Vol. 3, No. 21

: ue oe ied a very rough month Alloto Fascist Mayor been working to mn his Anti-Panther coalf- ith Sam Yorty; the Ambitious Mayor of Los Angeles, Pig Alloto’s anti-Panther links with -Yorty’ have been growing so until tt reached the point that he was ble to put in an appearance at ie Happy Darkies (WattsSummer) Festival, Alioto has always voiced his love and understanding of Militants’, and he put it into practice as he mixed with some of Watts ‘Blackest Militants’’, _ The fact that Alfoto, Yorty and Ron Karenga all see the Black Panther Party as a threat to their “status quo’ is a very strong unifying cause, The Fascist Italian gangster, the Bootlicking Black - Militant, and the All-American _ Anglo are fevershly conspiring to destroy the Black Panther Party, This gruesome three are not by any means the perpetrators of the _ nation-wide repression and perse- cution inflicted on the Black Panther Party. ‘Tricky Dick Nixon’’, “Pig Queeny Hoover’, and ‘‘Rin-Tin-Reagan'' will not be easily usurped no matter how ambitious the lesser Fascist may be. By » THE BLUFF | A good indication of how big pigs (like Governor Reagan) keep iittle pigs (like Alloto) in line fs the recent tussle over ‘Gun - Jaws’? (not pros and cons but Sertadictien), Although big pig Reagan is the Governor of the State of California and little pig Alloto’s turf is limited tothe San Francisco Bay Area, Alioto acted as ifhe was to tell the Governor what he 4 dowith Nis gun law, and just 7 to jam it. It is the opinion of most people that pig-to-pig the Little Mafioso can kick the hell (ECGER= VES CHEERS, “LOOK out of the big movie star, but luckjly no-one had placed any bets because the next day all would learn why the little Italian Swine was act- ing in such an unruly manner to- ward his senior pigs, ‘ THE SACRAFICE Some one upstairs in the hi- erarchy had put some ‘‘Italian Ham" on the political chopping block. A soon to be published Look Magazine Article linking ‘‘legit’’ Alloto with some not-so-‘‘legit’’ mafioso pigs, had been ‘‘leaked"' to newspapers throughout the State by Governor Rin-Tin-Reagan, This blew all the quiet-but-frantic work that the little Italian pig maker had been doing underground to block or alter the Look articles publication. Like all die-hards Alioto’s Response was ‘‘Fight to the finish’’, ‘If I should decide to become a candidate for any other office 1 shall insist that the full backgrounds of all the candidates become an issue In the election.’’ Alloto’s mafloso cat was com- pletely out of the bag by now, so the only thing left was to mention the obvious, put some of the heat on his fellow pig politicians, and deny everything, The revelations first made by the Black Panther Party's Minister of Information, Eldridge Cleaver have been verified by part-truths from the Swines own shoot, Alioto’s first T,V_ claim that the authors of the article had never interviewed him was contradicted by a two-hour taped interview made public later by his own staff acting presumably, on his understandably confused orders. BIRDS OF A FEATHER Of the many mafia figuresasked about fn the interview Aliote hed tnis to say: Frank — Bump) a is) n Diego ‘Never heardo m THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 13, 1969 PAGE 5 ” ATTACKS - ALIOTO INKS oinked Alioto Frank ae of Chicago “Never heard of him'’ oinked Alioto. Salvatore Marino and his son Angelo Barino, Operators of allfornia Cheese Company in San Jose, California. Alloto oinked that an attorney in his law firm office had obtained a small business loan for the company and that he had re- presented Angelo in an income tax case, (Angelo beat thé case because of wiretap evidence) When asked if he knew anything of the Marino family’s activities in Pennsylvania prior to their coming to San Jose Alioto squealed weakly ‘‘There was a brother-in- law who was involved in some kind of illegal area in Pennsylvania, but so long as I have known them, the San Jose people, they have worked hard to build up their business'’. "our office represented them and still does'’’, He added that he ‘thought’ Salvatore and Joe Marino re) had contribu ' tion campaighn, 5 elec~ The late Emilio (Gamba) Geirgetti, at one time San Mateo’s biggest gambler ‘‘When I met him he was engaged in no illegal activities’’ - Alioto, James Lanza - a Mafia Don (Head of a Malia Family’) “My dad knew him when | worked as a boy in my father’s fish market'’. Jimmie (The Weasel) Fratianno a West Coast Mafia “enforcer When asked about a loan to the ow Y from the First San Francisco Bank of which Alloto was one of the founders, and Chairman of the Board, Alioto oinked that he didn’t know him (the Weasel) and had never heard o ™m until Jack Goldberg (an international organtzer for the Teamsters Union) brought him to see him about a loan, ‘Eratlanno got a loan based on collateral’’, It is no wonder that Alloto gets along better with a small time crook like Sam Yorty, and a hired killer like Ron Karenga, If Alioto can make his way back down tothe Farm Team in one plece then most people will be surprised, Alioto liberally quoted pig Chief Cahill to note the fact that ‘There is no MAFIOSO organized crime in San Francisco’ (The ‘‘Life’’ account of the San Francisco pig department was still ringing in Chief Cahill's fat red ears.) The organized crime revealed in the Berkeley Pig Plot to attack the National Headquarters ALITO of the Black Panther Party was not mentioned, The fact that two ex- Berkeley pigs pleaded guilty to shooting up our National Head- quarters a year ago and have made a deal with the Fascist courts was also ignored, The two pigs Richard Williams 29, and Robert Farrell 27, have been at liberty on $3,000 bail each. while Panthers are held for $100,000 ransoms all across the country, It seems that all that’s necessary for under- Standing from the courts {ts to confess to being a Fascist, THE LAST STAND Mussolini Alioto ts denying everything, filing suit ($12.5 mil- lion) against Look Magazine, and not about to give up his Fascist ways or his‘*Blue-Shirt’' “Storm- Trooper’, Tac-squad, “Rin-Tin-° Reagan" (the movie star) has defi- nately put the ‘Little Itallan Ham"’ back in his place, Alloto will either learn some bootlicking techniques from “his ace-oon-militant Karenga or be disciplined further by ‘Miss Ronnie." Our money is on ‘‘SweetRonnie "this time, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE! wr THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 13, 1%9 PAGE 6 “ON REVOLUTIONARY CULTURE ” oS MINISTER OF CULTURE EMORY DOUGLAS ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE We, Black people In Babylon, are fighting for liberation from po- litical domination at the hands of the oppressor, from economic ex- ploitation, and from a Social system that degrades us as men and women, Out of this strug- gle comes a new way of life based on the politics of the people's struggle, This new way of life fs a struggie for change, a re- volutionary struggle involving the masses of people, Just asthe lb- eration struggle brings about new politics, it also brings about anew culture, a revolutionary culture, Born out of the people's desire for change from a corrupt sys- tem to a system that serves the people, a system that fs free from exploitation of man by man, and meets the desires and needs ofthe masses of people. The old culture is a culture