayor who is a Negro. Because he isa Negro he is supposed to be able to help black people. The truth is that he has been bought out by the avaricious (greedy, exploiting) businessman clique called Stan- dard Oil. This is one of the many contradictions that will be brought to light by the Black Panther Par- ty to show the people we have no use for any type of exploitation whether it be white, black, brown, or yellow, Also show the people that it is not a race struggle but a class struggle. The hypocritical uncle tom clergy are preachers and deacons of churches who say they want to help and serve the people but when it comes down to doing it, they back off from their duties, For instance, we have asked a num- ber of churches in Richmond to help us in implementing our breakfast program. They have refused on almost every occasion. And they have the audacity to stand.up in. church and say they love the people. The Black Panther Party through study and investigation sees these hypocritical preachers as avari- cious fools, exploiting in the name of Jesus, who is \said.to have had a socialist consciousness, Such in- humanism as this must be exposed and opposed. Fascist gestapo terrorist pigs are put inour community and every other community where there are poor and oppressed people to keep the people in the dark, They help the avaricious businessman and the demagogic politician keeps propagating and subjugating the people to the madness that they have created and perpetrated a- gainst the masses. ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE If the real dangers to our community are to be uprooted, let the news media and all other forces of truth and justice concentrate on the underlying causes of crime and social disorder...The causes are steeped in racism,..racism in our courts, in our jails, in our streets, and in our hearts.’’ Judge George W. Crockett, Detroit Repression is going on in com- munities across the nation. Black people have been consistently re- pressed simply by the very na- ture of their existence. The me- thods are economic and political. The fact of slavery, lynchings, Slum housing, the mis-education of black children, the high unemploy- ment rate among black people, and the criminal lack of medical faci- lities are evidence of this. Tra- ditionally, any black person who has spoken out against the system has been systematically eliminated by various tactics: Medgar Evers was murdered; Martin Luther King was murdered; Huey Newton is in jail; while countless others have been well paid for their silence. Recently, anew dimension has been added to these methods; the mass political arrests of black people on a range of charges which have no substantiation, The pattern is clear. Schools in the black community are being closed or occupied by armies of police; black parents are being beaten in the streets; hospitals serving the black community are having services drastically reduc- ed; welfare budgets are being cut; mothers that protest in the name of their hungry children are beaten and jailed; and conspiracy charges against individuals and groups that speak to these problems are ram- pant. The black community has nohis- tory of conspiracy or sabotage, Quite the opposite, we have always been the victims of such conspir- acies, from the community lynch- ings in the South, to the 1963 bombing of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama, where four black chil- dren were murdered, to the March 1969 shooting up of a black church in Detroit, to the everyday humi- liation and brutalization of men and women in the streets. The legislative bodies both na- tional and local have set as their priorities laws which perpetuate and create an increasingly re- pressive atmosphere for the peo- ple; examples are the McCarran Act, the local stop and frisk laws, preventive detention laws, the pro- hibitive welfare cuts--in other words, law and order without jus- tice. The lack of police response where crimes are pepetrated a- gainst the black community, such as the narcotics traffic, is in sharp contrast to the daily harassment of the people of the streets and the massive resources utilized to infiltrate those black organizations seriously working for the people. The courts do not escape com- Plicity in this pattern. Judge George Crockett in a recently issued statement speaks of the courts following the ‘often accepted practices of condoning long police detentions, of ignoring prisoners’ rights to counsel and of delaying the hearing on writs of habeas corpus...’ ‘It is in this atmosphere of ever , : present and now steadily growing repression of those who would oppose this country’s continuing history of oppression that a new wave of mass arrests takes place, On March 29, 1969, New York District Attorney Frank Hogan is reported to have indicated that the grand jury began receiving evi- dence on the members of the Black Panther Party in New York, Wor- king around the clock in secrecy, this culminated in the mass ar- rests of members ofthe Black Pan- ther Party in their homes in a 5a,m. round-up on Wednesday, A- pril 2, Many of the raids upon the dwelling places of individual Pan- thers involved the physical breaking down of doors by New York police officials and the search and seizure of many articles with- out the showing of search warrants even when requested to do so. This form of breaking and enter- ing appears to have been executed in a manner well calculated to provoke, The police carried pis- tols and wore bullet-proof vests as they smashed open doors. This entire arrest procedure raises the most profound questions of ele- mental justice, The tactics are not unrelated to theterrifying prac- tices of Hitler’s gestapo inthe mid and late 30’s. The frightening im- Plications of this cannot be over- looked. Equally, if not more alarming, is the behavior of the guardians of the law with respect to their hand- ling of the defendants once they were arrested, Here we move from police activity to the office of the prosecuting attorneys and the ju- diciary. The indictment, in which twenty-one persons are named, The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 5 DO WE DARE BE SILENT ? charges conspiracy to commit murder, Five persons not named in the indictment were alsoarested --some of whom are not even mem- bers of the Black Panther Party. The indictment charges conspiracy to blow up several department stores, some railroad property and the Botanical Gardens, Although trial has not been held, none of the defendants can exercise his right of bail because the courts and the District Attorne’s office have agreed upon the unconscion- ably repressive and prohibitive bail of $100,000 for each defendant. This is tantamount to enforced imprisonment for a crime or crimes not in fact committed, The question of guilt or innocence thus becomes academic, since time is being served on the basis of an accusation. Our consciences and our very survival dictate that we speak to the gross injustice in- volved in this procedure, The whole process is indeed a new and fear-~ some mode of American obeisance (obediance) to the concept of law and order, The role of the public media in each of these situations has been one to arouse within us grave apprehensions, They have consis- tently headlined the shooting and wounding of the Detroit policemen, while playing down the shooting up of a black church in which there were many women. and chil- dren, and the wounding of four per- sons within that church, In New York the media has zealously pro- claimed the charges against the Panther 21 in a manner which identifies, in the public mind, ac- cusations with guilt, At the same time, the public media has re- fused to print the Black Panther Party’s refutation of those charges, “«Concerning the charges, every Black Panther Party Chapter and leadership knows that we would not waste dynamite on the blowing up of some jive railway stations and department stores simply be- cause some of our own poor peo- ple would be killed, and we know this is completely wrong when it comes to organizing the people.”’ (Excerpt from Black Panther Par- ty Press Release, April 7, 1969) They refused to print news of a baby born prematurely and who later died because of the nature of the repressive police action di- rected towards its mother, Lena Powell, wife of the arrested Cur- tis Powell. The arrest of the Panther 21 is not an isolated event. It is clearly tied to the arrests and murders of Panthers around the country, and more importantly, it is tied to the growing repression the the black communities inevery part of the nation. We call upon ministers around the country to provide the impetus for a public dialogue by beginning such dialogue in their own churches, We call upon those public offi- cials who have, up to now, main- tained silence, to speak out loud- ly and clearly against these clear injustices, We call for all peoplé who are concerned about justice to protest - political imprisonments and to act now in the name of justice, to act now in the name of humanity, DO WE DARE BE SILENT? re re, ee = x The Chief Characteristics of Fascism A. The Police State Fascism depends upon its storm troopers to crush all opposition or dissent. This is why this decadent fascist American government under the reins of trick Dick Nixon has escalated its harassment and destruction of all Black Pan- ther Party offices and other poli- tical organizations, Secret pigs spy on the masses and any casual remark against the regime leads to swift and severe punishment, Opposition parties are dissolved, Intellectual, athletic, and recreational organizations are usually brought under the control of the fascist authority. The ruth- lessness of the pigs gradually be- comes less noticeable. This is be- cause within a year or so after a fascist government takes power, vigorous opponents of the regime have either gone into exile or been murdered or have been made poli- tical prisoners, As stated by Chairman Bobby Seale one of the pigs tactics is terror, From a study of history, going back to the epoch of time when the Ku Klux Klan let its first fascist devils run rampant across the country. Terror and murder of blacks young, old, no age limit. You can check out many magazines which show brothers hanging by their necks or awakened in the wee hours of the night to be made an example of, Blacks were drowned, burned, hung or drug at the end of a rope until dead, They were mu- talated by the blood thirsty jackals, Today many have infiltrated into the ranks of the gestapo jive forces of the police, B, Extreme Nationalism Fascism is highly nationalistic. It tries to relate its principles with the country, so that disagreement will look like treason. Some other country, or some group within the country, is usually picked out to serve as the enemy. This can be seen in the recent weeks editions of newspapers where the Party has been called the enemy. Sowhenthe people see them riding in the Black communities 4 deep and a mini- arsonal in their trunks, they can say we’re expecting trouble in the vicinity of town so we’ re just get- ting ready. We are made toappear as the cause of all evils or mis- fortunes. This is an outright lie because black people have always suffered at the hands of this ava- ricious mad dog war machine, The Black Panther Party was founded by Huey P, Newton to deal with the problems in this country, by going to the people and asking what were their needs and wants and drew up the 10-point Platform and Program. For example, the Nazis in Ger- many represented their movement as a crusade against the Jews, then asa fight against Communism, and later as a struggle against the ‘attacks of whatever neighboring country they wished to subdue or occupy.’’ In 1954 when the U.S, imperial- ists first went over into Vietnam it was to give them arms to run out the French, but after the French left, the occupying storm troops remained. When the masses asked what were we fighting for? The scoundrels had the audacity to say we were trying to halt communist invasion, but really they were trying to take over the country. Even until today the gestapois over in Vietnam practicing its mass genocide and murder of other op- pressed and exploited masses of people, Hundred ton bombs have been dropped, they have also been subjected to various forms of chemical biological warfare, Even modern and advanced weapons have been used by these blood thirsty parasites. Mao says, ‘‘the spirit of the people is stronger than the man’s technology’’. Extreme nationalism often be- comes a kind of race fanaticism or racism, Sometimes it combines racial and religious bigotry, as in the case of the strong American ‘movements of the 1920's called the Ku Klux Klan, C. The Cultivation of Ignorance Fascism, like all forms of government, rests finally upon the sincere consent of a large part of the population which is the indus- trialist bourgeoisie class and some of the unaware, or those not politi- cally educated to this ultra-right movement, We the Black Panther Party do not fight mainly for the sake of fighting but we fight and conduct propaganda among the masses, to educate and to teach them the strategic method of re- sistance, To maintain this consent, the Fascist demagogic politician leadership must cut off the people from any information which might cause them to doubt the complete righteousness of the fixed Fascist principles. The newspaper, the radio, andall other means of communication are carefully censored so the public will get only those facts which the leaders want them to know. Travel to other countries must be con- trolled, and freedom of speech and assembly must be rigorously sup- pressed, D. Militarism Fascism maintains among the masses a permanently warlike frame of mind. Every citizen feels that he is mobilized against enemies of the regime within, and against possible foreign foes, The dictator comes to power during a period of economic crisis or de- pression, He gets rid of the depression partly by employing many people in the making of weaponry. To justify this procedure, he must convince people that the country is threatened and must point toward some of the enemies against whom the arms may be used, POWER TO THE PEOPLE PANTHER POWER TO THE VAN- GUARD . FREE ALL POLITICAL PRISON- ERS Roger Johnson The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 6 POLITICAL RICHARD MOORE AFENI SHAKUR MICHAEL TABOR EDWARD JOSEPH LUMUMBA SHAKUR ROSELAND BENNITT ALEX McKIEVER ALBERT NIEVES WALTER JOHNSON KENNSIE SOANES ALIBY HASSAN RAYMOND QUINONES SHARON WILLIAMS JOAN BIRD ROBERT COLLIER CLARK SQUIRE THE N.Y. 21 On April 2, at 5a.m., a knock came on the door from aso-called local pig. He knocked so lightly on the door I could barely hear him, Which isn’t the usual pro- cedure of the pigs. When I came to the door, I looked through peep hole, and there was a black Pig standing there, I asked him what he wanted, and he told me that someone in the building had a complaint against whoever lives in the apartment. I told him I was not going to open up the door, because I knew my rights. He demanded that I open it, so I asked him if he had a warrant, and if he did, I told him to slip it under the door. He told me he didn’t have one, so I said to him that I wouldn’t open the door. He started oinking (begging) for me to open it up, and said that he wanted me to sign his book of complaints, I told him again that I was not going to open up the door and I said that if he wanted me to sign his book, he’d have to slip it under the door. He gave some stupid pig excuse that it couldn’t fit, so I told him ‘‘That’s just too bad,'’ and ‘‘I’ll sign your book tomorrow’’, After that state- ment, 6 Pigs came busting through the door with bulletproof vests on, rifles, shotguns, and 38’s shaking in their hands, After busting through the door, and bus- ting up the house, they found 3 shotguns and a 38 automatic. This made them really afraid, so they oinked to the rest of the pigs to come off the roofs and fire es- capes, The pigs began taking all my Posters off the walls and all my black and revolutionary books. I asked them what had they wanted my books for and they said they were going to send them to Wash- ington, I told them that these books can be purchased in any store. They said they were sending these posters to Washington as evidence against us, These posters were of Malcolm X, Huey P, Newton, El- dridge Cleaver, Bobby Seale, Mao Tse Tung, Che Guevara, and other revolutionary people around the world, At about 6:00a.m., I was taken to the Pigs. office and they se- parated me from everyone else and started pouring questions on me. I told them that I knew my rights, and that I didn’t have to answer any of their questions, and if they wanted any information, to find it out on their own since they were getting paid for it. From the time I was arrested until I was brought to court, I asked the 4 Pigs who were guar- ding me to please loosen the cuffs on my wrists because they were too tight. So one of them said, “‘Let the bitch stay the way she is.”’ I told them I was six months preg- nant and that being handcuffed with the cuffs tight behind my back was not only hurting my wrists, but was putting pressure on my ‘sto- mach, which pained me very much, They still refused to do anything, Finally I went up before a judge and I was put on $10,000 bail. From there I was sent to the Women’s House of Detention, After gettin inside, I immediately asked for medical attention, because my wrists were red and swollen from the handcuffs being too tight. I also told them that 1 was six months pregnant and needed medical atten- tion, They told me to wait until the next day. I never received any type of help since the time I went in, I was put in isolation for a few days and became very sick, Not only was I not receiving any medi- cation, but the roach infested food was not fit for a dog. The pigs had a special diet for all Panthers held in their pen. A food strike was started by Afeni Shakur, Sha- ron Williams, and Joan Bird, This is when they started separating all the Panthers arrested so that they wouldn’t be together, I was placed on a different floor from them, This did not stop any of us from functioning within the pigs’ pen. The rest of the girls got up peti- tions against the food, and I got up a petition for black books to be put in the library, so that thegirls who were being held in jail could have some knowledge of their peo- ple and heritage, since the major- ity of the people in the jails were black, The only books they had in} their libraries were Fairy Tales. All the brothers who were ar- rested are being treated like ani- mals, They were placed in Man- hattan, Bronx, Queens and Rikers| Island jails, All of them were under 24 hour security (isolation since the time they got arrested, They couldn’t receive any tele- phone calls, visits, or letters, and they slept on beds with no sheets or anything, Our lawyers are try- ing to bring up a case against the way we have been and are being treated, The baby of one of the brothers held captive (Curtis) died. The people are supporting the Black Panther Party whole hear- tedly. These are people from the community who know our program and who dig the Party. These are} People we've worked with in the community, and who came to us for help whenever they were inl need, The idea of the people backing up the Black Panther Party is blowing the pigs’ minds. Not only that, but, they are having a hell of a time trying to put us away for good, after sweating their hides out for 3 years to destroy the Party, If they really had so much evidence to put us away, they would not call off our hearings for the fourth time already. The judges and the D,A.'s are working together, That is why the judges refuse to lower our bails, which are uncon- stitutional, and which are yery high for those of us arrested, BAIL MONEY AND LEGAL DEFENSE MONEY NECESSARY NOW FOR BLACK PANTHER PARTY POLITICAL PRISONERS © SEND MONEY 10 B.P.P. NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS 3106 SHATTUCK BERK. ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE! BLACK POWER TO BLACK PEOPLE! PANTHER POWER TO THE VAN- GUARD! Roseland Bennett Panther leadership hit by sweeping FBI raids Early on the morning of June 4, a city police car moved into position to close the intersection of Madison Street and Western Ave- nue on the West Side Chicago slum. A block away a car belonging to the Chicago detail of the Federal Bureau of Investigation blocked another intersection, To the sleepy-eyed early riser, it all may have seemed strange, but to anyone who had listened to the Chicago Police frequency for the previous 15 minutes, there would have been no mystery, The Police dispatcher had said: “The FBI has informed us they are going to raid the Black Pan- ther headquarters on Maidson Street. They request that all Chicago police cars stay out ofthe area,’’ Twice scarred by rioting, the West Side is the heart of the poorest of Chicago’s two largest black areas, More FBI cars were moving in within moments, agents emerged and strapped on bulletproof vests, and attached white armbands to their left coatsleeves with the red lettering, U S. Department of Jus- tice, Some took positions on the roof of the building with machine gunsand shotguns in hand, Others crouched in the street behind their parked vehicles, After shouting through a bull- horn for 30 minutes for the oc- cupants of the building to come out, Marlin Johnson, the agent in charge, ordered the doors sledge- hammered open and agents rushed inside, The eight occupants within were led away quietly, a mimeograph machine was confiscated as was some cash and checks and a large quantity of literature. But the announced purpose of the search, a Federal fugitive by the name of George Sams, was not found in the building. Later, the eight arrested in the buildingwere freed. Such raids - similar ones have occurred in Denver, Washington and Salt Lake City-have become almost routine within the past two months, Federal officials are seeking Sams and other fugitives in con- nection with the murder of a Pan- ther in Connecticut. In pursuit, FBI agents have raided Panther headquarters across the country, But the Panthers have charged that the manhunt is a small part of the reason for the raids, that **fascist police state tactics’’ are being used to harass and crush the organization. Bobby Seale, Chairman of the Party, charged in a press con- ference at the Berkeley head- quarters of the organization re- cently that the raids were an at- tempt “‘to destroy,..the Black Pan- ther Party leadership. A Justice Department official said there is no national plan by the Department regarding raids on Panther offices. The reason for conducting the raids at early morning hours is to avoid attracting crowds that might turn into riots, the Department official said, ‘‘Most of their offices are right in the middle ofthe black communities’’, he said. The Black Panther Party has long claimed its leadership has been harassed by the police. Two of the Party's leaders, Huey P, Newton and Eldridge Cleaver, are in jail and exile respectively. In the past year, the Party's membership and its notoriety have spread across the country in 40 chapters with a membership esti- mated variously between 1200 and 5000, The Party's organizing acti- vities have led to increasingly abrasive confrontations between the Panthers and police in city after city. Since the end of last year, scores of Panthers have been arrested in chapters throughout the country on charges ranging from possession of concealed weapons to arson and PRISON armed robbery, The first big arrest of the year occurred in New York on April 2 when 21 Black Panthers were in- dicted on charges of conspiracy to blow up several public buildings and department stores. Six weeks later, in a case police claimed was ‘‘directly linked’ to the alleged bombing conspiracy, eight Panthers were arrested in New Haven, Conn,, and charged with the murder of Alex Rackley, 24, a New York Panther. Searching for other suspects in the New Haven murder, in which Police say Rackley was also tortured, Federal agents carried out a succession of raids inat least four cities in the next several weeks, They were: The June 4 raid in Chicago where the F Blarrested eight persons, and confiscated funds used in the Pan- ther breakfast program for school children along with thousands of pieces of Panther literature, A raid in Washington where the search for Sams led the FBI on June 6 to the apartment of Mrs, Jean Hughes, 4llll Southern Ave., across the District line in Prince George’s County. She was charged with possessing a stolen rifle. In Salt Lake City, where FBI agents charged Lonnie McLucas, 23, of New Haven, with being a fu- gitive from justice in the Rackley Slaying. He was held on $100,000 bail. In Denver, where Rory Hithe, 18, and Landon Robert Williams, 25, were charged with unlawful flight to avoid prosecution in the Rackley case and held on bonds of $200,000 each, The Black Panthers have also run afoul of local law agencies in such widely separated locations as Eugene, Oregon, Indianapolis and Sacramento. In the Indianapolis case, police raided the Panther office on the night of June 7 in the midst of a disturbance involving some 400 blacks, Of the 30 persons arrested, half were Panthers. Eight days later in Sacramento, the Panther offices were stormed by police during a shootout near Panther headquarters, The Mayor Richard Marriott, who made a personal inspection of the Panther office, later said he was ‘‘shocked and horrified’’ at the evidence of bullet holes, broken typewriters and damaged food, the results of the police raid. Panther national Chief of Staff David Hilliard, has charged Fed- eral and local police with de- liberately storming the organ- ization’s offices across the country under the guise of searching for suspects in crimes or reacting to local disorders, “We see the rapid growth of the Party and the respect we are be- ginning to gain in both the black and some white communities as the basis of this constant haras- sment’’, Hilliard said, ‘‘The pigs have moved in such a brazen, chauvinistic fashion that people are beginning to relate to the Pan- thers’, : While police activity might be gaining some sympathy for the Panthers, it has also nearly stripped several of the organiza- tion’s chapters of their leader- ship. In addition, continued charges of crimes by Panthers have served to alarm more moderate elements of black and white activists, Gerald Lefcourt, New York at- torney forthe Black Panther Party, Said in a recent interview: “The only thing the Panthers are worried about now is survival. They are perfectly sure that the government is out to wipe them out in a year, “For the Panthers,’’ Lefcourt continued, there is pure fascism today - illegal searches, phony charges, high bails, massive ar- rests ~ it’s here for the Panthers.”’ But, to the law enforcement offi- cials, such as New York County Assistant District Attorney Joseph A, Phillips, the Panthers represent “distorted and twisted minds bent upon acts of terrorism’. The notoriety, the legal charges, the raids and the controversy all center on an organization that is barely three years old, Formed in 1966 after a series of conflicts between youths and Oakland, Calif., police, the Pan- thers first came to wider national attention after their founder, Huey P, Newton, was charged with mur- dering an Oakland policeman, Since then, the Panthers and police have been in repeated clashes, It was the Panthers who coined and circulated the term “pigs’’ to refer to policemen, As the group’s national pro- minence grew, it attracted to its ranks author, Eldridge Cleaver. It also attracted many young urban street youths. The Panthers began achieving a reputation as a vio- lent organization last year when several West Coast members were arrested in armed robbery cases. To correct its image, the Pan- thers purged 40 of its Oakland members and possibly threetimes that many nationwide. The organization also created a breakfast program for school chil- dren in many of the large cities. The program has been extremely popular in most of the cities in which it has been tried, leading the Panthers to charge that one of the reasons for their ‘*harassment”’ is the political success of the break- fast program. In the face of its present legal problems, the Panther organiza- tion has gone on the counterattack with two devices, It has formed a national lawyers council to co-ordinate Panther legal defenses nationwide. At- torneys William M, Kunstler of New York and Charles Garry of San Francisco head the council. The Panthers have also called for a ‘‘national conference’ to de- velop a “United Front Against Fascism’. The conference is scheduled to be held in Oakland, beginning on July 18. The primary objective of the conference, the Panthers say, isto bring together radical, leftist and liberal groups and individuals - white and black - to form a new coalition against ‘‘political op- pression,”’ Reprinted from Washington Post GEORGE EDWARDS The Black Panther Saturday, July 12,1969 Page 7 ROSE SMITH LANDON R. WILLIAMS RORY B. HITHE ERICKA HUGGINS The Black Panther Saturday, Jul y 12,1969 Page 8 WHAT IS THE UNITED FRONT AGAINST FASCISM ’? CHAIRMAN; The National Con- ference for a United Front Against Fascism which will be in Oakland, Californiaon July 18, 19, and 20, is to bring in all strata of society, to actually in fact develop a Uni- ted Front Against Fascism, Peo- ple and representatives of organ- izations across the country, all progressives and progressive type organizations, all churches and church representatives of all dif- ferent faiths and religions, all workers especially, to be invited from different unions, etc., will be invited here to attend the con- ference, Individuals and represen- tatives of different types of organ- izations around thenation--be they liberal, semi-liberal, be they even, say, a black policeman’s asso- ciation -- if they stand firmly with the United Front Against Fas- cism, they’ve been invited here. This Conference is not called just to save the Black Panther Party. It’s called so that we can Save the people, and save the people’s organizations, Because if the pig power structure is al- lowed to get away with what they are trying to do to the Black Pan- ther Party, they'll be allowed todo the same to any organization, any union, any church, any group of people who are using their basic democratic rights as a weapon against oppression, LNS: Do you expect the United Front to continue as a political organization after this conference? CHAIRMAN; The conference is veing called not just as a debating society, It's to have some con- erste action, It is not being called to debate ideology, or to struggle with ideology because of people’s different ideas of what tney believe in, It is being called to put forth a concrete program of -ooperation. Presently in New York there is a branch of the National Committee to Combat Fascism. Here we have one, in Los Angvies we have one, and we also put one tog-ther in Chicago. These committees will continue to exist and out of those many hundreds who wt.l attend the conference we hope to form, many many committees ‘» combat fas- cism scattered throughout their 1) having community control of po- local areas. Conzrete cooperation includes lice groups with people working for community control of police in their own areas. Community con- trol of police is a major action program that can involve the masses of people in the United States. 2) We are going to be dealing with all the political pri- soners in the country, not only Huey P, Newton and the Connecti- cut Panther leadership and the New York 21, etc, We're talking about dealing with political pri- soners throughout the nation, 3) We are going to talk about how to take a stand against law-and-order politicians in the nation who are demagogues and liars. 4) We’re going ‘o be setting up something constructive to understand the PANTHERS IN PRINT A ten year old boy stopped us the other day at the corner of Main Street and Mamaroneck Avenue and asked us to buy a copy of ‘The Black Panther’, weekly publi- cation of the Panthers He told us that the White plains chapter - whose membership re- portedly varies from 10 to 30 mem- bers - refunds him a nickel on every issue he sells for 25 cents, We gave him a quarter and took a copy home, reading of ‘rampant fascism’’ American and some very unflattering things about the na- tions police. Also mentioned in the June 14 issue is a free hot breakfast pro- gram the Panthers claim to have set up in a Los Angeles church, Interesting, because the local chapter is reportedly trying to do the same thing. A flyer recently circulated among members here appeals ‘‘to everyone in and around the vicinity of White Plains, to people who live and work in the black commu- nities, to work with us to satisfy the pressing needs of black peo- ple by donating to the ‘Free Break- fast for School Children Pro- gram." The chapter, we hear, has gotten in touch with several churches in the city but so far has been un- able to find a locaton. They ask for donations of food, eating uten- sils and for volunteers to prepare and serve the breakfasts. Jimmy, the Panther newsboy says that he sells nine or ten copies a day (arriving at about 5 p.m. with his eight-year old brother who guards the stack while he goes out on the sidewalk) and boasts of having once sold 14. Some of the older workers have been appearing in the afternoon. Three were selling the paper yes- terday, each claiming to have sold between 30 and 50 issues. Tommy, 18, stood in front of a department store, ‘*No man, nobody's given us any trouble’', Tommy said, except for ‘‘an old lady’? who asked the police to chase them away. Thé law per- mits the sale of newspapers and milk on the street without the ven- dor first obtaining a peddler’s permit. Submitted by White Plains’ re- porter Dispatch court system and how it relates to the fasciaization of the country. 5) We're goiazg to be dealing with black and white workers vs, fas- cism, with religion vs. fascism. Students, education, teachers, pro- fessionals, etc, vs, fascism: we’re going to be dealing with all these different areas at the conference, and out of here we hope to have at-least one major constructive thing: that is the committees estab- lished throughout the nation to combat fascism in their localareas at the conference, and out of here we hope to have at least one major and to relate to a national United Front, LNS: Do you foresee a d2central- ized thing? There’s not going to be any big anti-fascist political party in the United States which you can foresee? CHAIRMAN: There’ ve been state- ments made that the Black Panther Party was supposed to change its name in favor of this United Front. This is not true at all, Someone put it out that an American Lib- eration Front was going to be formed, If the United Front Against Fascism people in the future wanted to develop some kind of political party or apparatus called the American Liberation Front, the Black Panther Party would not be opposed to the represen- tatives who wanted to do this. But at this conference, we’re not trying to set that up. What we’re trying to do is call the people together and see to it that we really begin to establish a United Front where we can actually com- bat fascism. LNS: Can you elaborate a little bit on how you go about telling the _ white workers about fascism? Af- ter all, a lot of them seem to think it's in their interest. How do you talk to them? CHAIRMAN: One of the things that’s going to have to be done is to work with the churches, A lot of these people as well as a lot of black people are in the churches. When we say ‘‘religion vs. fascism’’, the churches are going to have to really begin to Interview With Bobby Seale By Liberation News Service tell the people exactly what is happening and exactly what is going to have to happen. They can’t wait until the last moment when all of a sudden the churches themselves are attacked by the fascist regime like Franklin's church was at- tacked in Detroit. (The cops broke up a Black Nationalist meeting by shooting into the church, Ed) and even Father Neil’s church here in Oakland was attacked when the cops stormed into the church supposedly to arrest someone. We’re not asking people to like our ideology, we’re telling people that they themselves are subjected to this fascist regime and they cannot let what happened in Ger- many happen here; they cannot let what happened in Italy happen here, In fact, they have to begin to under- stand that the old terroristic or- ganizations such as the Ku Klux Klan and the Black Legion, back in the 30’s, that the generation of nowadays doesn’t even remember are in the form now of the mass- ive police departments across the nation. They've just replaced the Ku Klux Klan, although there are still some of these semi-fascist organizations around such as the Minutemen, But the major threat is that in every major city, whenever there are masses of people who are beginning to use their democratic rights righteously to oppose the oppressive system, in these plaves Police departments have been doubled, tripled and quadrupled. This is very important for peo- ple to begin to understand. They have to understand that they can’t wait and identify fascism some place in history or in another country 3 or 4 thousand miles away. The fact is that it’s right here under their very noses innew gar- ments and they have to identify it and recognize it for what it is. This fascism has shown its face here overtly in the last few months, especially since the Democratic Convention, in all the attacks that have gone down against the Black Panther Party and a- gainst many student organizations and groups, LNS: Do you think there’s any danger when you call for a United Front that the revolutionary prin- ciples of the Panther Party are going to get watered down? CHAIRMAN: The Black Panther Party is not trying-to project its principles and its ideology in this conference...We’re talking about a United Front Against Fascism. Those who stand against fascism are the people we consider to be progressive people, you, see When we say community control of potice we’re talking about any kind of political prisoner whether he’s black, brown, blue, green or yellow, W’re not talking about only how the courts affect black people here, We’ re talking about the Mexi- can American brothers too, and the Puerto Rican brothers and white people and poor white people. We're not even going to be talking about the Party's ideology. We’re going to be talking about construc- tive action agains! the fascism which has developed in the police state here in America. LNS; Can the ballot be used against fascism? Can you vote the fascists out of power? CHAIRMAN; Community control of police itself is in fact directed to the ballot. The community control of police concept is related to a petition that is to be circulated in every city, You geta percentage of the voters in that city to sign the petition, thereby it automati- cally goes on the ballot where the masses of the people themselves can in fact vote to decentralize all police departments. Naturally electoral politics is going to be affected by the con- ference, because the coaferenceis going to deal with whether or not it’s going to support politicians who do not stand up against fascism. This will be machinery all across the country to let the politicians know that we will not vote for you and will in fact work for that politician who works for commu- nity control of police and who stands for the end of fascism and the other points that come out of the conference, Of Judges, Juries And Pigs Why does a Detroit cop get ac- quitted of the murder of a black youth legally. The jury is not an independent body of ‘‘peers’’ in the best of cir- at the ‘Algiers Motel,” when there is absolutely no doubt that he shot the unarmed young man without provo- cation? First and foremost, of course, be- cause he is a cop — a white copina capitalist white