based on exploitation and com- petition whereas revolutionary culture is based on cooperation, “Breakfast for Children, Free Health Clinics, and “Liberation Schools;’ are just some of the pro- grams implemented that are part of the revolutionary culture, These cultural programs will be carried out throughout the liberation strug- gle because our children have gone hungry and without proper medi- cal care besides being given mis- information in school for too long at the hands of this oppressive system, Through the new culture, our children receive the nutrients that are needed to develop physi- cally and mentally, so they can sur- vive this corrupt system and build a new one that serves the people The cooperation on which the new culture is based fs the masses of people working together in the in- terest of humanity, fighting off a decadent culture, replacing it with L.A. PIGS VAMP ON FREE BREAKFAST PROGRAM The military take over of the Watts Free Breakfast Program, by the Los Angeles Police De- partment and its agents wm Sepieinver 3th, Is the lates) ind mos! outlandish atrocity overtly somniitted by the fscis govern- meuts of the United States to date, within the confiaes of tals country. Children, ranging from about three Ww fourtew, years, were at the locativ: of the Panther Party's Wats Sroikias: to simply eat the food that we provided for them. They are there in the main be- cause this government has not pro- vided them with even the msic necessities of Ife, food and shelter, as are the natural rights of huinan botngs, and is the duty of the institutions by which they elect to be governed to pro- vide. And so we, the Black Panther Pary then have taken upon our- . selves to struggle of not only pre- mring for the total liberation of all people, but the temporarily al- leviation of some of the ills which the great masses of people suffer Now wie.armed ‘tops - armed with shotguns - illegaily ina pri- vate building, where 40 to 50 children are trying to stave off the ‘unger they daily suffer, and force these children at gun point to leave the building with no breakfast; with the pretext of looking for Suspects of an alloged killing or shooting in a house that is well- known to be the location of the breakfast is used to terrorize elementary-school age children: when even after the children have left hysterically, their food is thrown out by these same gestapo pigs; when, in essence, terrar re- places logic, and the gun replaces justice and law, then we must reler ©» the very constitution upon whita “is so-called government was found: oeWe hold these tru‘iis to be self-evide', that al! men are created equal; tha; they are en- dowed by their Creator with cer- tain unalienable rights; thatamong these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That, to secure these rights, governments are instiuted amosy inen, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that, whenever any form of government becoines destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute & new government, laying tts foun- dation on such principles, and or- ganizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most like- ly to effect their safety and hap- piness....and) when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pur- suing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it ts their righ, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security. Looking for suspects has been a common excuse and the basts for which terrorist acts lmve been committed and justified - it hap- peus ji Virmam, when whole yil- lages are wipe cut, and it has happened across the country re- cently to the Black Panther Par- ty, especially in the case of the alleged murder in Connecticut, for which our Chairman, Bobby Seale, is being held. When we said iis was fiscism Litellectuais, phrase mongers and fascists said this country was not moving to that point. Well,we say that this single 2ct was an, intro- duction to the open tactics the power structure will use to quell any form of legitimate dissent of the people. But, the people are not fooled for the people saw this act and realized more strongly ‘i need for Community Contro! of Police and complete control of their des- tinjes. Ani we simple say again ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE, FOR THE POWER BELONGS TO THEM, , INFORMATION IS THE RAW MATERIAL FOR NEW TDEAS a culture that works in the in- terests of the people, Our new cul- ture being based on the politics of the People’s Party can only be implemented through many battles with the pigs of the power struc- ture, the exploiters, since the new culture is free of exploitation, Therefore, self-defense becomes a part of the new culture, mani- fested In 357 Magnum, Machine Guns, M-15's, Hand Grenades, 12 Gauge Shotguns, and Browning Au- tomatics because the people have accepted the realityof armed self- defense being the only way to liberation, 4 BY LEN LEAR A West Oak man, who narrowly missed death after being shot by a pig at point-blank range in his own home Sunday charged this week that the pig broke Into his home and the shooting was unprovoked, Joseph W, Slater Sr,, 46, of 1608 68th Ave., an employee at the Con- tainer Corp, of America for 20 years, claimed he was shot in retallation for a lawsuit Initiated by his attorney against two pigs and the City of Philadelphia last December, The suit was started after two of Slater’s children: Wayne 16, and Eleanor, 19, were severely beaten by pigs from the 35th Pig District, York Rd, & Champlost Ave. Following that Incident, Mr, Slater suffered a nervous break- down and was in the Veterans Administration Hospital for six months, He was released May 22 of this year. The family also contends that after their attorney, Cassandra Birnie, sued the pigs, they were harassed continuously by pigs, Wayne was arrested four times in recent months on ‘‘trumped- up’’ charges, while Pvt. Joseph Slater Jr,, 18, was arrested twice, All charges against the brothers have been dropped. While being transferred Thurs- day from Einstein Northern Hos- pital to the VA Hospital, Slater and his wife, Mildred, who ts White, gave the Free Press the following account as to what took place Sunday. “At about 5:30 In the morning, Wayne became very sick and my husband called the police so that he could be taken to the hos- pital,’’ explained Mrs. Slater. She said that when an officer arrived at the house, Eleanor, who had not been told about the pig having been summoned, opened the front door and asked what the officer wanted. ‘‘He said it was none of her business, and she should step a- side," added Mrs. Slater, She said that she had no knowledge of the police being called, but be- fore we could say anything, the policeman pushed her up against the front door, and her head went Also out liberation of the struggle for comes a new liitera- ture and art. Based on the peo- ple's struggle, this revolutionary art takes on new form, The revo- lutionary artist begins to arm his talent with steel, as well aslearn- ing the art of self-defense, be- coming one going into their midst, not stand- ing aloof, and going into the very thick of practical struggle. f MAN SHOT BY PIGS right through a pane of glass,"’ “Then he swung at her, and I ran over to pull her out of the way,’’ stated the father. ‘‘Then Patrol- man Sixberry came into the house and pulled out his pistol. I sald, ‘Put that thing away, There's no need for that, We called you for help.’ '" At this point, according to the family, Joseph sald to the officer, **Get out of the house, [hate cops, " as he stood with one hand on his belt and the other hand partly ina trouser pocket, Patrolman Sixberry then pointed the gun at Joe and said, ‘Whatever you got in your pocket, drop | edd the father declared, ‘l stepped a few feet in front of Sixberry and shld, ‘If you shoot him, you better kill me. ay? a yelled, ‘Don't shoot!" Mrs, Slater added, ‘but the officer pointed the gun right at my hus- band and fired, Joe was turned around completely by the shot, and he hit the ground hard, Then we began to scream and cry out for someone to please get help,’’ An ambulance was called to the scene, and the elder Slater was ,rushed to Einstein Northern Hos- pital, Doctors there said it was a miracle that he survived the shoot- ing. They said the bullet missed Slater’s jugular vein by less than @ quarter-inch as it entered his neck and missed his spine by even less when it came out his back The bullet also came close to hit- ting his vocal cords and the main artery to his heart. Wayne (who was not in the room during the shooting incident) his father, Joseph, Jr, and Eleanor were all placed under arrest and held on charges ranging from breach of the peace to assault with Intent to kill. A neighbor, Wilbert Thompson, 28, of Smedley St, near 67th Ave., was also arrested, According to Mrs. Slater, he was taken into cus- tody after asking pigs not to han- dle Eleanor roughly. Pig Inspector, Robert Wolfinger disputed the account given by the Slater family. He claimed that Pig Sixberry had been threatened by Joseph Jr, who allegedly said, with the people by "A NEW WAY OF LIFE" WEST OAK LANE This new born culture cs peculiar to the oppressed Black masses but transcends commun ties and racial lines because aff oppressed people can relate t take volutionary change which is starting point for developing a r volutionary cluture. SEIZE THE TIME! | Emory Dotiglas Minister of Culture Black Panther P re J ‘, “T'm going to get my gun and blow you out of here’ Wolfinger said that Joseph and — his father then came at the pig even though he cocked his gun and warned them not to advance. He claimed that the father con- tinued to move forward despitea second warning, and then when Six- berry pushed him out of the way, his gun accidentally discharged, striking the elder Slater In the neck, 4 However, angry neighbors told — the Free Press that theyare"sick and tired of the racist, gun-happy cops in the 35th District’’ and that they have begun obtaining signa- tures on petitions that will bepre- sented to pig officials, demanding — that radical changes be made The Slater family told the F Press that they will also ask their attorney to initiate legal action as a result of the shooting, A physician at Einstein Nor- thern, who requested that hisname be withheld, said it was Incon- celvable to him that Slater could have been shot during a scutfi as the pigs claimed. “If this would have been case, the man would have had po der burns on his neck, but he none, only a clean hole,"* he “This means he was some dis- tance from the officer when he was shot." A police captain, who also re. quested anonymity, admitted (| the record) that a few officers the 35th District were “ Ss who are a little too anxious to pull the trigger.’’ “You shouldn't judge all p men by these few,’ he added ‘‘there aren't many of them, there's nothing we can do them at this time, You p know the reason why.'' P.S. The situation is so_ Philly that the people have to the pigs In order to recetve) pital service, PRISON We as political prisoners have been subjected to the fascist tac- ties of the Ninantic, Connecticut state prison and its mad dog re- actionary paper pigs. Although we are denied the priv- liege to talking to the other women here face to face, we sometimes converse through our barred and screen covered windows. But even this is soon interrupted by the oink- ing of the pigs here, We have seen the beating of two sisters here, There wasn’t much that we could do except try to spread the word of this act of fas- cism around the prison grounds and report it to the head reactionaries that work here. After the beating, they were both thrown into a cold, damp cellar which the girls call the dungeon. They were left there without food until the head pigs felt it was time to let them out, DOWN WITH FASCISM!! The guards have been seen with shotguns, When we asked one of the fool reactionaries here why the sudden change in the system here, we were told that they had orders from head pig D A. Marckle and the Commissioner to STEP UP THEIR SECURITY We will fight fascism by building a united front against it. It’s one thing to be oppressed; but it’s an- other thing to be repressed. ALL ~ POWER TO THE UNITED FRONT j AGAINST FASCISM, Take the power from the paper pigs and give ft back to the people. The people are rising up like a mighty strom.....Right On. LETTER Rose Smith FRANCIS CARTER ERICKA HUGGINS FROM A POLITICAL PRISONER August 28, 1969 On Friday nite, Aug. 15, 199, the captives on two tiers within the walls of fascist Hudson County Tombs, broke the pig good squad our of a bad habit...Tue habit of viciously beating the captives at will...the pigs will. The pigs wanted to bust some brothers up because the pigs felt the bloods were making too much noise...b---s-+. The brothers told the pigs to go to hell, they were not going for a bust...So the pigs reinforced themselves with more pigs, but the brothers still stood _ firm on their convictions, namely that they were men, Besides the brurilization admins- : tered by the pigs, the living con- fons are unbearable---one of the main problems that all of us face is overcrowdedness. _ When the sadistic pigs showed 0 crack skulls on the tier ware not going to brutilize our brothers or us, if you swing with tear vas. All the were shouting, “ALL ER TO THE PEOPLE” and WITH THE PIGS.” After Nera became nervous, reminded them and our- # of the brothers and sisters stood firm and have he strigcle for a long time. Even while the gas grew Strong we still chanted, “ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE," and “DOWN WITH THE PIGS,"* All the Black Panther supporters and sympathizers all over the pig pen (Black, Brown and White), Now the pigs had never had this happen in here before sothey didn't know exactly what to do, They had 150 pigs out in the halls with clubs and guns.,.But they had gotten the message that we (the people), even though armed only with brooms and mops were ready to fight to the death,..So the warden came in and we negotiated a ‘'settlement’’, but if you know this fascist city, history was made in this act ag- ainst oppression. The next day the warden admit- ted that our actions were justi- fiable and we were corrcet because, for one, the jail, is anovercrowded tomb,,..Again we let it be known to the warden that we were not going to allow ourselves to be attacked by pig guards, Although we are inside the fas- cist prison walls, we must func- tion, for as our Minister of Defense Huey PP. Newton says, “‘The walls, the bars, the guns, the guards, can never encircle or hold down the ideas of the people. ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLI FREE ALL POLITICAL PRIS- ONERS Isulal Rowley Political Prisoner PEGGY HUDGINS OPEN LETTER All power to the people! “When dark clouds appeared in the sky, we pointed out that they were only temporary that the dark- ness would soon pass and the sun break through’ (Mao) Having heard of the start of the Break- fast Program was the sun breaking through- 1t was without a doubt the most cherished news that I've received since being here, To know that you all are struggling in the interest of the people was the sun breaking through for me. ‘We must perserve and work uncreasingly, and we, too, will touch God's heart. Our God is none other than the masses of the Black People.’ ‘‘New things always have toexperience difficul- tles and set back as they grow, It is sheer fantasy to imagine that the cause of socialism ts all plain sailing and easy success, without difficulties and setbacks or the exertion of tremendous efforts." So the problems that you may be having should not sadden or dispirit you, for hard work is like a load placed beforv us, challenging Us to shoulder it, THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMSER 13, 1969 PAGE 7 LETTER TO THE PEOPLE August 20, 1969--We heard this morning that our Chairman has been arrested and charged with ‘unlawful Might to avoid prosecu- tlon,"' We realize that the repres- sive tactics of the fascist gestapo troops of America are stepping up, but we cannot afford to let them totally destroy the Party or Its leadership. We have to fight ‘tit for tat," When they sharpen their swords, we must doubly sharpen ours, It is needless to say that the peo- ple are confused at this point asto what the Party's politicsare, They are not to threaten or harass the people. The blundering of the mass media and of the power structure must not be misinterpreted. The Party is neither vicious nor dog- matic, but we are fighting for the liberation of oppressed people and the people of the third world. We know that the fascists have no evidence with which to hold Chair- man Bobby, so we demand his re- lease, We demand the release ofall political prisoners. It is clear that they (the reactionary power struc- ture) are trying to remove the head of the Party so that the body will die, They tried with Huey, El- dridge, and countless others; but it won't work, The Party will never die because the people will never allow that. We must continue to or- ganize around the issues that af- fect us politically and economically so that one day the people will rise like a mighty storm..,.they will smash all the trammels that bind them and rush forward along the road to liberation. —_— F--- THE PIG FASCIST DOGS They cannot break our spirits; we will win! Free All Political Prisoners! Long live our revolutionary Cen- tral Committee! (Our spirits are with you, Chair- man Bobby) Ericka Huggins Frances Carter Peggy Hudgins Rose Smith Political Prisoners (Connecticut 14) O THE PEO My particular situation here ts Still the same, a case of the court, (the criminal) trying to make me (the victim) look like the crim- inal, and the criminal the victim. The kangroo courts and the break- ing of the constitutions laws are a reality here in the ‘‘belly of the beast’' as Chairman Bobby calls it, and I can bear witness to that. My bail of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) is usually un- heard of for the type charge (un- lawful Interstate transportation of a firearm by a felon.vio, s922), So you can see that these fascist capitalists are not relating and have never related to that jive a-s constitution where black people are concerned (A cloak of ‘legality’ was given to the arbitrary arrests and the incarceration of victims in con- centration camps, The term was ‘‘Schutzhaft" or '' Protective Cus- tody"’, page 374 ‘Rise and Fall of The Thrid Reich’, which should be on everyone's reading lst), The high and excessive balls put on black people are not only unconstitutional, but slick Dick's and Miss Hoover's way of im- Lotter from Prison To the Black Panther Party: Let me start by Introducing my- self, My name is Richard Clark, and my ageis19,lamfrom Phila- delphia but am now in the Dis~ trict of Columbia Jail waiting for trial, 1 would like to say at this time I am facing a court-martial from the military service for de- sertion because I escaped from the stockade, Why I am writing this letter is because I've been in the revolution for some time (since age 14) but was greatly disillusioned by my former brother by actions | would not like to relate to at this time, While in here, I ran intoanother brother from the Panthers and he was also from Phily. What hetoid me of my former organization shattered my confidence in them but did not deter my obligation or responsibility to the Black people, I am a nationalist and revolution- ist and consider myself capable of defending my people against the pig by any means possible. But I can not do this alone, so I'm asking membership in the Black Panther Party. If | am convicted of this felony, | will receive from the pigs’ both civilian and military courts, a position which you might say puts me in front of the death squad. In the past, | have defended and watched over brothers who were marked by the pig for death and risked my own life, But my life meant nothing to me then nor does it now, because if that's what it takes to defend or save another Black brother so that he may still get the truth to the Black masses, then this is what I'll give gladly and with honor, But although I haye served loyally, lam now deserted and need the help of a brother. Sincerely, Saladin All P.S_ Please, brother, in your re- ply could you send me the latest edition of the Black Panther paper because I've only seen one edition, and I'm not sure if they will let itin but I will sendadonationas soonas:possible. Could you send me the latest news on Huey Newton and Eldridge Cleaver. Richard Clark 162-443 CB ‘*3" Department of Corrections District of Columbia Jail Washington, D.C, 20003 200-19th St, SE PLE plementing punk a-s Mitchell's (Attorney General) protective cus- tody jive, until those other lying politicians (Congress & Senate) in Washington can make it a law. The balls set on members of the Vanguard throughout Babylon and the power structures refusal to set a ball for Brother Huey shows that capitalism really re - sembles ‘a dying person who is sinking fast, like the sun setting beyond the western hill,’* In closing I would like those within the Vanguard to remember, ‘We must not become complacent over any success. We should check out complacency and constantly criticize our shortcomings, just as we shouldwashour faces or sweep the floor every day to remove the dirt and keep them. clean,"* ALL POWER’ TO THE PEOPLE BLOOD ‘TO THE HORSES BROW AND WOE TO THOSE’ WHO CANNOT SWIM, Jimmy York ‘ Deputy Chairman, New Jersey Political Prisoner THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 13, 1969 PAGE 8 LETTERS TO CHAIRMAN BOBBY FROM SEATTLE LIBERATION SCHOOL Revolutionary Comrades, Enclosed are various letters to the Chairman from our Liberation School, We realize that the youth make the revolution and the fervor for revolution is felt in their cor- We also realize that an immediate reply under the cir cumstances imposed hy those lying New Haven and Berkeley improbable, so we will notify the young brothers and sisters to this fact, They