supremacist society, and the youth was black, poor, a member of an oppressed nationality, whose brothers and sisters were even then engaged in a local uprising. But the manner of the cop’s acquittal gives us an instructive lesson in the ways of courts, judges and juries and how they are used against the poor and oppressed, First, it was an all-white jury in the all-white town of Mason, Michigan that acquitted Ronald August, the ac- cused policeman. Mason is 80 miles from Detroit, the scene of the crime. It was a judge who granted the ‘‘change of venue’ to this town inthe first place. And second, the judge presiding at the Mason trial instructed the jury members that they had to find August guilty of murder in the first degree — or else not guilty at all, even though both defense and prosecution counsels had asked for a choice of first degree murder, second degree, manslaughter and not guilty. The jury acquitted August after three hours and the Detroit Free Press said this was to be expected after the judge’s charge to the jury. It was very obvious what the judge was doing in this particular case. But judges always control, intimidate and overawe juries, both legally and extra- cumstances (and only a twelve-man lynch-mob in the worst), but actually an arm of the courts and the state, dis- guised as afreely acting cross-section of the citizenry. Feelings were so strong in Detroit over the Algiers Motel incident, and the crime was so well known because of John Hersey’s book, that the police- man got a “‘change of venue’’ to the all-white town 80 miles away. Now black Huey Newton is accused of killing a white cop. But the rulers of Oakland, California are not going to give him a ‘‘change of venue”’ to be tried in an all-black court in some black community miles from Oak- land. This is not only because there is no such all-black court in the United States, but because the black people are part of the oppressed masses and are in fact super-oppresseds And the’ capi- talist state is determined to keep them that way and the courts, being part of the state, are-organized with rhat in mind, As for reforming the jury system, or making the ruling class live y to its promise of ‘‘trialby your peers,”’ there are always some few adjustments that can be made within the system. Butthe fact remains that while the capitalist state exists, the jury is always packed, just as the * judge is always prejudiced against the oppressed. In class society it is the rich who judge the poor, the bosses who judge the workers, the well- fed who judge the hungry, and the white who judge the black. Fascism is the power of finance capital itself---the greedy busi- nessman, the demagogic politician (one who leads the people by ap- Pealing to prejudices and pas- sions), and the racist pig cop, Each of which carries out the oppression and exploitation of the working class people in the guise of demo- cracy. The Black Panther Party, the _ vanguard party, finds it our duty to educate the poor and oppressed people to the form that this capi- talistic, racist system is taking-— FASCISM, Cold-bloodedfascism is exemplified in the assassination of Malxolm X, the imprisonment of Huey P. Newton for his political beliefs, the assassination of Mar- tin Luther King, the occupation of Wilmington, Delaware for one year after the death of King, the 14,000 troops at the Chicago Democratic Convention, the necessity for the exile of Eldridge Cleaver, the na- tional repression of the Black Pan- ther Party, the attack on the Re- public of New Africa’s Convention, the brutal attack on the people of Berkeley by 7,000national guards- men, and the repression of all pro- gressive elements that are struggling to wrest the power out of the hands of the oppressor and return it to the people, We, the masses of people, must unite around this common enemy of fascism to regain the power of the People, We, as a people, have been stripped of our power as a result of oppression and exploitation. Be-; ° fore we can regain that power and begin to control our own destinies this system must suffer a rev- olutionary change for the good of all the people. “Power concedes nothing with- out demand," Without our demand to neutralize or suppress the power of this system, we will inturn suf- fer defeat under fascism and lose our move for liberation to return the power to the people. Under fascism we will not deter- mine our destinies, we will not control the means of production, and as a result we can have no power. We shall regress to the stage of slavery unless we begin to face the situation of the people of America objectively andrealize the fact that the American people are confused, misinformed, ex- Ploited, and oppressed. We must begin to realize that a UNITED FRONT AGAINST FASCISM must be formed against a system so foul as to try to destroy a WORLD LIBERATION MOVE- MENT OF THE PEOPLE, A system so foul that it refuses to ac- knowledge the will of the the peo- ple to end exploitation andoppres- sion of ourselves, Let us examine America’s posi- tion on the war in Vietnam, Ameri- ca has only gone to the peace table because she has obviously lost the war and is now willing to negot- iate a settlement with the North, As a result of the loss of the war the troops will be brought home; and what will ensue is a game of red-baiting, from which will comé blatant fascism on an intensified scale to repress communists, Stu- dents for a Democratic Society, Black Panthers, Black Nationalists and all progressive elements throughout the country as exem- plified by Senator McClellan’s House on Un-American Activities Committee in trying to destroy the Panther Party and SDS, The Purpose of the red-baiting will be to attach the blame of the loss of The Black Panther Saturday, July 12,1969 Page 9 the war on the people’s move- ment, The Black Panther Party is a people’s Party to establish re- volutionary political power for the people. ‘‘Our duty is to hold our- selves responsible to the people. Every word, every act and every policy must conform to the Peo- ple’s interest, and if mistakes occur, they must: be corrected-- that is what being responsible to the people means,’’ Because we hold ourselves responsible to the people, we will organize the people to destroy fascism, the power of the ruling class, for everlasting peace and freedom, Without a UNITED FRONT AGAINST FAS- CISM the status quo will be main- tained and the continued enslave- ment of the oppressed people of the world, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE FREE HUEY Eugene Jones Lieutenant of Information Boston Chapter Black Panther Party BLACK UNITED FRONT ENDS ROBBERY Members of the Biack United Front, in Kansas City stopped the rape and robbery of 200 young black sisters, The incident was one of the largest con-games run in the city, Rat Ruggles set up this deceptive plan in order to ‘‘give the black girls a chance they would not have otherwise’. Ruggles charged each young sis- ter participating in the beauty con- test $5.00 registration fee. This fee also included, modeling classes from the Linda Valentine School of modeling. This school was owned, and operated, and founded by Rug- gles himself, Ruggles also charged the sisters, $4.98 for their pic- tures, that were taken (in the sis- ters bedroom at night) for posters. This fascist had his game uptight, Collecting $10.000 from all of these 200 sisters was quite a haul. Something like $2,000.00, The contest was to be held at the Ivanhoe Temple, 32 and Park, The tickets were $3.00 per person. The sisters were to win the title of Miss Kansas City, also a schol- arship to another modeling school. The man used the money to his discretion and none of the things he promised the sisters mater- ialized, Members of the newly founded black coalition came to the Pan- thers and ran down the way this robber had his vicious con-game set up, And how he was molest- ing these young sisters. The Pan- thers and other brothers worked out a system by which this man would be dealt with. They first asked the dude to stop the fashion show and return the money. He would not. So the brothers went to the beauty contest that Sunday and rapped to the people that were pre- sent and they responded by jumping on the stage and literally beating his butt. The people took him out- side and continued to vent their frustration on Ruggles. The pigs came on the set, and subjectively beat Brother Merle Brown, In the series of events which followed three brothers of the coalition were busted and two pigs were sent away oinking in pain. This criminal Ruggles, who was arrested and in the tradition of pig justice, immediately released, filed charges against four brothers for robbery, precisely the game he was trying to get away with. Among the four brothers charged with rob- bery was Brother Pete O’ Neal, De- puty Chairman, Ruggles then fled the city fearing his life, realizing that the spirit of the people would f have been his executioner. The [{ charges were dropped, to the ac . sorrow of the fascist pigs who toe would have loved to have kept those } 114 brothers exiled from the people. | There will be, in the future a -+4 strong guard against the robbery of the black community by dema- gogic politicians. There is a clear indication that the people will help the Panthers and other members of the Black United Front guard against this type of thing. Together, the voice of the people is saying “‘We want an end to the robbery by the capitalist of our black com- munity’’, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE END ROBBERY IN THE BLACK (4 COMMUNITY i Sister Andre Weatherby Communication Secretary Kansas City Chapter The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 10 Left to Right: Sam Napier, Don Cox David Hilliard , Geronimo, Ray Masai Hewitt and John Clarke NITED FRONT “We are working to get umions and unionists,”’ Hilliard said. ‘‘We have prom- ises of some of the black caucuses in the unions to come. We want all the workers and peasants to be there.” While the rhetoric is revolutionary, the projected content of the conference is aimed at rolling back reaction. It is to make the stated content of American dem- ocracy available to the ghettos, where it has never been enjoyed. The primary aim of the conference, to arouse national interest in community control of the police forces, is not an en- tirely new notion. Last year, an effort was made in Oakland to put an amendment to the City Charter on the ballot for that purpose. Signatures to a petition were col- lected jointly by the Peace and Freedom Party and the Black Panthers. ‘‘We didn’t start-early enough,” Hilliard says, “‘but within five days we got 20,000 signatures in the East and West Oakland ghettos.”’ The Panthers want establishment of separate police departments in a city’s major communities. These would be auto- nomous, though they could use common facilities. Each department would be ad- ministered by a full-time police com- missioner selected by a Neighborhood Police Control Council. These councils would be elected by the neighborhood and would have the power to discipline officers for breaches of policy or viola- tion of law. The council would be em- a ¥, tLe es > Daily World By MARGRIT PITTMAN ix young black men came into our ‘ New York office, Black Panthers from the West Coast, eager to talk about the “United Front against Fascism in America,” they are trying to organize. A four-day conference in Oakland is schedul- ed for that purpose, July 18-21. Its main projected action is to seek community control of the police. ‘ All six are leading members of the Black Panther Party, who devote their full time to “‘the revolution.’ Dave Hil- liard, Black Panther Chief of Staff from Oakland. joined the party “‘about two ‘months after it was founded in 1966, and I've been busy ever since.” In recent months, a period of stepped- up police attacks, the Panthers have in- creasingly felt the need for alliances with other groups. ‘‘We hope that the confer- ence will unite all radical and liberal elements,"’ said Ray ‘Masai’ Hewitt, a Deputy Minister of Information from Southern California. No New York Panthers were among the six. ‘‘That’s because they are in jail,”’ Hilliard explained. ‘Twenty-one of our brothers, the whole New York leader- ship. The pigs are trying to cut off the head of our organization. We now have to rebuild.” The Panthers have been singled out by police all across the country for special brutality and harassment. This prompted the current initiative to try and stem police brutality. “We want to embrace all progressive elements,”’ I was told, ‘‘all national group minorities. We appeal to every liberal and progressive.”” They are studying Georgi Dimitrov’s essays and speeches on the United Front against Fascism in the early 1930’s and quote them liberally to make their points. The original conference call had only a few non-Panther sponsors, among them Tom Hayden, formerly of SDS; Dr. Philip Shapiro, a Bay Area white psychiatrist and prominent member of the Medical Committee to Defend Human Rights; Dr. Carlton Goodlett, publisher of the Sun Reporter, the Bay Area’s most important black weekly, and attorneys Charles Garry and William Kunstler. The latter two have long been active in the defense of frame-up victims. Garry is the attorn- ey for Huey Newton. In mid-June, the Panthers were mail- ing 2,000 invitations to various organiza- tions and had already obtained support from an interesting list of militant ghetto youth. Among them were the Young Lords of Chicago, a group of Puerto Rican youths; Los Siesta de la Raza, Latinos from San Francisco’s_ Mission District; Young Patriots, a Chicago white working-class grouping composed mostly of refugees from Appalachia, and the W.E.B. DuBois Clubs of America. powered to recall commissioners when no longer responsive to the community and the community in turn could recall coun- cil members. Finally, all police officers would be required to live in the commun- ity which employs them. ; Other issues to be raised at the con- ference are amnesty for all political prisoners and the right to self-defense. The Panthers also hope to get agreement that political support will be given cnly to candidates supporting the conference’s chief demands. i This is an important national initiative for the all-black Panther organization who originally stuck to community self-help activities in the ghettos. The Panthers hope that the July con- ference will result in another, larger gath- ering later this year <o that, in the words of one of our visitors, it can unite ‘all forces that are anti-fascist buf not anti- communist.” UFAF LABOR COMMITTEE Dear Brothers and Sisters: On May 1, 1933, Adolf Hitler gathered labor leaders from all over Germany to participatc ina May Day celebration. No expense was spared, The city was festive and gay. It rang with traditional speeches of labor solidarity. On May 2, 1933, the German labor movement had been smashed. All the celebrants of the day before were in jail. The offices and assets of every local were seized. All contracts were declared null and void. Hitler then organized his own trade unions which were to guar- antee a docile work force for the Fascist state. Low wages, intol- erable working conditions and strict obedience to the Fascist state were the lot of working men and women for more thana decade, The most reactionary sections of monopoly in the United States are boldly implementing a program to bring Fascism to this country. The state apparatus: courts, police, the armed forces, the giant govern- ment bureaucracy have combined to destroy the constitutionally guaranteed rights of our people. The rights of Third World People, which have never been fully recog- nized, are subject to the sharpest attack. Various right wing, and of- ten explicitly pro-Nazi organiza- tions are attempting to utilize 300 years of racism in this country to split the American people. They intend to prevent us from uniting to solve the many problems we face. The recent Wallace campaign is a clear example of this pro- cess. No American should forget the large number of American busi- nessmen who wanted the United. States to intervene on the side of Hitler in World War II. These were the same men who fought most vigorously the gains of the CIO and the unemployed during the New Deal, Fascism always depends on thc division of working people along racial lines, German Fascism de- pended primarily on the oppression and extermination of the Jewish people. American Fascism is counting on its ability to sell the oppression and extermination of Blacks, Browns, and other minori- ties. But as the history of Ger- many shows, Fascism only lulls the people with racism to mask its program of terroristic rule and increased exploitation of all peo- ple. It is no accident that the most racist, most anti-labor, most anti- student businessmen and members of Congress arealso the champions of increased military aggression abroad, These are the people most likely to leade the world into WW Il, If we fail to stop the Fascist offensive we shall also fail to stop s.f. state legal defense committee ano Newsree! BENEFIT july 17 8pm. ftlms... “NO VIETNAMESE EVER CALLED ME NIGGER” nuclear war. No one group has the strength to oppose Fascism, If we allow the rights of our brothers, black or white, to be trampled without pro- test, we can expect that we too will be isolated and stripped of our rights. A national conference for a U- NITED FRONT AGAINST FASCISM in America will be held in Oakland on July 18, 19 and 20. We invite you to participate without prior “ON STRIKE, SHUT IT commitment, DOWN” " PREM'ERE We ask that this conference be 1 placed on the agenda of the SHOW ING. meetings of your local between now S.€. STave and July 17, 1969, If you wish we will send representatives to your meetings to discuss the matter. 