will understand because they know that "*All Power Belongs To The People. respondence piss ts Bobby White Dep, Minister of Information Washington State JERRY Dear Hobby, | am in Liberation School and I have been learning about you and hope you get out of jail soon and maybe you will be teaching a Liberation School and it might even be us you'll and all Black brothers out of jail too, be teaching and sisters will be CHAIRMAN BOBBY SEALE ieee Comune oe PANTHER 21 HAVE BAIL HEARING were On August 13, 1969, the Panther 21 had a ball hearing in Federal Court in New York City. This was the 17th bail hearing the 13 bro- thers and sisters who are incar- cerated have had since they were busted on April 2 of this year. Attorneys William Kuntsler and Jerry Lefcourt argued that the State's bail system was “‘unconsti- tutional”’ and’that the ballon walch the 21 were being held was ex- cessive. District Judge Edmond L, Pamieri presided. Attorney Lefcourt pointed out that the $100,000.00 bail thar the N.Y, Panthers are being held on was a “political bail'’’, William Kuntsler picked up the argument blowing about the racist nature of the courts. Heth lawyers were really “*taking care of business." Kuntsler went on to point out how the pig power structure is out to destroy the Panthers, and how the press has conducted a vicious Slander campaign against the Par- ty. Lying D.A, Hogan and his lying assistant, pig Phillips . equated the ‘‘so-called’’ conspiracy to bomb department stores to that of the Chicago bombing of depart- ment stores, Mut Kuntsler pointed Out that the person responsible for heinous bombing was an insane wilte ex-marine. The N.Y, 21 are not insane; they are revolutionary freedom fighters and servants of the people. The “aura of fear a- round this cuse’’ was ulso. men- tioned. (When Paathers appear in court in fascist New York City, there's 4 pig-a-Panther), There 3 armed men in the court. For what? asked Kuntsler?"'For two lawyers and your honor?" Kuntsler went on to point out that “‘it is white people that are doing all the shooting.”’ And Mar- tin Luther King was the example put forth, The Panther lawyers were joined in court hy Mrs. Elizabeth Du- bois, who appeared “as friend of the court’ on behalf of the NAACP Legal Defense and Edu- cation Fund, Mrs, Dubois argued that the bail system ‘‘discri- minated against the Negro and the poor.”’ Mrs, Dubois argued: “*Iif a person is able to supply $100,000.00 he has a right to be set free, these defendants (N.Y. 21) do, Their ability to pay has no- thing to do with their danger to the community.” Mrs, Dubois pointed out that the exorbitant bail of $100,000.00 violated the “eight amendinent of the jive constitution which pro- tects the defendant against pre- trial detention. Judge Palmieri said that to deal with the ques- tions presented by the lawyers “would overturn some of our fun- damental concepts,’” However, he did admit that ‘‘the poor (partic- larly poor blicks) are disadvan- taged by the (bail) system." The $100,000.00 ball is to insure that the Incarcerated brothers and Sis- ters will not be on the streets serving the peuple. Outrageous bails are simply a means of in- suring pretrial detention for per- sons whoin the (capitalist) system thinks is dangerous."’ Mrs, Dubois closed her arguement by saying, “those incarcerated before trial, have more chance of being con- victed,”’ Up jumped lying D.A, Phillips and he was off and lying at full Speed. Judge Palmieri asked whe- ther it was true that some of the defendants had no prior records. Pig Phillips oinked that, ‘'Each defendant is responsible for acts all of the others in spiracy.”" “Once it beyond a reasonable after trial in court,” countered Judge Pulmieri. “If you assume these defendants are innocent for all purposes,"’ oinked Phillips, **then there should not have been any indictmenr,"* Right On, Pig Phillips, “It is necessary for me to point out,” said Judge Palmieri, ‘‘that their guilt lias not been proyved"’ and he asked aguin about Indivi- dual records, **You just can’t deal with these defendants glomirate,”’ Pig Phillips searched his re- cords and started bad mouthing Curtiss Powell, saying that Curt‘cs Powell had a record of 3 arrests **Arrest, No convictions? asked the judge and everyone inthe court room, lauged and applauded, Moreoyer, the arrest--al] petty of- fenses--were at leat 8 to 10 years old.”* see that Pig Phillips was cotally outside, Judge Palmieri reserved his decision to study records. of a con- you prove doubt as 4 COn~- MICHAEL Dear Hobby, | am learning from Liberation School in Seattle. We ing about fascism, capitalism, and more, We learned about the jews. We saw some films how the pigs treated the llrothers are learn- ind Sisters, of I hope you get our jail soon, Free Uobby Seale Michael Marshall EDWARD Dear Hobby, My name is Edward Brookes. | g0 to Liberation School in the Cen- tra} Area, I learned about the Ten Points of the Minister of Black Panther Party, | hope you get a lot of letters from Defense, the black brothers and sisters. | love you and hope to be like you. ALL. POWER TO THE PEOPLE Edward Hrookes DWA NE Dear Bobby Seale, We are fine in Liberation School, lam sorry you are in jail, Free Hobby Seale Dwane Gutler, Jr. STOP THE GANG-UP! Bobby Seale, Chairman of the Black Panther Party, wasarrested the other evening by two dozen FBI agents, armed with shotguns, as he was leaving the wedding of a friend, The agents sald he was wanted for ‘illegal Night to avoid prosecution’. The charge was a phony because (a) he was not fleeing, and (b) he was not aware of any prose- cution. Just the same, $25,000 ball was slapped on him, No sooner was this ball posted than Seale was grabbed again--this time by San Francisco cops--on a new charge; kidnapping, murder and conspiracy to commit murder inthe State of Connecticut, At the request of District At- torney John J, Ferndon, a judge denied bail on the new charge, Ferndon sald some police informer had implicated Seale in the Con- necticut crime. As Seale's attorney pointed out, not long ago San Francisco Police Officer Michael O’ Brien (while off duty) shot and killed a Black truck driver named George Baskett. And O' Brien was granted bail (and other courtesies too), although several people, who were not police in- formers testified that he killed Baskett In cold blood. That ts racism in one of its worst forms, One rule for Whites, another rule for Blacks. LABOR'S EXPERIENCE Working people come in all colors and such racism {s used to divide them along color lines to make thei and their unions 4 softer setup for the boss, Unions have had thelr share of “conspiracy’’ to prevent scabs from entering a plant and police frameups when the powers that be wanted to break a union or bust a strike, Certainly their own experience and the phony FBI **gang buster’ stage managing of Seale’s arrest ought to make union man and women BUTCH Dear Urother Seale, I, | want all black from the racist pigs. 2. We want full emp our people. 3. We still love you Brother Seal From Butch (a mother) Dear Chairman Bobby, L used to have a typical the Black Panther Party and it stood for, bur after stop and listening instead of letting m . self be cold by the news 1 am to decide things for myself. now able 1. I have no intention of a ow ing my daughter to live™in a se iety as exist today, 2. Most white people and their enforcement agencies intendto keep this Society capitalistic with th Hilack man down, | now recognize the Black Panther Party as the leader of a revolution that has been building after ma years of persecution and sub stand- ard living. | am ready to join d fight for my daughter’s freedom, POWER TO THE PEOPLE Marilyn Fletcher BALTIMORE. | BUST Two sisters, Sherrie Brown and - Sandra Wallace had noticed pig cars gathering about a block from the office. When they went down to Investigare, they saw the peo- ple from the community gathering a as the pigs slammed a brother ag- ainst the pig car, The sisters began to tell the people about the fascist pig tactics and were joined by three more Panthers. As the — Panthers talked to the people about the fascist pig repression, mo c pig cars arrived, The fascistswine — grabbed brother Join Clark and Slammed him against a partol cary Someone in the crowd threw an old shoe and connected on on of the swine. A couple of burley swine grabbed sister Sandy, her a ‘b--ch", and caised their “law and order" sticks. But an= other pig called out that there were too many people around, Pigs decided to retreat, but nm before arresting all the Panther in sight. They were Sherrie Brow John Clark, Steve McCutchin, ; Malik Jones, ‘They were and charged with resisting a and hindering pigs in cm n “Jaw and order’, They are rently in the pig pen, pendi $500, bail each. Their ri scheduled for September 12dh ter Sandra Wallace was tried Same day on charges of ass on @ pig and found guilty 3120,00, ‘The fine was paye she was released, \LL POWER TO THE PE suspicious of this whole deal, pecially since Seales'arrest 1s) the latest in a series of pol raids, roasts and arrests, whic! add up to a massive alters smash the Black Pant oe | and to intimidate Black organizing todefend and improve their-condit 4 r - Willlanis, Legal Lynching and More of the Same The power structure is out to make an example of the five bro- thers they indicted who were al- leged to be involved In a shoot- out with Cleveland pigs back in July of 1968, The fact that 14 pigs were wounded and three killed, has made it necessary for the power structure to set some examples for other Black people who might lean toward armed self-defense. The fact that the Slack community suffered only half as many wounded and one dead served to up-tight the pigs’ situation even more, It is com- mon knowledge that the pies ran amuck and somebody happened to be waiting and ready, It’s also com- mon knowledge that the pigs tried to shoot anybody not in uniform and then termed all their acts justifiable or blamed It on alleged ‘*snipers'’. Ahmed Evans was singled outas ARMED EVANS a ‘‘ringleader’’ and is sentenced to die in the electric chair on September 23, 1969, Brother Non- Du has been sentenced to 100 years with no chance for parole. Once again the pattern Is set, the trend is clear, To add to this, the bro- ther of Ahmed Evans, Willlam Evans, has been found shot to death, The pigs’ answer to tis was ‘attempted armed robbery - justifiable homicide, Some people in the community belleve the mur- der of William Evans was a ‘*warning’’ from the pigs to Ahmed Evans’ attorney and others con- nected with the ‘‘case,'’ A defense committee has been formed. Money and help in making people aware are needed, Contact; Wilbur Gratton July 23rd Committee P.O Box 2404, East Cleveland Ohio 44112 THE CONTINUOUS REPRESSION LEADING UP 10 THE ARREST OF CHAIRMAN BOBBY SEALE The continuous chain of repres- sion, the constant harassment, open fascist terrorist tactics can be seen clearly since the bust ot the New York 21. On April 2, 1969 at 5:30 a.m. over 400 plainclothes pigs vamped on 16 different houses and ar- bitrarily arrested (by any means necessary) 2] Panthers of the New York Chapter for a so-called plot to bomb tulips, pig stations, rall- road tracks and all Department stores, The very samedepartment Stores that the Black people we serve shop in. On April 26th, the pigs bombed the Des Moines Office destroying everything. On May 22nd, the pigs arrested 8 Connecticut Panthers on trumped up charges of murdering a fellow Panther who they supposedly thought was a pig informer on the N.Y. 21, when in effect, the pigs murdered Alex Rackley. On June 4th, the pigs raided the Chicago office stating they were looking for a fugitive that wasn't there upon Investigation, They said something about the person being connected with the Connecticut case, The so-called person still Wasn't there. On June Sth, the pigs raided the Denver Office and arrested Landon and Rory Hithe on charges connected with the Con- _ On June 6th, the pigs arrested Lonnie McLucas in Salt Lake City, _ Utah on the same charges. On August 18th, the pigs beld a ransom of $20,000 on the Chief of Staff, David Hilliard, On August 19th, the pigs kid- napped Chairman Bobby Seale on trumped up charges of being a fugitive from justice in connection with the Connecticut case, based on the testimony of some nigger pig who signed a statement saying Bobby ordered the murder while he was in the state for a speaking engagement Coincidence? Do you think so? The dates are concurrent, the places of arrest or kidnap (arrest without a warrant), run ina very smooth line from the East Coast to the West Coast in order, ul- timately, to arrest our Chairman Bobby Seale. This has been a premeditated assault upon the Black Panther Party in an effort to destroy the Party that Is working for the people; in an attempt to Incar- cerate all the leadership one by one, state by state, BUT FORGOT ONE THING the Black Panther Party belongs to the people, and that as long as the people are oppressed and exploited, as long as there are Black people alive - there will always be a Black Panther Party. THEY ALL POWER TO HE PEOPLE FREE ALL POLITICAL PRIS- ONERS Sharon THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 13, 199 PAGE 9 OPEN LETTER TO THE PEOPLE OF THE COMMUNITIES: We must now begin to stand up and intensify our fight against Utils injustice that is brought down on us from ‘‘those’’ that are In power and ruling over us, the masses of the people. With all of this repression, we the members of the Black Panther Party as well as you the people can plainly see that this government does not work for the better interests of its people, It is outright criminal fascist tactical suppression, for example when two men are ar- rested for just saluting, in court a man that has been out in the front of the people’s struggle. We, the people have been intimi- dated with threats on our lives and victimized by the pigs, the unjust courts, and the avariclous, greedy businessmen who in fact rule this country with force, His tools are the lying politicians and the pig police, Bobby Seale, your Chairman, is in the pigs’ jal) at this time, KIDNAPPED by those in power who fear him and the Black Panther Party. Why? It Is because he is not only the Chair- man of the Black Panther Party, he is the people’s chairman; he is a leader for all of those who are moving against the suppression of the people’s movement to free themselves by using their con- stitutional rights, You must begin to understand and see that whatever happens to the Black Panther Party happens to you the people. We are not fugitives from justice.Uf there is to be any justice, then let those that rule over us and claim to show