1968-1969 | “ZuLu” REVOLUTIONARY Solidarity is not old fashioned -- it is the hope of the future. THE BEST GUARANTEE A~- GAINST FASCISM IS A POWER— FUL, AGGRESSIVE AND- VIGI- LANT LABOR MOVEMENT, SHORT plus... SOUL AND ROCK BANDS OLD FILLMORE GARY @ FILEMORE UNITE AGAINST FASCISM! Kenny Horsten Member UAW #1364 Blaine Wishart Member Teamsters Local John Feit Member Butcher Workmen #203 Excesses in FBI Wire Tapping Where does national security begin, so far as Federal Bureau of Investigation wire- * lapping and bugging is concerned? With a Nobel peace prize winner, the assassinated Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.? With a former heavyweight champion, Muhammad Ali, formerly Cassius Clay? With the leader of the Black Muslims, Eli- jah Muhammad? With a pro football star, Joe Namath? With Tom Hayden, founder of * the Students for a Democratic Society? With Jerry Rubin, the Yippie leader? With Bobby Seale, a leader in the Black Panth- ers? With David T. Dellinger and Reynard C. Davis of the National Mobilization to End the War in Vietnam? fExcept for Namath what they have in * common is that the Justice Department has been forced to admit in court that it tapped their phone conversations, violating both court orders and a presidential directive. ’ The only legitimate use of wiretapping allowed under President Johnson’s execu- tive order issued June 30, 1965, is in nation- ‘al security investigations. The order also provides that no wiretapping “shall be un- dertaken or continued without first obtain- ing the approval of the attorney general.” Former Atty.'Gen. Ramsay Clark, who served from Oct. 1, 1966 to last Jan. 20, said that while he headed the Justice Depart- ment he had never given the FBI (J. Edgar Hoover, director) authorization to tap or bug Dr. King or Elijah Muhammad. But while the former attorney general _ disapproves, the current one, John N. Mitchell, approves. : A statement filed by Mitchell in U.S. Distriet Court in Chicago defended tapping the phones of five persons facing federal an- tiriot charges for disturbances at the Demo- eratic National Convention. They are Hay- den, Rubin, Seale, Dellinger and Davis. ‘This document claims the unrestricted ‘right of the FBI to extend its immunity for national security eavesdropping inte black nationalist, campus militant and antiwar groups, The federal memorandum said - wiretapping against the five political activ- ists was “deemed necessary to protect the nation from attempts of domestic organiza- tions to use unlawful means te attack and subvert the existing structure of govern- ment.” . Where will all this end? Will the end of INSIDE FASCIST AMERICA the line be a tap on anybody’s telephone? Football star Namath has not been charged with anything. But Newsweek reports the FBI tapped the pay telephone in his New York restaurant. It prints excerpts of con- versations that could only have been over- heard by the tappers. Joe Namath a securi- ty risk? Only to other grid teams. Were the agents searching for subversives among all those gamblers? Dr. King a security risk? Only. to people who fear the true spirit of democracy. Back ficom at the Recerd Shop The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 1L— BIG BROTHER IS LISTENING TO EVERYBODY (FRED News Service, June 18) Electronic eavesdropping onay- erage citizens as well as radicals is expanding rapidly under the U.S government's rush towards a po- lice state, The Justice Department was forced to reveal its position in U S. District Court Friday, June 13 in response to demands by the Conspiracy that all information collected through wire tapping be shown to their defense attorneys as prescribed by the U.S, Supreme Court. The statement from the Justice Department contended that the gov- ernment does not have to secure court approval before installing electronic surveillance devices a- gainst organizations it suspects of trying to ‘‘foment violent disor- ders’ across the nation, This is the category in which they place the Conspiracy 8 under federal indictment for crossing state lines to incite a riot during the Demo- cratic National Convention. The Justice Department claimed Presidential authority, delegated to the attorney general, to use wire tapping in foreign intelligence gathering and monitoring of con- versations of domestic organiza- tions suspected of planning to use unlawful means to overthrow or subvert the government, The cri- teria used to determine which do- mestic organizations endanger the national security have been very broad, even including figures like Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr, In fact the FBI has even been tapping the phones of members of Congress in its maintenance of ‘internal security.” U.S. officials are working very hard to protect this domestic spy apparatus from public scrutiny, U.S, Attorney Thomas Foren said Friday that some of the wire tap records would be turned over to the Conspiracy’ s lawyers but other portions would not be revealed. The Justice Department has given these conversations to U,S. Dis- trict Court Judge Julius Hoffman to read over secretly before he concurs with its decision to with- hold the information. Trying to imitate the big boys, Cook County State’s attorney Ed- ward Hanrahan had his wrist slapp- ed by the Senate judiciary commit- tee. Downstate Republican legis- lators dislike his wire tap bill In pig sty America there are the die-harvis, What does die-hard mean? ‘Hard’? means to be in- flexible to the will of the people, while ‘“ .1e”’ means to be dead set against the people’s progress of today. These fools, the Rockefell- ers, the Lindsays, the chiefs of Pigs across racist America are such people that make up the league or category called the die-hards, To make them serve the people is no easy matter. It is very clear in the State of New York that these fools have turned their asses to the people. The only movement that they en- dorse and have led successfully is the ‘bowel movement.’’ One which allows them to sh-t all over humanity, one which led them to believe that the people of this coun- try are satisfied with the waste (crumbs) that they pour into our communities, The shame, the filth and the decadence of real America here and everywhere sheds light on the fact that these avaricious - businessmen, demagogic _politi- cians and their crazy henchmen, the gestapo pig stormtroopers are responsible for turning our com- munities into shambles infested with lackey, sell-out uncle sam, red white and blue niggers. These die-hards and their shel- tered running dogs have plundered this country into a catastrophe. Because of the effectiveness of the Political campaign set forth by the Black Panther Party at exposing these die-hards for what they really are, the pig power struc- ture has advanced an open cam- paign to wipe out the people’s Vv: through murder, con- spiracy, infiltration by nigger kook pigs and senate investigations to mislead the masses, Because the people of this coun- try are becoming more and more aware of the corruptness of this system, these crazy fool die-hards are making their last attempt to stop the people’s struggle. And be- cause the people are becoming con- stantly awave of the necessity to take up the gun to deal with these mad-dog nihilists, the pigs of the power structure have found it ne- cessary to heighten their war against the people in this coun- try to out and out fascism. There are not longer any ques- tions in the minds of the Black Panther Party rank and file about the intention of the die-hard clique. We have seenthe examples of other imperialist countries and how fas- cism moved in and wiped out mil- lions upon millions of people. U.S. capitalism, its puppets and all their mad-dogs have issued orders to wage an open attack on all the so- called subversives, but in parti- cular the Black Panther Party, These fascist sandmen want to keep the people unaware and asleep so they can move their program in unnoticed, They want the masses to stay anti-political or politically immature, They want the masses to believe the brutal acts against the true patriots (revolutionaries) are in the interest of the people. So they mame and kill in the name of “‘law and order’’, They want the masses to endorse all their geno- cidal wars against other peoples thousands of miles away, they call the U.S. invasion a move toprotect so-called U.S, democracy (by mur- dering the Vietnamese people?) People are awakening, Still many are confused, not knowing who the real enemy is. They realize that we are aware of their scheme and these fools understand that the Black Panther Party has the kpow- ledge and leadership to wage a poli- tical campaign that will expose them and this campaign has edu- cated so many people that they(the die-hards) cannot sit comfortably any longer. Theyare truly ‘lifting a rock only to drop it on one’s own foot,’’ We say this,,.that the die-hards have many schemes to stop the oppressed masses of racist Ba- bylon America, many schemes and much technology, But the spirit of of the people is greater than the of the people sheds light on the outcome, which will not be the li- quidation of the Black Panther Par- ty and progress, by die-hardism, but the total liquidation of die- hardism by the progress of the people’s struggle. As for our poli- cy on the attacks by the pig die- hard fascist clique, “‘We are the advocates of the abolition of War. We do not want War, but War can only be abolished through War, and in order to get rid of the Gun, it is necessary to take up the Gun. We will win! ALL POWER TOTHE ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE! FREE HUEY! = FREE THE NEW YORK 21! DOWN WITH DIE-HARDISM! Brother Jymbo Black Panther Party Brooklyn, New York which proposed that a state’ s attor- ney or a peace officer could lis- ten in on a conversation with the consent of only one party. State Sen William Horsley (R-Spring- field) said that under this ‘*a part- time deputy sheriff could listen in on a conversation between two people involved ina divorce case.’’ Hanrahan agreed to make it man- datory that wiretapping authoriza- tion be given only in cases of suspected ‘‘criminal’’ activity and decided that only the state’s at- torney would be able to authorize the eavesdropping, This versionot the bill was approved by the Sen- ate, The bill was earlier approved by the house without the amend- ments so it must be sent to a conference committee before going to the governor, The wire tap bill is seen as a test of the Su- preme Court's recent ruling that both parties must approve the elec- tronic eavesdropping on their con- versation. Hanrahan should not feel too badly about having to insert the restrictions in his bill. The FBI can give him their wire tap information onanyone this bill pre- vents him from snooping on direct- ly. I want to take this opportunity to say hello to Brother Huey P, New- tor Minister of Defense of the Black Panther Party, the leader of the Black Panther Party and the man who has done more, who has done most, who has sacrificed most to elevate the struggle, the revolu- tionary struggle in Babylon, It has been a long time since I’ve been able to say hello to Huey. Huey’s in the same prison that I was in once. I know what he’s going through being confronted by those fiendish pigs, those hogs that they call prison guards, AndI don’t know what can I say to Huey? Can I say Huey what’s happening? Can I say how are you Huey? All I can say is Power to the People Huey. I understand, I know that you under- stand, And right on, All Power to the People, I want to take this opportunity to send a personal and a warm greeting particularly to my com- rades in the Black Panther Party, to the brothers and sisters in the Black Panther Party, but also just as warmly and very personally, I want to send this message to allof my friends in Babylon. I want you to know that I'm reunited with Kathleen, It’s very beautiful to be with her again, It?s also very beau- tiful to know that sucha thing could happen - that we do have the pow- er to do some things, And as far as I'm concerned, it was not pos- sible because of me, it was not possible because of Kathleen, but it was only possible because of the power of the people. It dem- onstrated that by working together, we do have the ability to resist the manipulations and the op- pression and the games that all the combined pig agencies in Baby- lon have in their power todo, That, even though they are opposed to Kathleen and I being together, even though they want me in prison or dead, even though they want to be able to thwart anything oppressed people want to do, they tried their hardest to do this, But they failed. They have failed up to this point. So that, we know that they are not invincible, We know that they can be opposed successfully, And, we know that not only can they be op- Posed on these small levels, but rated from the — Possible for us to overthrow the capitalist system, and to rid the earth of capitalism, imperialism, and neo-colonialism and also all forms of oppression entirely, We know that this is possible, Throughout history, mankind has struggled to create a better world, and we have been struggling inour time to create a better world, I think that we have been making pro- gress, I think that our situation is not as terrible, and is not as hope- less - and they are up against the wall, all over the world, The entire world is rising up against them, and is liberating itself from them, and it is our jobto continue our struggle no matter what the resistance from the pigs might be, Iwant everybody to know that Ihave not retired from the struggle, that, in fact, ifevery- thing could be said at this Parti- cular moment, you would know that I’ve been very much involved inthe struggle every moment that I’ve been out of sight. And that the struggle goes on everywhere, And, that everywhere progress in the struggle is being made, But we have a tremendous amount of work to do. Pm sick in my heart over the news of all the repression that the pigs are bringing down on all sections of the movement in Baby- lon, But I have to say that it?s not suprising, that this is something that we fully expect, We also fully expect it to get a thousand times worse than it is, because whether we know it or not, the pigs know that they are involved in a war - a class war, And they are waging this war at this particular time in order to preserve their racist, decadent, capitalistic, imperial- istic and neo-colonialistic power structure. They want to do this, and they would rather be dead than to see this system destroyed, And our survival, our happiness, our freedom, our future, the future of our children depends upon their destruction, So that, we know, we talk as though we know we're in- volved in a war, And we act at sometimes as though we were in- volved in a war, but the pigs act at all times as though they are in- volved in a war, So, we have to become more fully aware and fully conscious of this, I'm very de- lighted to know that members of SOMEWHER THIRD WOR the Black Panther Party have become more conscious ofthe need for ideology or to formalize our ideology, ’'m speaking particularly about a more conscious knowledge of Marxist-Leninist principles, because a knowledge of Marxism- Leninism is invaluable to op- Pressed peoples struggling against capitalism and imperialism be- cause in the theories of Marxism- Leninism, we find a very accurate and very useful analysis of the cap- italistic system, we find a clear picture of what’s going on in the world and it makes us know who our friends are and who our enemies are, who our potential allies are, and how we have to move in order to destroy the system of our enemies, So, it’s very good to see these developments. I’m also very glad to see that the Students for a Democratic Society is de- veloping rapidly as it is, I agree that they had a perfect right to issue the resolution that they did issue. I’ve read the arguments on both sides as to the merits of the resolution, as to whether or not they had a right to comment on the struggle in the black community = > = = Eldridge Cleaver., Mini Black Panthe and I would not even care todignify the reactionary argements of the opposition by commenting or trying to refute the arguments, I don’t think they’re worthy of discussion, I think they were reactionary and I think that SDS is perfectly right in what it did, ’m very glad tosee that it happened, I’m also very glad to see the struggle developing so rapidly in the Chicano community and the Puerto Rican community, the Chinese community, the Indian community, the red man’s com- munity, And also,;I was very glad to hear news. and to see pictures of the Young Patriots, the young white warriors who have related to the oppressed people, who have re- cognized themselves as being op- Pressed and are relating on a fun- damental level. I’m very gladto see all these developments, I want to encourage those developments and say that we need to broaden our base in that regard, We need to have every community. united in that regard--united itself first, The revolutionary forces within each community must become united, And, we must develop ma- chinery that transcends eachcom- Minister of Information, Ee anther Party m= lad res ung dto re= op= n= see t to and ur rst, me a= m- munity, that connects the revolu- tionary forces in each community with each other so that they canall be focused on our common enemy. This is not impossible to do, I think that we have discovered the proper mechanism for doing this and that it is inevitable that this process will develop no matter what opposition or stumbling blocks are placed in our way by our enemies or by our well- mean- ing, but misguided friends, The most important thing that I would like to talk to you about, the most important thing happening, is something that I can’t talk to you about at this time, except to say that I believe that itis time for our struggle to go through a qualitative change. It’s very clear that Baby- lon is stacking up with fugitives, that many of us are no longer able to function within the frame-work of Babylonian legality, and so, therefore, we have the choice of either ceasing to function or to con- tinue functioning outside of the framework of Babylonian legality, within the frame work of that which is legitimized by the people and by the people’s struggle, I want to make it very clear that this is the choice that I make, That even though the Babylonians look upon me as a fugitive, I want them to know that I am not the fugitive, that they are the fugitives, They are the fugitives from the justice of the people, And that they may think that the arm of the law is long, but I want them to know that the arm of the people is much longer than the arm of the pig. And there is no place they can hide. They cannot hide here in con- temporary times, They will not be able to hide in history because we will seek them out dead or alive, and we will put them in their por- per place now and also in history, Justice will be done and justice will be established in reality andalso in the history books, That they are damned eternally by their actions, They are damned now by their Present actions, and they will be damned historically by the evil that they're doing on the Planet earth, So that there’s no hope for them. They are the fugitives and we are pursuing them and we are going to capture them, and we’re going to inflict justice upon them whether they like it or not, We have always known that Richard Meathead Nixon, Bone nose Nixon is a dirty, treacherous motherfucker. Now he has really Proven how dirty and treacherous he really is, For my own part, I didn’t require any more proof be- cause I wathced the man’s career and his election to the Presidency of the United States, to me is a very accurate reflection of the crisis that the United States is in, because for a nation to be in such @ condition as to elevate such a man to supreme power, it means that there’s a low reading on the bar- ometer in Babylon because at last the gutter has been scraped, The gutter, the political gutter of Baby- lon has been scraped in order to come up with a leader to secede Lyndon Baines Johnson, Lyndon Baines Johnson, everyone thought was the ultimate in scurviness in the political arena, But Lyndon Baines Johnson came off the bot- tom of the bucket whereas Richard Nixon represents that whichleaked through the bottom ofthe bucket and merged with the mud, So the man comes from out of the mud of the political cesspool and I think it’s very fitting that he is now Presi- dent of the United States, He has now released his vicious mad dog J, Edgar Hoover to implement the fascistic repression that he has always wanted to implement publicly, that he has in fact been implementing privately all of his career so that all the shitis coming out in the open, That we finally have the gestapo functioning openly so that everyone can see them for what they really are and so that not only the people who have been suffering from the persecution of the gestapo have known about it, but now it’s out in the open so that everyone can see it in oper- ation, We have these pigs vamping on freedom fighters, and imposing not bail--it is no longer bail--now it is ransom, And everyone can see that $200,000 bonds, $100,000 bonds, are nothing but ransom, Because what the pigs are ad- mitting by this ransom is that the system is so fragile, that they are so uptight, that they can no longer deal with the revolutionary forces, but they have to get the revolution- forces out of the streets by any a eans necessary, So that it?s good. to know that, I hope that they don’t think - well, I don’t care what the pigs think - but it’s very clear to me, having been in prison myself, that they will not stop anything by locking these brothers and sisters up. The only thing that they will do is increase their revolutionary fervor. They will create more re- volutionaries because when these brothers and sisters go to prison, they will take the message there and Babylon has had it. Babylon has had it because there are too many angry men and angry women in Babylon for Babylon to survive, It’s no longer a case of one or two bad apples in a barrel, but it’sa barrel of good apples who know that they’re not bad apples, who now realize that the pigs are the bad apples in the barrel and its time for some pruning. And so we’re gonna do some pruning and we’re gonna prune these bad apples, these pig apples, off the tree of life and put them into the garbage can of history where they belong, This I'd like to say to the revol- utionary forces in Babylon, Ido not want people to think that Iwas set- ting an example on how to deal with the situation by leaving Babylon, I hope that you understand that it was my desire to remain in Babylon, to go underground in Babylon, and to continue my struggle and my parti- cipation in the struggle under- ground, I do not want people to be- lieve that the best thing to do is to leave, I would advise them that if it’s at all possible do not leave, but to stay in Babylon and to con- tinue the struggle and make it pos- sible for others who have already left to return because that is where my heart is. That is where I want to struggle. And that is where I will be returning toas soonas possible, and it’s not far away, and, do you dig it? Do you dig it? Do you realize that I will be back and that I'll be back soon? And that just as I was able to get out without the Pigs being able to do anything about it, I will be able to get back in with- out the pigs being able to do any-~ thing about it. How can I not say something to - I mean all the names pop into my head, So Pll just say, right on people, Right on, Right on Brother Bobby. Right on Brother David, Right on, eta mre = The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 14° CONT. FROM LAST ISSUE THE PARAMILITARY RIGHT “Hider had the Jews; we've got the niggers. We have to put our main stress on the nigger question, of course, be- cause that’s what preoccupies the masses —but we're not forgetting the Jew. If the Jews knew what was coming—and believe me, it’s coming as surely as the dawn—they'd realize that what's going to happen in America will make Nazi many look like a Sunday-school picnic. We'll build better gas chambers, and more of them, and this time there won’t be any refugees. The average American has only a thin veneer of civilization separating him from the savage, you know—far less of a veneer than the Germans had. When that’s stripped away and he really goes wild, when this thing really explodes, there'll be a rope hanging over the lamppost for every Jew and nigger in America. Jesus, I'd hate to be in their shoes! But you remember what Napoleon said about revolutions —you can't make an omelet without breaking eggs.” He paused and seemed to brood for a few seconds, _ “OF course, there are some good Jews, you know, Jews like Dan Burros, who was a friend of mine. Yeah, print that some of my best friends are Jews, Dan Burros was one of the most patriotic, dedicated Americans you'll ever meet in your life.” Frankhouser fell silent. Burros was a fanatic American Nazi who served as Rockwell's lieutenant for years, then re- signed in 1962 to edit a magazine called Kill! and finally became a Klan led He had rushed into Frankhouser’s ‘iouse in October 1965 brandishing an issue of The New York Times that exposed his _ Jewish ancestry, snatched a loaded pistol from the wall and blown his brains out. Frankhouser’s reverie was interrupted as the car came to a stop. After turning off the engine, Roger motioned the three of us to remain in our seats while he got out, holding what looked like a pair of castanets. Two loud, _high- pitched ciacks resounded through the thickly forested mountain slopes and were echoed almost instantly from up the road. I didn’t see the two men, both dressed in plaid hunting jackets and matching caps, until they were within five feet of us. Both were young, with healthy outdoor faces, and both cradled 12-gauge shotguns under their arms. They said nothing, but Roger nodded to them, and then to us. We climbed out and stood beside the car, shivering in the still, moonless night. “This is him,” said Roger, jerking a thumb in my direction. “He's got a tape recorder, so if you don't want to say anything, don’t.” One of the men didn’t acknowledge my presence, but his companion, a tanned six-footer in his early 20s, walked forward and pumped my hand vigorous- ly, introducing himself as Tom Jordan. “You just write the truth about us, mister, that’s all, and we'll be real good friends.” His smile was warm and open, his eyes empty. “We just hate to make enemies.” He turned and motioned us to follow him off the road and into the tangled underbrush. The snow was several inches deep and the going was difficult, . doubly so since no one used a flashlight. We walked for about 20 minutes, most of the time in what appeared to be spirals —evidently to ensure that I would never be able to retrace our steps—and finally halted in a small clearing sentried by snow-laden pines. Roger clacked his noisemaker again; this time four men materialized out of the shadows, all dressed in identical hunting outfits, all carrying shotguns. Roger—who had lost a leg in Vietnam as a Green Beret— limped up to the group and spoke quiet- ly for a moment, then called me to his side. There were no introductions this time. He dug one booted foot into the ground and said, “Here it is. We've got every- thing out but the rockets. You can go take a look before we set the fuse.” I glanced down, but could see nothing but frozen earth. Roger's thin mouth inned. “Not bad, huh?” He reached over, Jer. pried his fingers into the ground and pulled up a dirt-covered trap door. A three-foot square of light glowed at my feet. “The Feds could be standing on it and they'd never guess it was there,”’ he said, as close to good humor as I ever saw him. “Go down and see for yourself.” I climbed with difficulty about 12 feet down a wooden ladder and into a narrow tunnel leading into a room ap- proximately 22 feet long and 18 feet wide. The air was dank, and light flick- ered from three kerosene lamps hanging on the root-laced dirt walls. The bunker was equipped with electric light fixtures, but the generator, also underground, had been detonated earlier. There were two bunks built into a wall, a number of empty rifle racks and several Jethal- looking red-finned rockets, each four feet long, reclining on roughhewn pine shelves. Roger clambered down behind me, followed by Frankhouser and the Impe- rial Nighthawk. Jordan and the others remained outside. “These rockets are little beauties,” Roger told me, picking one up in his right hand like a toy. “They have a range of thirty miles with the right launching tube and carry one hell of a pay load. You could sit on a roof in New York and lob one of these on Newark and wipe out half a city block with nobody the wiser. It took us two years of experimenting and a lot of close calls before we got them operational, but now we're stockpiling them all across the country. They're light, portable and deadly—the ideal weapon for our kind of resistance movement.” Frankhouser called my attention to a small makeshift laboratory built into the back wall. “This is the chemical closet,” he said, pointing to a jumble of Bunsen burners, beakers and empty test tubes. “Every bunker is equipped with one, no matter how rudimentary. We mainly use it for making nitroglycerin and nitro- glycol.” I asked if that wasn’t pretty volatile material to play around with, and Frankhouser appeared offended. “We're not amateurs, you know. Every man in this unit goes through intensive training in the manufacture of nitroglycerin. If you've got the right chemicals and the right measurements, anybody with a fair degree of intelligence can do it.” He walked over to a half-empty steel filing cabinet, riffled through the draw- ers and extracted a sheaf of papers. “These are a few of our confidential training manuals,” he said, “but it won't do any harm for you to take a look.” He handed me a three-page mimeographed pamphlet titled “Nitroglycerin.” It be- gan: “Basically, the production of nitro- glycerin involves the gradual addition of glycerol to a mixture of nitric and sul- phuric acids, followed by separation of the nitroglycerin from the waste products. The following directions will serve for the laboratory preparation of NG in small amounts.” It concluded with the admoni- tion to be careful in handling the solu- tion, since “Nitro in its liquid form has from 30 to 60 times more explosive power than in dynamite form.” Roger slumped on one bunk in appar- ent boredom, but Frankhouser leaned over my shoulder, eagerly indicating other points of interest in the Minute- man ordnance manuals. “That one is about Molotov cock- tails,” he said. ‘They're the crudest com- ponent of any resistance arsenal, but don’t underestimate them on that ac- count. They're still damn useful in street fighting or in terror bombings.” He handed me a booklet informing the student that “The best setup for making ‘Molotov cocktails’ is as follows: Using the small disposable-type beer bot- ues, filled with a homemade napalm mix- ture of two-thirds gasoline and one-third Duz, fill the bottles and cap them with an inexpensive bottle capper available at most drugstores. Tape a regular Tam- pax sanitary device to each bottle with masking tape.” Frankhouser laughed as I finished reading it aloud. “We should really set up joint training sessions with the nig- gers, shouldn’t we? A community of com- mon interest, and all that shit.” I asked him what else was manufac- tured in the bunker’s laboratory facilities. “You'd be surprised at the wide range of killers you can produce with rela- tively unsophisticated equipment,” he replied, referring me again to the Min- uteman manual, where novitiates were instructed that “A good cheap explosive can be made by distilling iodine crystals. When kept in ammonia they are very stable, but when dried out, become highly explosive. . . . Pure sodium metal while dry is perfectly stable, but when “ placed in water is a terrific explosive. It burns with intense heat and gives off a deadly gas.” The manual contained instructions for even more imaginative lethal agents: “Methane gas (or nerve gas) is obtained when small slivers of [a common com- mercial plastic] are inserted in a ciga- rette. The results are always fatal, and almost immediate. The only known antidote is atropine, which must be taken immediately.” I asked Frankhouser if these sorts of weapons had been used by Minutemen in the terrorist attacks and bombings that have plagued civil rights and peace groups in recent years. He grinned and said, “Let’s just say we're not doing all this for our own amusement.” Roger glanced at his watch and told us the fuses were ready. As we turned to go, Frankhouser gestured to a small bar- rel at the foot of one bunk, from which two wires extended out the tunnel and up the ladder. “That's filled with hydrogen gas,” he explained. “We use the wires to spark it off electrically, This whole place will disappear without a trace. And the noise of the explosion is a damn sight less than dynamite, too; you won't be able to hear it more than a half mile away.” Lugging the last of their cached weap- ons, the three Minutemen led the way up the ladder. I was the last to go, and Frank- houser turned to look back over his shoulder at me as he reached the top rung. “All we'd have to do is slam this trap door shut and leave you here to go up with the bunker.” He smiled boy- ishly. “Unless somebody knew just where to look, they’d never find your body in a thousand years.” Forcing a smile, I climbed out into the icy night air. Roger led us back to the edge of the clearing, stopping on the way to angrily snatch a cigarette from the Imperial Nighthawk’s mouth and grind it out under his heel. Jordan was crouched over the wires that snaked out of the bunker’s mouth. He looked up at Roger, waited for his nod, and then touched the two wires together. There was a soft muffled blump and the earth in the clearing rippled for a few seconds and then ebbed to its familiar contours. In the silence that followed, three of the men patted down the disturbed ground with spades while Jordan cut off the wires with a pair of shears where they extended from the earth. Frankhouser, the Imperial Nighthawk and I turned to follow Roger back to the car. “A shame that place was compro- mised,” Frankhouser murmured as we trudged through the snow, “but we've got plenty more.” As I left the car, back at my downtown hotel, Frankhouser told me, “What you've seen tonight may not seem too impressive in a military sense. But re- member, it only takes one match to ignite a tinderbox.” With a sure flair for melodrama, he lit a cigarette and flicked the match into the gutter, Roger didn’t say good night. Five days later, I took a plane for Kansas City. When I checked in at the airport motel, DePugh was waiting for me as arranged. Tall and heavy-set, he was dressed casually in khaki slacks and a red wool pullover. His jet-black hair Was receding, and he sported a luxuriant beard, “for my home town’s centennial celebration”—an explanation I had no reason to doubt at the time, although I later discovered there was a different and far more practical reason. DePugh’s features were handsome in a rawboned fashion, but his skin was unusually pale in the muted light of the motel coffee shop where we had an early lunch before driving to his office in Norborne, His dark eyes were deep-set and commanding, with a disconcerting habit of dancing around and beyond mine as he spoke esi and then suddenly fixing on me with a, baleful stare to punctuate a point. In the time I spent with him, DePugh was in- variably friendly and accommodating, but I never felt completely comfortable under that gaze. : Sipping a lemonade—he neither drinks nor smokes, but sucks constantly on medicated throat lozenges—DePugh went out of his way to put me at ease, “From what the press prints about us, you probably expected me to be waiting for you with a Thompson sub- machine gun,” he said, smiling. “But I'm glad you came, and I want you to be my guest while you're here. There's a lot I have to say, and not much time to say it in.” At the time, I missed the significance of that last remark, and merely won- dered how he had earned his reputation for taciturn hostility to the press. DePugh drove me to Norborne in his dusty station wagon, crammed with unopened correspondence and cartons stamped with the name of his veterinary- medicine firm. He appeared preoccupied on the ride and chatted desultorily about his impending four-year sentence for violation of the Federal Firearms Act, assuring me that the cache of ma- chine guns discovered on his property by Federal agents was planted there as part of a “political frame-up.” I asked him if he would peacefully surrender to serve his sentence when and if his ap- peals to the higher courts were exhaust- ed. “I'll cross that bridge when I come to it,” he replied, DePugh’s’ spirits, seemed to lighten® when we left Highway 10 and pulled into Norborne, a dusty farm community of 950 people, most of whom seem not to have decided whether their celebrated neighbor has put the town on the map or blackened its name with notoriety. The Biolab Corporation, a seedy seven- room, one-story white stucco building on Main Street, doubles as Minutemen headquarters, and the front room was piled high with literature and back cop- ies of the organization’s house ‘organ, On Target. The sickly sweet smell of a vitamin A preparation clung heavily in the air and, in the back, veterinary medi- cines were being mixed in two huge SEE NEXT PG, FROM LAST PAGE vats by white-smocked lab technicians. DePugh introd»ced me to his wife, a small apple-dumpling woman with a sweet smile and haggard eyes, and to his daughter Christine, a pert red- head who had recently been elected high school home-coming queen and was now addressing envelopes at an overflowing desk. He then ushered me into his private office, a windowless room lined with floor- to-ceiling bookshelves. DePugh slumped into the leather swivel chair behind his desk—ornamented with an antiaircraft shell and littered with clips of .30-caliber ammunition and unopened letters—and shouted for coffee, which was served us by a teenager with a scraggly beard whom he proudly introduced as a Minuteman infiltrator in the national headquarters of the leftist W. E. B. DuBois Clubs. As we sipped our coffee, I glanced at some of the books on his shelves: Texts on guerrilla warfare by Ché Guevara, Generai Giap, Mao Tse-tung and Gen- erai Grivas of the Cypriot resistance movement adjoined H. C. Lea's three- volume occult classic Materials Toward a History of Witchcraft, the Department of State’s four-volume Documents of German Foreign Policy, 1918-1945, As- sault Battle Drill by Major General J. C. Fry, On War by Von Clausewitz and as- sorted volumes of Kant, Nietzsche, Schopenhauer, George Orwell and Boris Pasternak. If nothing else, DePugh’s reading tastes were catholic. He watched me cataloging his library and then smiled indulgently. “If you're looking for Mein Kampf, it’s not there,” he said. “I read and reread it when I was a teenager. I could quote it to you from memory.” “Were you impressed?” I asked. “I'm a compulsive reader,” he said. “A lot of things impress me.” As my tape recorder spun quietly on the desk between us, I told DePugh about my icy foray into the Appalachians with his “troops,” and asked how the caches of arms they were stockpiling across the nation would ultimately be used. “Those stockpiles are being laid away for the time when the struggle reaches the point of armed confrontation. In the interim, we intend to continue our campaign of aug political. propaganda and_ proselyti; “Do you ny believe a handful of men with machine guns, mortars and homemade bombs could ever overcome the United States Army, the National Guard and local police forces?” I asked. “First of all, we'll have a lot more than a handful of men ready to fight when the time comes. Of course, we could never overwhelm the Govern- ment’s military power in conventional, set-piece battles; but the whole purpose of revolutionary guerrilla warfare is to so terrorize and demoralize the state apparatus that it'll collapse from its own internal stresses and contradictions. Cas- tro didn’t conquer Cuba militarily; at the time Batista fled into exile, the government forces still had overwhelm- ing military superiority and could have wiped out the rebels in a traditional military battle—but Castro and Guevara blended political persuasion and terror- ism with guerrilla warfare so effectively that they undermined the state's morale and its capacity to defend itself. Even after Dien Bien Phu, the French still maintained military supremacy in Indo- china and could have fought on for years against the Vietminh; but Giap’s bril- liant use of insurgency tactics eroded the French will to resist and they scuttled and ran. At the height of his effective- ness on Cyprus, General Grivas had only one hundred full-time terrorists—but by selective assassinations and_ terrorism and dynamic use of psychological war- fare, he brought the British to théir knees.” He steepled his fingers thoughtfully. “The success of any guerrilla insurgency is predicated on two factors: discontent among the population and irresolution in the state apparatus. Ruthless exploitation of those elements by even a tiny minority of insurgents can topple a government with the strongest “military force at its disposal.” I listened, absorbed. Despite his fanat- icism, and the patent absurdity of his Weltanschauung, the man emanated a disturbing aura of. power and purpose. I had traveled to Kansas City expecting to encounter a corn-belt Robert Welch, an untutored hick demagogically peddling the tired nostrums of the ultraright, leavened with a fillip of paramilitarism to titillate the lunatic fringe; instead, I had found an urbane, intelligent, even mildly cynical political theorist who ap- peared seriously to envisage the day when his followers would seize power in a nation bled dry by foreign wars and ravaged at home by racial strife and economic upheaval. He continued: “A key factor in the