justice, be tried Inthe courts of the people as criminals from justice, (Those that have brut- alized, exploited, murdered, raped and have intimidated the people). Anyone that has ever stood up against any of this repression, this Injustice has been attacked by those that are in power, the elite, or whatever you want to call these fools, The social conditions which the people have been sub- jected to ts against the laws of the land and are outright criminal. This fascism, upheld by the majors, governors and the Pres- ident of these United States has been explained by the leaders of our Party. Their control must be broken by any means necessary, Also, all the branches of gov- ernment that come under thelr con- trol must be dealt with. We must not forget the lackeys that work day and night for the avaricious businessman to suppress and deny the masses of the people their human rights for freedom and the pursult of happiness, Yes, {f there is to be any justice, then a war- rant should be put out on the F.B,1 fool Hoover, the President, all demagogic politicians, and the pig police on the following charges: The President, and his flunkies for running a con game on the people and having them suffer for their rights; the pig police for intim!- dation, murder, and brutality; and the greedy businessman, for ex- ploitation of our poor communities, Yes, we are involved In polit- ica) dissent,--dissent against the bull---t that is being played over the masses of people in this country today. No, we will not stand a- nother day of this injustice. We will go on to interfere with the madness of this so-called govern- ment because you, me, and any- one else has a right to go forth and practice our constitutional rights, The Minister of Education has sald that people must get together now because there isn’t too much time left for interviews. I don’t think they are going to allow us too much time even to walk around on the streets, So 1 think that this Is a situation that demands a response from the masses of the people. So we can see and realize that we must move against all of these injustices a- gainst the people. We are notafrald to say that we are advocates of self-defense. It is only right that people defend themselves against the terror and inhumane acts of these pigs who exercise power over us, Our Minister of Defense tells us that laws and rules have always supposedly been made to serve the people. Rules of society are set up by people so that they will be able to function in a harmonious way, In other words, In order to promote the general welfare of society, rules and laws are established by men, Rules should serve men, not men serve rules, Much of the time, the laws and rules which officials attempt to inflict upon poor people are non-functiona) in relation to the status of the poor in society. These officials are blind to the fact that people should not respect rules that are not serving them. It is only a game that they run on you, ‘I t is the duty of the poor to write and construct rules and laws that are in their better interests, This is one of the basic human rights of all men. One such example of this is the right for decentralization of any police department that does not serve us. “The slavery of Blacks In this country provides the oll for the machinery of war that America uses to enslave the people of the world, Without this oll the ma- chinery cannot function. We are in the driving shaft. We are In such a strategic position inthis ma- chinery that once we become dis- located, the functioning of the re- mainder of the machinery breaks down,” ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE FREE HUEY P, NEWTON SCANDINAVIAN SOLIDARITY the kidnapping of Bobby Seale, Chairman of the Black Panther Party with utter amazement, It took some time before they could really believe that the fascist pigs In America had overdone their act, On August 25th a demonstration took place in Copenhagen, Denmark in front of the American Embassy led by the Slack Panther Party Representative in Scandinavia, Connie Mathews, In pouring rain over 400 Danes turned out to pro- test the kidnapping of Chairman Bobby Seale, and the mass repres- Sion underway to annihilate the Black Panther Party, Most Danes, for the first time, faced reality as they remembered very clearly the visit of Chairman Bobby Seale to Scandinavia in March of this year when he ran down to them exactly what the Black Panther Party was trying to do, Added to this was the fact that one of thelr comrades, Jorgen Dragsdahl, had beenarrested and imprisoned in California for raising his hands in court during the bearing of Chairman Bobby Seale. A press release from Eldridge Cleaver, Minister of Information of the Black Panther Party was also read ut the demonstration. Due to \ CONNIE MATHEWS WITH THE B.P.P. Scandinavians received the news of FREE ALL POLITICAL PRIS- ONERS Joe Davis East Oakland now diaphanous that Fascist America, under the direction of the Chief of Pigs, J, Edgar Hoover, has started a full scale war against the Black Panther Party. It becomes crystal clear to Scan- dinavians that J, Edgar Hoover con- Siders the Black Panther Party a threat because they are the first Black movement to put the Black American Struggle Into a political context, In opposition to the Black Cultural Nationalists who condemn all Whites alike, the Black Panther Party does not primarily see the Struggle as a racial conflict but as a conflict between the oppres- sors and the oppressed, capitalism and socialism, They express soli- darity with the Third World and look upon their struggle as a link in the struggle of all oppressed peo- ples, The Scandinavians are standing the contents of this press release, in solidarity with the Black Pan- one of the major newspapers in ther Party and are demanding con- Denmark carried an Editorial the sistently the release of Huey P next day on the repression against Newton, Bobby Seale, the right of the Black Panther Party and in- Eldridge Cleaver to return to the cluded the following extract from U.S.A , the release of all litical Esquire,‘*The ghetto seethes with prisoners and an fiatatiara een to spies, secret codes and double a- the massive repression Jaunched gents, One would think the policeagainst the Black Panther Party, : were preparing themselves for a war or were about to start one’. This article appeared in Esquire one and a half years ago. It is Connie Mathews Black Panther Party, Representative in Scandinavia THE BL ACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 13, 1969 PAGE 10 FASCISM_IN THE LAND OF THE TREE AND THE HOME OF THE SLAVE If it wasn't for Huey, Bobby, Eldridge, David and all the other 5.P_P. members, their would be no Organization in fascist hypocritical America serving the people, The Free Breakfast Program im- plemented by Huey, Bobby, El- dridge, and David, has now spread (as have all the many other pro- grams) across fascist America, By thelr deeds, our leaders have clearly demonstrated to all of the people that they are dedicated, and are firmly committed to serving the people, They have not asked for recognition, nor do they seek wealth or personal power, Huey, Bobby, Eldridge, and David have laid their lives on the line along with the BP P's rank and file, The work and programs initiated by these community leaders, (The Free Breakfast for School