U.S. is that in the crunch we could count on support from sizable segments of the Armed Forces and police; in fact, if you break down Minuteman member- ship into employment categories, you'll find more cops than any other single group.” “You mentioned assassination as a particularly effective method of terroriz- ing the opposition,” I said. “Are the Minutemen prepared to liquidate their political enemies? Have they already be- gun to do so?” DePugh seemed prepared for the question. “You could hardly expect me to tell you if we'd removed anybody in the past,” he said. “We don’t volunteer that kind of information. In fact, up till now the Minutemen have adhered to what I call the principle of deliberate delay. The past eight years have been used to marshal our strength, to train and harden our cadres for the time when we'll be dealing in bullets instead of pamphlets; any premature action such as assassination could only give the state a perfect excuse for cracking down on us, and I've deliberately discouraged it.” “Then you've refrained from resorting to assassination only for strategic rea- sons?” I asked. “IT have no moral qualms whatsoever about political assassination. The stakes in this struggle are too high, for both America and all of Western civilization, for us to forgo any means, however brutal, that could ‘tip the scales in our favor. In fact, of course, we're entering a praetorian age of assassination and counterassassination, where political questions won't be decided by the qual- ity of your argument, but by the quality of your marksmanship.” He plucked the silver foil from a throat lozenge and popped it into his mouth, “You know,” he went on, “one man with a telescopic rifle can have more impact on the course of history than a hundred political treatises or a dozen political parties. In any society The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 15 travel 35 feet in this one-half second. Since the average passenger car is about 12 feet long, it will be necessary to lead the front edge of the car by three and one half lengths for the bullet to strike in the vicinity of the driver's seat.” Two more pages of detailed instruc- tions on firing distances and velocity ensued, complete with diagrams, fol- lowed by exhortations on accuracy when sniping at targets moving on foot. As I finished reading, DePugh leaned back in his chair. “That's just the basic instruc- tions every one of our members starts out with,” he said. “We follow it up with months of training and firing at moving and stationary targets. Man for man, we probably have better marksmen than the Army or Marines.” I started to hand the document back to him, but he waved it aside. “Keep it as a souvenir,” he said. “Maybe some day there'll be somebody you want out of the way, and it'll come in useful.” He crunched his lozenge. “Actually, you know, a rifle is a relatively crude means of killing a man. We go through damn thorough arms training, but guns are only one small element in a really modern resistance arsenal. All this stress on gun control and registration has al- ways given me sort of a chuckle; I've often thought of writing a book called 1001 Ways to Kill a Man Without Using Firearms—dedicated to Senator Dodd, of course.” “Would you care to name a few?” “Well, the most lethal weapons at our disposal are chemical- and bacteriologi- cal-warfare agents. The man in the street seems to believe there's something sci- ence-fictional about these devices—that they can only be manufactured in ultra- sophisticated, top-secret Government lab- oratories. But the unique thing about C.B.W. agents is that they can be pro- duced with a minimum of laboratory facilities, and at surprisingly low cost. All that's needed is a certain level of education and training and _re'atively rudimentary equipment; almost any competent chemist, for example, could synthesize deadly nerve gases of various ” 3 I knew DePugh was a trained chemist, and his Biolab facilities were far from rudimentary. “Have you ever tried to produce nerve gas yourself?" I asked. Through the open door I could see his pretty teenage daughter laughing coquettishly with the hippie-Minuteman who had brought our coffee. My ques- tion struck me as unreal. there are certain individuals who are the keystones of the state structure —and if they're surgically removed, one by one, the whole edifice could collapse.” He smiled. “When you really think about it, assassination is a relatively hu- mane means of effecting political change. Instead of riots and revolutions and street battles that would kill hundreds of thou- sands, you merely eliminate a policy by eliminating its architects. Quite a pro- gressive concept, actually.” “Are you training Minutemen as po- litical assassins?” I asked. He looked through a mound of pa- pers on his desk and tossed me a four- page mimeographed pamphlet stamped CONFIDENTIAL. “When using telescop- ic sights,” the paper began, “the sniper aims his rifle by placing the top of the post reticle (the cross hairs in most civilian-type scope sights) on the aiming point. But the sniper’s final concentration should be on the reticle rather than the target.” Every problem confronting the aspiring assassin, from adverse winds to crowds surrounding his victim, was covered;- and particular at- tention was given to targets in moving vehicles: “At an average speed of 2100 feet per second, it will require one-half second for the bullet to travel 350 yards. During this half second an automobile would move about seven feet for each ten miles per hour it was traveling. At 50 miles per hour the vehicle would “Yes, we've done it right here at Bio- lab, and elsewhere across the country.” DePugh smiled as he added, “Though our initial experiment got me into hot water with my kids. A few years ago, we developed our first batch of nerve gas and decided to try out a sample on the family pet, a one-hundred-eighty-pound Irish wolfhound. We diluted it down to approximately one tenth of what we thought would trigger a noticeable physi- ological response and gave him a whiff; he walked about six steps and fell over dead as a doornail. We tried artificial respiration and gave him oxygen, but none of our efforts could revive him and my children didn’t speak to me for a week!” he smile faded, and he stroked the antiaircraft shell on his desk pad ab- stractedly. “Of course, our techniques are much more sophisticated now. We have a number of our own physicians and bac- teriologists working on the production of biological agents and, just as impor- tant, antitoxins to immunize our own men. Most of this research goes on after hours in public and private institutions where they hold a regular job during” the day and have an opportunity to moonlight a few hours in the evening on projects of their own. I'd suspect that some C.B.W. agents researched by us are even further developed than anything the Regular Army has; we've gone into such advanced phases of biological war- fare as the selective breeding of various sathogens in order to increase or de- crease their virulence and to render them resistant to antibiotics. You know, a knowledge of bacteriology coupled with a knowledge of genetics can produce pathological agents that are unique, that exist nowhere in nature; and a number of these have qualities particularly well suited to the activities of a resistance movement. They're portable, inexpen- sive to manufacture and easy to conceal; one man with a test tube in his pocket could wipe out a whole Army base. We would obviously never unleash such agents among the general population. This would only turn public sentiment unalterably against us. But by control- ling virulence and range, we've got a selective death-dealing weapon that could effectively terrorize the opposition.” Mrs, DePugh entered the room to in- form us that dinner would be at six and that she was going home now to bake a blueberry pie—“Bob's favorite dessert.” DePugh tossed her the car keys. With a deepening sense of unreality, I resumed our conversation. “What spe- cific biological agents are the Minutemen currently working on?” “There are fifty or sixty possibilities,” he said, “but we've narrowed our sights down to seven that we feel are particu- larly well suited to guerrilla activity. Pneumonic-plague bacillus is one hell of a killer, but it’s difficult to reduce the plague’s virulence sufficiently to use it on specific targets without infecting the innocent. We've had the most success to date with equine encephalitis virus. We've developed three unique strains of it that we feel hold substantial promise and offer many interesting op- portunities. One strain in particular, developed by a doctor in Oregon, is really a honey.” “When do you plan to put these bio- logical agents to use?” “Certainly not at this stage of the game,” DePugh replied. “We'd only em- ploy C.B.W. when the struggle had reached the final point of armed con- frontation between us and the state. Right now we're essentially still in a premilitary phase, a period where ter- rorism and assassination may play a growing role, but not as in open, all-out struggle. For one thing, the population isn’t ready to support an underground resistance movement yet; the economic and racial situations haven't deteriorated sufficiently. This is the time for the stiletto, not the howitzer. A poison that will kill one key man is more valuable to us now than a pathogen that can neutralize five thousand.” “Are you manufacturing poisons, too?” I asked. “Our medical-research teams have also done exhaustive research in toxicology, and have selected a number of poisons that could be quite productive under the proper circumstances. There's really no such thing as a poison that doesn't leave a trace, you know, but there are poisons that are extremely difficult to detect in the system. Take insulin, which is readily available from any pharmacist and is a natural ingredient of the body. A dose of insulin that would have no effect on a diabetic would kill a healthy human being. But how would an autopsy ever be able to determine that it was murder, since any traces of insulin discovered in the system could just as well belong there naturally? Another dandy poison that’s extreme- ly difficult for a pathologist to detect is succinylcholine. You may remember that this is what the prosecution claimed Dr. Coppolino used to kill his wife, but the murderer messed things up by injecting it all in one place on the visible skin sur- face. If he’d been more cautious and dis- persed it in two or three spots, preferably under the scalp, nobody would have been the wiser, because the likelihood of detect- ing succinylcholine in a routine autopsy is virtually nil” CONTINUED NEXT ISSUE The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 16 To Our Friends, The Black Panthers A Los Companeros de Las Panteras Negras Lima Peru “El Sexto’’ Prison 6/17/69 Dear Friends: The social-political prisoners of El Sexto wish to express to you through this message a firm and warm revolutionary hand clasp. We often receive news about the heroic struggles which the Afro-Ameri- can people, led by the Black Pan- thers, are carrying on in the heart of the imperialist monster that oppresses and exploits us, We think that your struggles, or- fented towards the destruction of the system that oppresses, ex- ploits and discriminates against the noble and brave black people, is essentially the same struggle going on in Asia, Africa and Latin America against the monopolies that plunder our riches and offend the dignity of the people. We believe there is no other road than revolutionary armed struggle to conquer political power for our liberation as well as for yours, As our beloved and unfor- gettable Command Ernesto ‘*Che’’ Guevara said: American imperial- ism is the number one enemy of humanity, and against the violence it unleashes against the people it subjects to .its exploitation, . the people should answer with re- volutionary violence as the heroic people of Vietnam are doing. It is precisely Vietnam with its daily quota of sacrifices that points out the road and shows us that against the decision of a people to be master of its destiny, there is no power capable of terrifying or beating it, All the black com- paneros (friends) who have refused and are refusing to jointhe Ameri- can troops in Vietnam and thereby becoming accomplices of the im- perialist crimes against that noble people, deserve our admiration and warmest praise. Our country is going through a deep crisis, Recently, due to the expropriation of the properties of the imperialist octopus, Interna- tional Petroleum Co.,, by the gov- erning of the military junta, Amer- ican imperialism has applied cer- tain economic sanctions and is threatening to apply even more drastic ones, We are dealing with a@ very particular conjunction, All LATINO of us, as patriots and revolutiona- ries, are willing to help in the defense of national sovereignty and dignity to the last drop of our blood if we are attacked, but we protest to you and to public American opinion in general, the domestic anti people’s and fascist like po- licy of the military junta of the government led by Velazco Al- varado and his coherts, In these past few days, the na- tional university students have un- leashed a militant struggle for the repeal of the Organic Law of the University of Peru which annuls the autonomy and joint government of the students, professors and uni- versity authorities, The brutal re- pression of the student movement has already cost two deaths in the City of Ayacucho, where a curfew has been imposed, Workers dem- onstrations for higher wages and against the firing of union leaders and activists are bloodily re- pressed with bullets, All this makes us reaffirm our decision to continue’ to struggle; whatever the consequences, fol- lowing the example of our heroic martyrs and comrades, Luis de la Puente Uceda, Guillermo Leba- ton, Maximo Velando, Javier He- raud, Luis Zapata Bodere, Ed- garde Telle, Rube Tupayachi, Paul Escobar, Jaime Martinez, Enrique Quintana and many other guerilla fighters, Until victory always, Jose A, Bustos Miguel Turo Luis Codarlupe Torres Clodoaldo Ayunque Ancassi Osvaldo Garcia A. Gerado Benavides Caldas Mario Rodrigues Mesias Omar Benavides Delgado Armando Freire Carlos Pachas Abelardo Collantes Carlos Belanos G. Jorge Nako Alfonso Arata Antonio Meza Bravo Juvenal Zamallea C, / Lima-Peru “E] Sexto’’, 17 de junio de 1969 4 Queridos companeros: Los presos politico-sociales del Sexto, queremoshacerle llegar por intermedio de la presente, un fuer~ te y emocionado abrazo revolu- cionario, Frecuentemente tenemos noticias de las heroicas luchas que el pueblo afro-norteameri- cano, dirigido por las panteras negras, desarrolla en el corazon del monstruo imperialista que nos oprime y explota, Creemos que vuestras luchas, orientadas a la destruccién del sistema que oprime, explota y discrimina a ese noble y valiente pueblo de color, es en esencia la misma lucha que se lleva a cabo en Asia, Africa y America La- tina, contra los monopolios que saquean nuestra riqueza y ofen- den la dignidad de los_ pueblos, Tanto para la liberacién nuestra como la de ustedes, creemos que haya otra solucién que la lu- cha armada revyolu por la conquista del poder ico. El imperialismo norteamericano, co- mo lo dijera» nuestro querido y inolvidable Comandante Ernesto “Che’’ Guevara, es el enemigo numero uno de la humanidad, y a la violencia que despliega contra los pueblos sometidos a su ex- plotacidh, los pueblos deben o- ponerle la violencia revolucii como lo viene haciendo el heroico pueblo vietnamita. Precisamente el Viet Nam con su_cuota diaria de sacrificios, nos senala el camino y nos demuestra que, contra la decisidn de un pue- blo a ser dueno de su destino, no habra fuerza capaz de atemor- izarlo o vencerlo, Todos los com- paneros negros que se han negado y se niegan a incorporarse a las tropas norteamericanas en Viet Nam y hacerse cémplices del erfmen imperialista contra ese noble pueblo, Anerecen toda pues- tra admiracion a los mas dos elogios. 7 Nuestro pais atraviesa por una honda crisis, Recientemente, a raiz de la expropiacién de los PIGS VAMP ON YOUNGEST BROTHER Jose Rios just turned 18, Friends say he stands about 5 foot 5 and weighs around 130 pounds. He has been ill for several weeks, suf- tering from hepatitis. Yet when he went to the hospital he was hand- cuffed and ‘‘escorted’’ by 20 San Francisco pigs. Jose is one of 7 de la Raza, who have been indicted for the murder of Joe Brodnik, an under- cover cop shop with his partner’s gun on May Day. His widow, Mrs. Jessie Brodrik, has been public- ly asking the death penalty for Los Siete. And though no trial has yet been held, the brothers have also been declared guilty by the straight press, Their treatment in jail indicates they are already being punished. Jose recently appeared in court, where it was decided he must stand trial as an adult, eventhough he was only 17 at the time of the alleged murder. ‘‘His eyes were yellow. It was obvious he wasvery sick,’’ says Sue Castro of the de- fense committee, Attorney Charles Garry demanded that Jose’s ill- ness be entered into the record. The judge was reluctant to do it,” says Sue, ‘until Garry talk- ed about a possible epidemic.” The guardian of justice then said Jose must be seen by a doctor. Jose told the court he had been sick and needed medical atten- tion. He said the doctor had seen him before and prescribed asprin «ona t w JOSE RIOS for the illness, For his court appearance Jose was not given his own clothes. Instead he was given some rag- ged clothing and not allowed to have his hair cut. ‘‘They tried to make him look like a bum,’’ says Sue. The judge’s instruction finally got Jose to a hospital on Sunday. Now the defense committee for Los Siete is trying to get pro- per medical care for Nelson Rod- riguez, another brother who is ill “Its a humiliating kind of thing,’’ says Sue. She said the brothers have even been forced to go weeks at a time without showers, Roger Alvarado sees the case of Los Siete as part of a national pattern. “As the Brown movement has become a national effort, the Man has accelerated his attacks on Brown leadership,’’? he says. Alvarado mentioned the ‘‘jive’’ conspiracy charges against Brown leaders in Los Angeles. He also referred to the case of Black Beret leader Sal Candelaria in San Jose. Candelaria’s family was forced to leave town fearing their lives were in danger, Roger said. Candelaria, himself, was commit- ted to Agnew for several days with- out so much as a hearing. At home, *Alioto and Cahill are waging a war against the Brown community,’ said Alvarado “Their street combat force isnow up to 400,’ he said. “They got 150 more pigs for the ‘Paranoid Squad’ and now they even havea second-string for the Tac Squad,’’ Reprinted from Berkeley Barb bienes del pulho imperialista In- ternational Petroleum Company por la Junta Militar de Gobierno, el imperialismo norteamericano ha aplicado ciertas sanciones eco- nomicas y amenaza con aplicar otras mas drasticas. Se trata de una coyuntura muy particular. To- dos nosotros, como patriotas y revolucionarios, estamos dispues- tos a dar en la defensa de la soberania dignidad nacionales, hasta la ultima gota de nuestra sangre si pretende agredirnos, pero, denunciamos ante ustedes y la opinién pfiblica no eri- cana en general, la politica in- terna antipopular y fascistizante de la Junta Militar de Gobierno diri- gida por Velazco Alvarado y sus secuaces. En estos dfas, el estudiantado universitario nacional libra fra- gorosas luchas por la derogatoria -de-la Ley Orgdnica de la Uni- versidad. Peruana que anula la autonomfa y el bierno estu- diantil, La policia ha invadido los recintos universitarios deteniendo y golpeando a alumnos, profesores y autoridades universitarias, La represion brutal del movimiento estudiantil ha cobrado ya dos mue> rtos en la ciudad de Ayacucho, donde se ha impuesto el Toque de Queda, Las manifestaciones obre- ras en pro de aumentos salariales y contra los despidos de dirigentes y activistas sindicales, son repri- midas a sangre y fuego. Todo esto, nos reafirma en la decision de continuar la lucha has- ta las ditimas consecuencias, si- el e. de nuestros heroes y martires, camaradas Luis de Uceda, Guiller- mo Lobatén, 0 Velando, Ja~ vier Heraud, Luis Zapata Bodero, Edgardo Tello, Ruben Tupayachi, Paul Escobar, Jaime Martines, Enrique Amaya Quintana y tantos otros combatientes guerrilleros, Hasta la vi: Presos ria, siempre, iticos del Sexto, La Raza La Raza presents a series of five benefits for the Breakfast for Chil- dren program in the Mission District, Music will be by the Circus, and the Clover, plus there will be satire by the Teatro De La Calle; Latino foods will be on sale. The dates for the dances are; June 27 July 11 August 1 August 8 August 29 They will be held at ; St. Peter’s Hall 1249 Alabama Street (near 24th St.) San Francisco Prices are .75¢ for singles, and $1.25 for couples. All the money goes to feed hungry children, The children are fed every morning at St. Peter’s Hall, 1249 Alabama St., and the Cabaret on Valencia St., between 14th St. and Duboce, All young school-age children are in- vited to participate, The hoursare 7:30 a.m, to 10:00 a.m, The meals are free. The benefits, of course, are open to everyone, to as many people who will come, Thank you, La. Raza Breakfast for Children Program “Black Panther Party BIJON DAVIS SHOT BY BLACK PIG AGENT “Thousands upon thousands of martyrs have heroically laid down their lives for the people; let us hold their banner high and march ahead along the path crimson with their blood’’.---Chairman Mao So was it with Brother Bijon Davis, of Social Action Commit- tee of 20, that was fatally shot Sunday, June 15, 1969, by black pig agents, Brother Bijon was a member of one of the groups that make up the Black United Front, Two other beautiful brothers who also caught bullets from the same agents were Brother James (Gator) Duncan, and Brother Leon Sla- ughter, also members of Social Action Committee of 20. Brother Gator was shot in the back so close to the spinal cord that doctors are not sure as to whether the bullet will be removed or not. Brother Leon is in fair con- dition-after being shot in the sto- mach, Only one person has been ar- rested in connection with the shoot- ing, and four persons were re- portedly firing on the three bro- thers. The pigs do not realize that we are revolutionaries and are ready for his advances, The pigs and their lacky agents do not know that, “This army has an indomitable spirit and is determined to van- quish all enemies and never to yield. No matter what the dif- ficulties and hardships, so long as a single man remains, he will fight on’’, ---Chairman Mao NO MORE OCCUPATION OF OUR COMMUNITY . FREE HUEY Sister Andre Weatherby Communications Secretary Kansas City Chapter “4 Letter From a G.I. Dear Brothers, I am a white G.I, station- ed at Ft. Jackson, I recently read the open letter from a black G.I, I live with this man Pyt, Woodfin, and at present I am pending court martial for distrib- ution of un-official publications with him, And I am_ writing asking you and your people of the black communities of N.Y, to stand by us as we fight these people who try to oppress us in every way they know how, The one thing we need more than anything is more pressure put on the brass and the only people who can do it are on the outside, I myself grew up in Harlem so I know what it is like when people speak of one another being oppressed, We here at Ft. Jackson’s G.I United Front Against the War feel that, itis ridiculous tohavethe workers, who are having their own, problems with democracy rights here in. the U.S. go to Vietnam and fight when they them- selves are not even free, I feel that the black and white working Peoples should join together and resist by all means this killing in Vietnam, even if it means rev- olution. The army has trained me to fight and when I leave this hell I shall fight back as best as I know how. Please give us your full support, Panther Power, Bvt. Kenneth Cross RA 11843754 B-16-4 Ft. Jackson, S.C. 29207 The Dreaded Disease In a country that has the repu- tation of being the richest coun- try in the world, people are star- ving to death, WHY? THE FASCIST POWER STRUC- their rum soaked laws created to deny complete freedom of the op- Pressed people shall fail in its attempts to deny the people their true roll in the present day society, As long as there is a Black Pan- TURE and its running dogs (the ther Party, the Breakfast Propram en Politician’ ) ‘will quickly try to shall be implemented, and after it evade the issue by sayingtheyhave is implemented, the people shall hundreds of programs tohandlethe keep it alive, The avaricious busi- situation. What situation? We are Nessman, the fascist gestapo dogs talking about Hunger, The Poverty the racist Power Pigs and all the Programs that receive uncountable toms and lackeys shall be as a Sums do not benefit the people and ship sinking from the inability to in reality, are a farce, They are escape. Hunger is a nasty word a farce because the monies are -- It cannot be hidden but it can divided into sections to pay staffs be cured. The care packages that that do no work, leavingnothingfor circle the globe should begin at the people. So the people sufferand home. The money that sends a the oppressor states that he is rocket ship to the moon (so they doing his best, Who do you think say) - should be spent in the would possibly be fooled by this Black Community (Indiana) The bulish-t? Mexican American, the Chinese- The Free Breakfast for School American, the poor white and com- Children has been attacked by a munities that we ommited. The bunch of idiots who capitalize off face of hunger cannot be hidden the plight of the oppressed people, with fences like Daley tried to black people in particular. The hide Chicago and failed. issue of using a coloring book as The People demand an end to an excuse toturnthe peopleagainst the lying fascist that deprive them the people’s Vanguard will fail of their rights, They demand an because this same fascist pig that end to racist education, to slum is oinking the loudest is one of the dwellings, to inferior food stuffs Same breed of pig thatenjoysapo- and we welcome the attacks on the sition of wealth and greedsupplied Black Panther Party, for it shows by the blood of the red men: and the péople that we are uncovering neck of the black man, He roman- the oppressor’s game, And, in ticizes this genocide of both races order for him to continue to ex- (red and black), In his history ploit you, he must silence us. books, on his television, in his The Breakfast Program is a star- movie theaters, and he praises his ter, the people’s garden is also murderous genocide in Vietnam, reality. Before itisover, complete But his feathers are ruffled when freedom will be ours, i he is shown as something less ALI POWER TO THE PEOPLE! that the supreme beingheattempts HUEY MUST BE FREE! to portray. The Imperialistic Gov- Campbell, Indiana Chapter ernment and the enforcement of OPEN LETTER Cincinnati, Ohio---Joseph Mulloy and Don Pratt have challenged a decision of the US Court of Ap- peals upholding their sentences for draft refusal. They have asked all eight judges of the Sixth U.S. Judicial Circuit to review their cases and reverse the decision by a three-judge panel of the court. The three judges affirmed five- year prison terms given the young men by Judge James F, Gordon in U.S. District Court at Louis- ville, Ky., in April, 1968, The judges did say that the sen- tences appear to be “‘severe,’’ and added that Judge Gordon will have an opportunity to consider reduc- tion under the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure. However, Robert A, Sedler of Lexington, attorney for Pratt and Mulloy, says that anything short of complete freedom for the young men will be a travesty on the A- merican system of justice, Sedler declares that the three judges erred in not upholding Mul- loy’s claim that he is a conscien- tious objector. He contends that this raises grave constitutional questions which need to be decided in favor of Mulloy and others who think as he does, Mulloy is an organizer for the Southern Conference Educational Fund (SCEF), which has its head- quarters in Louisville but works all over the South to end racial injustice, poverty, and war. Mulloy and his wife Karen were organizing in the mountains of West Virginia and Eastern Ken- tucky, helping people in those areas to fight injustice. Mulloy was registered with Draft Board 47 in Louisville, the same one that refused to defer Cassius The Black Panther Saturday,’ Saturday, July 12, 1969 Pagel? ' News From SCEF Clay as a Muslim minister, Mul- loy was first declared eligible for military service about the time that he helped the people in Pike Coun- ty, Kentucky, to organize against strip mining of their land. His final induction notice was de- layed while he and four other SCEF workers fought sedition charges brought against them in Pike Coun- ty. Their attorneys contended that coal operators were behind the se- dition charges and Mulloy’ s classi- fication as 1-A, District Judge Gordon and the three appellate judges held that Mulloy didn’t ask for deferment as a conscientious objector until he “realized that the platoon ser- geant was about to blow the whis- tle.” Sedler notes in his petition for rehearing that even menalready in Military service have a right to discharge as conscientious ob- jectors. At Mulloy’s trial, the clerk ofthe draft board testified that nobody had been classified as a conscien- tious objector in the 17 years she had been with the board. The board covers the West End of Lousville, made up of mostly lower-income black and white people. It has 13, 000 registrants, In Pratt’s case, Sedler contends that the three judges erred in not considering his objection to war on the basis of the judgement at Nu- remberg in ihe case of Nazi war criminals, “This nation has not hesitated to judge the legality of a war waged by others,’ Sedler declared in his petition,“‘A new era in interna- tional relations, recognizing the responsibility of individuals for violations of international law, was supposedly ushered in at Nurem- berg. ‘But instead of upholding the rule of law ininternational affairs, instead of judging whether this country rather than a vanquished foe has violated international law, our courts have resorted to ’ju- dicial sleight of hand’ and have shirked their responsibility, “Tf the executive is waging an illegal war in Vietnam, the courts by refusing to declare its illegal- ity have become accomplices to the violation of international law, “Those young men who believe that the war in Vietnam is illegal and who refuse induction on that ground must go to prison without €ver having had a court pass on their contention,”* Mulloy issued a statement in which he said: ‘‘The court had declared that I have political be- liefs in sustaining my conviction. Indeed I do! And I will not abandon these beliefs to fit their needle’s eye definitions and categories in order to qualify for C.O status, “My mind does not categorize its values and action under hea- dings of philosophy, sociology, po- litics, religion, etc. My actions are an attempt to live by a universal system of values combining all of these fields and derived from all my knowledge and experience, “*My sojourn in prison will be the result of the courts’ and the draft boards’ inability to grasp or accept the desire of men like myself to make consistency of values combining all of these fields values part of American life.’’ Mulloy, a native of Louisville, has been living in Prestonsburg, Ky. Pratt lives in Lexington, Ky. Both are free under bond pending the final outcome of their appeals. SWP Protests Harassment The Bay Area Socialist Workers Party yesterday protested what it called ‘tthe campaign of har- assment, frame-ups and smear tactics that is being directed a- gainst the Black Panther Party on a national scale.’’ ‘In the past two months we have seen the witch-hunt hearings of the Senate Permanent Subcommit- tee on Investigations; an investi- gation of Bay Area Black Panther leaders by a federal grand jury; the indictment of twenty-one New York Black Panthers on phony conspiracy charges; the arrest of the entire leadership of the New Haven, Connecticut, Black Panther Party branch; the raids on the T0 CHAIRMAN BOBBY SEALE In these frustrating times when our leaders are being jailed and murdered, a lot of the wieght of the Black Panther Party is falling on you. The Panthers in particular are seeing their most difficult days and they are looking towards you for “immediate’’ leadership or de- cision making. The Panthers have always held themselves re- sponsible to the people therefore ~ the people should in turn hold themselves responsible to the Pan- thers and abide and believe in your word, They should know by now after all the sacrifices that have been made that you wouldn't lead them astray, No matter how difficult the road seems or how many obstacles stand in your way, you must continue until the 10 points of the Party platform are carried out. When things get their roughest, and times their hardest it can only mean one thing, we’re closer than ever to complete realization of our id- eology, With you as one of the guiding forces in the difficult days of the revolution we’ll be there to see it, A Panther Moral to all the Black Panthers; ‘‘Wear your Black beret proudly in the difficult days ahead’, Your sincere Brother to the end, Kioma Hines (Friend of the Black Panther Party in Philadelphia) of Panthers Panther headquarters inSanFran- cisco, Sacramento and Chicago; the frame-up of three Panthers on murder charges in Santa Ana; and the bombing of the Panther head- quarters in Des Moines, Iowa, Ar- rested Panthers are being held on mammoth sums of bail. “Newspapers all over the coun- try have been carrying front-page stories and picturing the Panthers as a band of terrorists, crooks and conspirators. This serves to prepare public opinion for the des- truction of the Black Panther Par- ty. “The Socialist Workers Par- ty supports the right of black peo- ple to form political parties to re- Remember Brothe present their interests and sup- ports unconditionally the right of oppressed people to defend them- selves by any means necessary; We condemn this outrageous cam- paign by the racist rulers of A- merica to turn the criminal into the victim and the victim into the criminal’? “We pledge full solidarity with the Black Panther Party against these attacks and call upon every- one who supports the right of a black political party to exist with- out harassment from the fascist power structure to join in the de- fense of the Black Panther Par- ty.” Malcolin The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 18 NATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR A UNITED FRONT AGAINST ,, FASCISM |, OAKLAND CALIFORNIA. JULY 18, 19, 20, FASCISM THE POWER OF FINANCE CAPITAL ITSELF THIS CONFERENCE FOR A UNITED FRONT AGAINST FASC... tS CALLED BY THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY, THE FREEDOM OF ALL POLITICAL PRISONERS AND POLITICAL FREEDOM FOR ALL PROLETARIAN TYPE ORGANIZATIONS, THE FREEDOM AND POLITICAL WORK OF ALL STUDENTS, FARMERS, WORKERS, AND THE LUMPEN MUST BE DEVELOPED INTO A NATIONAL FORCE, A FRONT\ WHICH ANSWERS THE BASIC DESIRES AND NEEDS OF ALL PEOPLE IN FASCIST, CAPITALISTIC, RACIST AMERICA, PRIMARY OBJECTIVE WILL BE COMMUNITY CONTROL OF POLICE TO END FASCISM, IN OAKLAND CALIFORNIA, JULY 18, 19, 20 & 21st REPRESENTATIVES FROM AROUND THE COUN- TIES OF ALL ORGANIZATIONS REPRESENTING THE PEOPLE, SOME 5,000 OR MORE REPRESEN-~ TATIVES WILL DEVELOP A UNITED FRONT AGAINST FASCISM. HEADQUARTERS BLACK PAN- THER PARTY OFFICE, 3106 SHATTUCK AVE., BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA, 845-0103°OR"845-0104, POWER TO THE PEOPLE PANTHER POWER TO THE VANGUARD The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 19 REGISTRATION FORM: For REPRESENTATIVES OR INDIVIDUALS FOR THE COMING SUMMER IN OAKLAND OF THE NATIONAL REVOLUTIONARY CONFERENCE FOR-A UNITED FRONT AGAINST FASCISM 8 NATIONAL CONFERENCE FoR A UNITED FRONT AGAINST FASCISM IN AMERICA OAKLAND, CALIF. JULY 18rx, 19TH, 20TH, FRI. SAT. SUN. * erm a po ee + DONATION REGISTRATION FEES TO ATTEND CONFERENCE ADVANCE REGISTRATION POSTMARK MIDNIGHT SAT. JULY I2ri.........0--+ Ot. 54.00 Bettas (BB RecisTRATION FEE AFTER 12 asm., SAT., JULY 12rm __ + — $6.00 nottars a en en “+ UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTIFIED OF CHANGE MBB cHEck IN CENTER IS THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY NATIONAL HEADGUARTERS " 3106 SHATTUCK AVENUE, BERKELEY, CALIF. 94705 PH. @15) 845 0103,'845 0104 | CHECK IN TIME STARTS JULY 17rn , THURSDAY, 9:00a.m. THROUGH FRIDAY, 5:00e.m.. CONFERENCE STARTS FRIDAY EVENING, JULY 18ru AT 7:00 p.m. SHARP. a WE SUGGEST TO ALL. PEOPLE. REPRESENTATIVES AND PARTIES OF ORGANIZATIONS TO TRY AND ARRIVE EARLY AS POSSIBLE, STARTING THRUSDAY MORNING JU_Y 17rn 9200a.m. SO ALL PEOPLE CAN BE PROPERLY ASSISTED IN GETTING HOUSING, AND OTHER NECESSARY INFORMATION THAT MANY THOUSANDS WILL NEED ‘TO KNOW FOR THE DURATION OF THE CONFERENCE. ecECTION REMEMBER REGISTRATION NQ, . RETAIN TH CUT ME ed Hoo PD = — = =e ww oer ee eee ee ee ee ee eee ee eee ees oe a CUT ALONG HERE __)\ MAIL THIS SECTION OF REGISTRATION PLEASE CHECK WITH $4.00 DOLLAR MONEY ORDER TO B.P.P. ALL RELEVENT U.F.A.F. CONFERENCE HEDQS, 3106 SHATTUCK AVE SQUARES BERKELEY ,CALIF., 94705 BE Enclosed is registration donation fee plus a donation $ - - | | AMERICA = = aaa [J 1 will NOT need housing arrangements. HOUSING =»? ; me I WILL need housing arrangements. 4 Other members of my organization will also attend. How many? Pe] Enclosed is my advance $4.00 Dollar registration donation fee. I enclose $ .____ to help with the cost of the conference for a UNITED a FRONT ..AGAINST FASCISM . Please send registration blanks, for other people in my organization. Send publicity materials etc. so that I may aid the conference by duplicating and distributing leaflets, posters, bumper stickers etc. CONFERENCE 2=- i a E REGISTRATION NO. ee HOOD PLEASE PRINT STREET ADDRESS CITY- STATE HOME NON PHONE ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION PLEASE PRINT ADDRESS MAIL THIS REG. FORM B.P.P. U.F.A.F. CONFERENCE Hdqtrs WITH REG, DONATION FEE T0 3106 SHATTUCK AVE. BERKELEY, CALIF. 94705 OF $4.00 (PLease seEND MONEY ORDER) The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 20 WHAT WE WANT 1. We want freedom. We want power to determine the destiny of our Black Community. 6. LAW AND ORDER LAW AND ORDER LAw AND ORDER 7. We want an immediate end to POLICE BRUTALITY and MURDER of black people. 38 ay ap SU iy a ine ve 3. We want an end to the robbery by the capital- 4 % ih = ) ist of our Black Community. = ies 8. We want freedom for all black men held in federal, state, county and city prisons and jails. WE FIND Nor | BROTHER, NOT | Oe eae ey re a 4. We want decent housing, fit for shelter of human beings. WAS A D NIGGER BE LIKE\\Tom cS 9. We want all black people when brought to trial to be tried in court by a jury of their peer group or people from their black communities, as defined by the Constitution of the United States. 10. We want land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice and peace. And as our major political objective, a United Nations-supervised plebiscite to be held throu- ghout the black colony in which only black colonial sub- = jects will be allowed to participate, for the purpose of woe tke catace of REV eenbeet Mtn et determining the will of black people as to their nation- We want education that teaches us our true history al destiny. and our role in the present-day society. The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 21 October 1966 Black Panther Party Platform and Program What We Want What We Believe Minister of Defense, Black Panther Party 1. We want freedom. We want power to determine the destiny of our Black Community: We believe that black people will not be free until we are ableto deter- mine our destiny. 2. We want full employment for our people. We believe that .the federal government is responsible and obligated to give every man employment or a guaranteed income. We believe that if the white American businessmen will not give full employment, then the means of production should be taken from the businessmen and placed in the community so that the people of the community can organize and em- ploy all of its people and give a high standard of living. 3. We want an end to the robbery by the CAPITALIST of our Black Community. We believe that this racist government has robbed us and now we are demanding the overdue debt of- forty acres and two mules. Forty acres and two mules was promised 100 years ago as restitution for slave labor and mass murder of black people. We will accept the payment in currency which will be distributed to our many communities. The Germans are now aiding the Jews in Israel for the genocide of the Jewish people. The Ger- mans murdered six million Jews. The American racist has taken part in the slaughter of over fifty million black people; therefore, we feel that this is a modest demand that we make. 4. We want decent housing, fit for shelter of human beings. We believe that if the white landlords will not give decent housing to our black community, then the housing and the land should be made into cooperatives so that our community, with government aid, can build and make decent housing for its people. _ 5. We want education for our people that exposes the true nature of this decadent American society. We want education that teaches us our true history and our role in the present-day society. We believe in an educational system that will give to our people a knowl- edge of self. If a man does not have knowledge of himself and his position in society and the world, then he has little chance to relate to anything else. 6. We want all black men to be exempt from military service. We believe that Black people should not be forced to fight in the mili- tary service to defend a racist government that does not protect us. We will not fight and kill other people of color in the world who, like black people, are being victimized by the white racist government of America. We will protect ourselves from the force and violence of the racist police and the racist military, by whatever means necessary. 7. We want an immediate end to POLICE BRUTALITY and MURDER of black people. We believe we can end police brutality in our black community by or- ganizing black self-defense groups that are dedicated to defending our black community from racist police oppression and brutality. The Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States gives a right to bear arms. We therefore believe that all black people should arm themselves for self-defense. ‘ ———"8! We want freedom for all black men held in federal, state, county and city prisons and jails. We believe that all black people should be released from the many jails and prisons because they have not received:a fair and impartial trial. 9. We want all black people when brought to trial to be tried in court by a jury of their peer group or people from their black communities, as defined by the Constitution of the United States. We believe that the courts should follow the United States Constitution so that black people will receive fair trials. The 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution gives a man a right to be tried by his peer group. A peer is a person from a similar economic, social, religious, geographical, en- vironmental, historical and racial background. To do this the court will be forced to select a jury from the black community from which the black defendant came. We have been, and are being tried by all-white juries that have no understanding of the “average reasoning man”’ of the black community. 10. We want land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice and peace. And as our major political objective, a United Nations-supervised plebis- cite to be held throughout the black colony in which only black colonial subjects will be allowed to participate, for the purpose of determining the will of black people as to their national destiny. When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume, among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and naturg’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That, to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that, whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new government, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Pru- dence, indeed, will dictate that governments long estal » ued should not be changed for light and transient causes; and, accordingly, all experience hath shown, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to. which they are accustomed. But, when a long train of abuses and unsurpations, pur- suing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them under ab- solute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such govern- ment,‘and to provide new guards for their future security. PRISONER IS INJECTED FORCEFULLY IN THE | DEBT TO SOCIETY IVERSUS SOCIETY'S DEBT TO. TO NATIONAL AND STATE POL- “IT IS ONLY A MAT- y TER OF TIME UNTIL THE QUESTION OF PRISONER’S THE ITICS, INTO THE CIVIL AND HUMAN RIGHTS STRUGGLE, AND INTO THE CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE BODY POLITIC. IT IS AN EXPLOSIVE ISSUE WHICH GOES TO THE VERY ROOT OF AMERICA’S SYSTEM OF JUSTICE, THE STRUCTURE OF CRIMINAL LAW, THE PREVAILING BELIEFS AND ATTITUDES TOWARD A CONVICTED FELON.” (SOUL ON ICE P.59) ° Eldridge Cleaver made the decision to politically exile himself November 27th, on the basis that the Adult Authority made an outlaw deci- ies and that he has been denied his constitutional right to due process of aw. - The revocation of Cleaver’s parole wes illegal. because no parole violation was committed. The Adult Authority parole board has Wied to maintain that Cleaver violated his parole by having a rifle in his possession, and by associating with individuals of bad reputation. This contention, we will show, is false. The Adult Authority version contradicts the Superior Court order itself: «|. . Cleaver’s only handling of a firearm (the rifle) was in obedience. to a police command. He did not handle a hand gun at all. There was noth- ing one way or the other to show a conspiracy or a situation for the personal struggle but a political one. application of the doctrine of aiding and abetting. Hence, 0 sallis Sipprores——s20 re ee . ‘Julian Mayfield WRIT! . ed either the possession of a firearm or the assault charge. - ~ As to the charge of association with individuals of bad reputation, the ° report indicated that two or three of those named had “police records,” but nothing to show whether any had been convicted of anything, or whether Cleaver knew of their arrest record.” (Superior Court c.t. 137, 138, 140, 141.) Parolee Cleaver was denied due process of law by being denied opportunity to present his case. Why was Cleaver returned to prison as a parole violator if document- ed evidence to the contrary had been presented in his defense? To answer that question, one must examine the Adult Authority. This board has the right to arbitrarily revoke or suspend parole on any individual. At the same time, the Adult Authority maintains—falsely—that Cleaver has the oppor- tunity to defend himself at a hearing. This is how it works: “4 parolee is sérved with violation charges, is interviewed, is given a hearing (before the Adult Authority itself, the charging party) at which the parolee may’ ‘plead’ to the parole violation charges, and is: afforded an op- portunity to present his defense.” “At the ‘hearing’ a parolee is denied the right to counsel, may not have an independent and impartial officer to conduct the hearing and make decision.” (Petition for Hearing in the Supreme Court, p: 17) Not only does the Adult Authority hold secret hearings, but it also refuses to notify persons under its jurisdiction of its procedures, or of ‘its variable definitions of what constitutes a parole violation. This secrecy and vagueness is in direct violation of federal law which requires agencies to publish their procedures “for guidance of the public.” “Petitioner (Cleaver) is immediately and seriously prejudiced by the Adult Authority’s unlawful refusal to publish its regulations, since he is to be imprisoned by virtue of an action which the Adult Authority still seeks to garb in this ‘veil of secrecy.’ (Petition for Hearing in the Supreme Court, p. 12) Yes, the Adult Authority acted unjustly and illegally. Its decision was an outlaw decision. Cleaver had no chance of obtaining “justice” from these Star Chainber proceedings. Why then wouldn't the U.S. Supreme Court hear Cleaver’s case? There ure, we believe, three reasons why the case wasn’t accepted. The first is that any fair minded court would obvious- ly have released Cleaver, thereby setting a precedent. The second is that thousands of cases of alleged parole violation from all over California and other states would be subject to reversal. Thirdly, the illegal functioning of the Adult Authority would come under attack, The U.S. Supreme Court just couldn’t afford to consider the Cleaver case during this turbulent period. Eldridge Cleaver is a victim of naked, shameless political persecu- tion. As Judge Sherwin puts it: ... The uncontradicted evidence presented to this court indicated that the petitioner had been a model! parolee. The peril-to“his parole status stemmed from no failure of personal rehabilitation, but from his undue elo- quence in pursuing political goals, goals which were offensive to many of SOUL ON ICE? his contemporaries. Not only was there absence of cause for the cancella- tion of parole, it was the product of a type of pressure unbecoming, to say the least, to the law enforcement paraphernalia of this state.” Cleaver is in political exile.because a man of his convictions cannot get justice here. leed, if we are to give more than lip service to the con- ore of freedom and justice we must support him, work to get him . parole must continue. An intense publicity campaign is necessary now to bring to the public the legal defense and arguments which were carried to the courts with no satisfaction. We must all work together to focus attention of this case. This is not an issue of one man’s freedom, but a broad struggle which affirms the of all of us to speak out politically in this country. If Cleaver is not allowed his freedom, it is just a matter of time until all our freedoms are further reduced. His is not a Stet Bertrand Russell James Baldwin Murray Kempton Allen Ginsberg Herbert Gold Kay Boyle * Oscar Lewis . Terry Southern Norman Mailer LeRoi Jones Lawrence Ferlinghetti Andrew Kopkind Dwight MacDonald Donald Duncan Barbara Garson Maxwell Geismar John Gerassi John Gunther Paul Jacobs Jessica Mitfor d Richard Gilman Julius Lester Robert Crichton D.W. Dupee Edgar Friedenberg Marcus Raskin W.H. Ferry Jack Newfield Nat Henthoff Susan Sontag Robert Lowell Jane Jacobs Hortense Calisher Harvey O'Connor Truman Nelson Charles V. Hamilton Stanley Kunitz Stanley Kaufman Emile Capouya na dc. Gamez Arthur Waskow Carlos Monsivais George Hitchcock Tillie Olsen Jean Paul Sartre ~ Mrs. Richard Wright Christiane Rochefort Julia Wright Herve Daniel Guerin Yves Loyer Gerard Chaliand Mourad Bourboune J. Semprun Juliette Minces David Welsh THEATRE, FILMS, ARTS Godfrey Cambridge ~ Jules Feiffer Ossie Davis Malvina Reynolds Ruby Dee Shirley Clarke Saul Landau Ed Bullins Gil Turner Open Theatre Elsa Knight Thompson John Carpenter Robert Brustein Richard Schechner Saul Gottlieb Delphine Seyrig Roger Pic Dugald Stermer R.G, Davis LABOR Jim Lennon Sidney Lens PROFESSORS Ashley Montag Conor Cruise O'Brien Douglas F. Doud D.F, Fleming ip C. Wade Savage Donald Kalish Howard S. Becker Maurice Zeitlin Sroney a Peck Noam Chamsky Richard Lichtman J.B. Neilands * Montgom ry Furth William Lindner Stephen Smale Donald B. McLeod Cyril Epstein Roger Dittmann A.K. Bierman O, Revault d'Allonnes Madeleine Riberioux Laurent Schwartz A. Soboul Staughton L ynd MUSIC David Amram POLITICS Floyd McKissick James Forman ‘ulian Bond Tom Hayden Maria Jolas Denis Berger Joby Fanon Mrs, Betty Shabazz lokely Carmichael ATTORNEY’ Harr Nier Len Holt Mal Burnstein Paul Halvortik Sherwin A. Shayne Eugene Deikman M. Lafue-Veon M.R. Piasson Stibbe Gisele Halimi John Thorne PHYSICIANS O scar Rambo, M.D, Philip Shapiro, M.D. Carlton Goodlett, M.D. Robert E. Greenberg, M.D. EDITORS Angus Cameron Irving Beinin Arthur Wang Aar on Asher Joe Fox Richard Huett J.R. Talbo Marilynn Meeker Leo Huberm In Carey McWilliams Robert Silvers John J. Simon Theodore Solotaroff POLITICAL PRISONER HUEY NEWTON INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE TO DEFEND ELDRIDGE CLEAVER I would like to,join the efforts of all those who are working to defend El- dridge Cleaver from political persecution. Please add my name to the list of sponsors of the International Committee to Defend Eldridge Cleaver. I enclose Name Address City Ss Profession —_________ to assist the legal expenses and the Committee’s campaign to publicize and promote Eldridge Cleaver’s defense. 3 —__-_____.. Organization or Title State Date Zip ICDEC, 495 Beach Street, San Francisco, Calif. 94133 Robe:t Scheer, Director * ! I 1 I I | i | 1 I | | : I can volunteer some time to help the Committee ! I 1 | | | | j | { I 1 i ' taal al (PSSe2221SUBSCRIPTION FORM SS eee Support Your Newspaper-- subscribe Today! s i h : National Foreign ; Enter my subscription for (check box) Subscriptions Subscriptions 3 MONTHS: (13 ISSUES)............ OO $2.50 Oo $3.00 6 MONTHS: (26 ISSUES) ............ OO $5.00 O $6.00 ONE YEAR: (52 ISSUES)............0 $7.50 O $9.00 (please print) NAME —— 4 = ADDRESS __ = ui 2 ol — a sir an STATE/ZiIP # —__ COUNTRY _— = PLEASE MAIL CHECK MINISTRY OF INFORMATION, BLACK PANTHER PARTY, ORMONEY ORDERTO: —-Box 2967, Custom House, San Francisco, CA 94126 Pa ee ee ty OMN NEWS SERVICE PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY EDITORIAL STAFF CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF OF THE THE BLACK PANTHER BLACK PANTHER PARTY Political Prisoner: Minister of Defense HUEY NEWTON Minister of Defense HUEY P. NEWTON Chairman BOBBY SEALE Chairman BOBBY SEALE Editor Minister of Information ELDRIDGE CLEAVER Minister of Information ELDRIDGE CLEAVER . Chief of Staff Managing Editor DAVID HILUARD Deputy Minister of Information. BIG MAN Field Marshals UNDERGROUND Revolutionary Artist and Lay-out Minister of Culture EMORY DOUGLAS Production Manager JOHN SEALE Minister of Education Ray ‘Masai’ Hewitt Minister of Finance “Minister of Foreign Affairs "Minister of Justice Co-Editors Prime Minister Communications Secretary KATHLEEN CLEAVER Distribution Manager ANDREW AUSTIN Minister of Culture EMORY DOUGLAS Circulation SAM NAPIER ” The editorial and production cost of THE BLACK PANTHER News- paper have increased considerably. We would like to continue increasing weekly circulation and our national and interna- tional news coverage. To do this we need your aid. Please send us news items, general information, and contributions. Help us distrihute and get mew subscriptions to The Black Panther " pewspaper. Submit to: . BLACK PANTHER NEWSPAPER 3106 SHATTUCK AVE. BERKELEY, CALIF. The Black Panther Saturday, July 12, 1969 Page 23 RULES OF THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY CENTRAL HEADQUARTERS OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA... - Every member of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY throughout this country of racist America must abide by these rules as functional mem- bers of this party. C AL COMMI E members, CENTRAL STAFFS, and LOCAL STAFFS, including all captains subordinate to either national, state, and local leadership of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY will enforce these rules. Length of suspension or other dis- ciplinary action necessary for violation of these rules will depend on national decisions by national, state or state area, and local committees and staffs where said rule or rules of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY WERE VIOLATED. Every member of the party must know these verbatum by heart. And apply them daily. Each member must report any violation of these rules to their leadership or they are counter-revolutionary and are also subjected to suspension by the BLACK PANTHER PARTY. THE RULES ARE: 1. No party member can have narcotics or weed in his possession while doing party work. 2. Any party member found shooting narcotics will be expelled from this party. 3. No party member can be DRUNK while doing daily party work. 4. No party member will violate rules relating to office work, general meetings of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY, and meetings of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY ANYWHERE. 5..No party member will USE, POINT, or FIRE a weapon of any kind unnecessarily or accidentally at anyone. 6. No party member can join any other army force other than the BLACK LIBERATION ARMY.- ‘ 7. No party member can have a weapon in his possession while DRUNK or loaded off narcotics or weed. 8. No party member will commit any crimes against other party members or BLACK people at all, and cannot steal or take from the people, not even a needle or a piece of thread. 9. When arrested BLACK PANTHER MEMBERS will give only name, address, and will sign nothing. Legal first aid must be understood by all Party members. 10. The Ten Point Program and platform of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY must be known and understood by each Party member. 11. Party Communications must be National and Local. 12. The 10-10-10-program should be known by all members and also understood by all members. 13. All Fingnceofiies Operate under the jurisdiction of the 14, Each person will submit a report of daily work. 15. Each Sub-Section Leader Section Leader, Captain must submit Daily reports of work. 16. All Panthers must learn to operate and service weapons correctly. 17, All Leadership personnel who expel a member must submit this information to the Editor of the Newspaper, so that it will be published in the paper and will be known by all chapters and branches. 18. Political Education Classes are mandatory for general member- ship. 19. Only office personnel assigned to respective offices each day should be there. All others are to sell papers and do Political work out in the community, including Captains, Section Leaders; etc. 20. COMMUNICATIONS — all chapters must submit weekly re- ports in writing to the National Headquarters. 21. All Branches must implement First Aid and/or Medical Cadres. 22. All Chapters, Branches, and components of the BLACK PAN- THER PARTY must submit a monthly ncial Report to the Minis- try of Fi ce, and also the Central Committee. 23. Everyone a leadership position must read no less than two hours per day to keep abreast of the changing political situation. 24, No chapter or branch shall accept grants, poverty funds, money or any other aid from any government agency without contacting the National Headquarters. Lieutenant, and 25. All chapi must adhere to the policy and the ideology laid down by the CENTRAL COMMITTEE ‘of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY. 26. All Branches must submit weekly reports in writing to their re- spective Chapters. 8 POINTS OF ATTENTION 1) Speak politely. 2) Pay fairly for what you buy. 3) Returh everything you borrow. 4) Pay for anything you damage. 5) Do not hit or swear at people. 6) Do not damage property or crops of the poorgoppressed, masses. 7) Do not take liberties with women, 8) If we ever have to take captives do not ilFtreat them. 3 MAIN RULES OF DISCIPLINE 1) Obey orders in all your actions. 2) Do not take a single needle or a piece of thread from the poor and oppressed masses. 3) Turn in everything captured from the attacking enemy.- AVNS P18 ag