Children, Free Health Clinics, Liberation Schools, and Free Clothing) have brought the full weight of repression of this fas- cist bourgeois. dictatorship down upon the peoples’ Party (BP P.) in general and upon the B.P P. leadership in particular, This criminal fascist govern- ment which pays (with taxes stolen from the workers) avaricious farmers not to grow crops, and avaricious ranchers to destroy livestock, while the people go hun- gry or are forced to rely on meat substitutes, dehydrated milk and other dairy substitutes that do not provide the nutrients necessary for our childrento develop strong heal- thy minds and bodies, dares to la- bel the BP P. and our leadership as “criminal and undesirables"’ which must be destroyed by any means available. This genocidal and arch- criminal government, which is guilty of misapproplating billions yearly, is squandering the lives resources of the people at home and is perpetrating heinous crimes against people all over the globe. This fascist dictatorship is headed by one of the worst dema- gorgic, megalomaniacs in his- tory, Tricky Dick Nixon, Demagogic congressmen, go- vernors, mayors with their pig armies of repression serve not the people, but instead serve the in- terests of fat avaricious dairymen who destroy millions of gallons of milk yearly in order to keep dairy products out of the mouths of the poor. The welfare of the huge chain markets, which over-charge as well as sell contaminated foods in our communities (foods that they would never contemplate passing off to the ruling fascists) is protected, Banks,corporations, government agencies and other gi- gantic trusts blatantly rob the peo- ple through exorbitant rates for services, goods and by under pay- ing the workers, The Corporations and government agencies through unsafe working conditions, faulty equipment, etc. cause untold suf- fering and death to thousands of workers, All the forementioned in- cluding the fascist military, which is presently mired down in a peo- ple's wars of national liberation, and sissy a-- J. Edgar Hooverand all his fascist punk pig cops are in collusion against the people and the B.P_P. with the complete sanc- tion of pig Nixon, Their schemes and actions are directed toward wiping out, violently suppressing, not only the leadership and mem- bers of theB.P,P,,not just those who would dare to struggle to re- turn all power to the people, but also the fascist are attempting to {rradicate completely the socialist programs initiated by he B.P.p Fascism is seeking to destroy the will of the people as manifested in the leadership of the BP P, The only measure the fasciat could MISSISSIPPL COON HUNTERS STRIKE On Friday, August 15, two New Orleans women were arrested in the ‘‘sovereign state’’ of Missis- Sipp! on the trumped-up charges AGAIN Subsequently, the Pigs cursed and beat the two girls unmercifully throughout the night. After a week of captivity, Terry MISSES A. MARY REED and THERESA ANN JACKSON of ‘disturbing the peace.’' The two women, Miss Theresa Ann Jackson, and Miss Alexander Mary Reed (from England) were con- ducting an Educational Survey in the area of Old Brandon Road, just on the outskirts of Jackson. As they were going about their work, an unidentified car drove up. Out stepped a big fat, red necked cracker, He then told the two girls to get in his car. Terry told him hell no, she wasn't going anywhere with him. Then this “concerned white citizen’’ pulled out a gun and started shouting obscenities at them. Terry's white companion, Mary, stepped between the two and told the bastard that she objected to the way he was talking to Terry. Out of the blue rolled upa Pigmobile. Two nigger hating Coon Hunters stepped out and without asking any questions, promptly arrested the two, The Pigs refused to tell the girls why they were Both Terry and Mary were taken to the Rankin County Pig Pen, placed in seperate cells and were not allowed to make phone calls, was told by the Pigs that was lower than low to be in the company of a nigger. we managed to smuggle out a letter to her mother who lives in New Orleans, Her mother contacted a lawyer in Jackson, and he managed to get them out after paying $350 fines each, Of the Pig Departments around the country, probably the most racist of all are the Mississipp! Pig Departments. These racist swine have reputations of being Pigs by day and Klansmen by night, In view of this entire incident at least two question stand out above all others: (1) Why did the Pigs feel it was their duty to beat two helpless females, (2) Why were they not permitted to use the telephone, How long will we allow this kind of sh-- to continue? We must not allow these racist b------ 5 to f{--k all over our women, No longer must we sit idly by and watch the oppressors insult, maim, murder and rape our wives, mothers, and sisters, We must protect our families, our friends, and our communities from the vicious attacks from the sick sadist policemen at any cost. DEATH TO THE PIGS by Louls X adopt, when on the verge of ex- tinction after having been driven to the wall by the demands of the people and the Party, was the undisguised fascist tactic of kid- napping the peoples Chairman, Bobby Seale. They have exposed themselves to the people as being filthy degenerate fascist pigs. The covers were finally taken off The people have always been aware that the courts, from fed- eral on down to the municipal level, were just not the places to receive justice, Unless one checked out the court system, you every violation of the “law''; or forseeking redress incourt against & negligent avaricious landlord, businessman andorthe government and having the case thrown out, The papers are full of cases where the demagogte D_A.'s coupled with fascist judges and juries are send- ing or attempting to send our bro- thers, sisters, fathers, mothers and children to life in prison or to extermination centers to be gassed, electrocuted, hanged or shot, On the other hand the fas- cist courts uphold the law and or- der of finance capital, When cor- RANDY WILLIAMS could not be sure of what is hap- pening. Fascist justice is mani- fested In being held for 72 hours onsuspicion,of having ransoms and exorbitant fines imposed, of being put on years of probation, of being incarcerated onweekends,of being sentenced to the maximum for FASCIS Some people who are quibbling about the correctness of the re- cently held UF AF. Conference called by the Black Panther Party should consider the announcement by the fascist state's ‘‘Justice’’ department to intensify its harass- ment and attempted suppression of the Panthers. The deliberate attack on the Party's Chicago office by the pigs set the stage for a new round of violent suppression and coming on the heels of this event, the announcement to ‘‘investigate’’ possible (sic!) violations of the civil rights of Panthers is a mere smokescreen to conceal more '‘}r- gal'’ repression, Let no one be confused; didn’t the Chicago pigs claim that ‘‘they were fired upon'’ by the Panthers? But this lle was exposed by Chair- man Bobby when he pointed out porations need stike-breakers, the courts rule in their favor, and the fascist pig cops move on the workers, brutalizing and terroriz- ing them. The fascist pigs harass, intimidate, torture and kill mi- nority people and the exploited White working class because the T DUAL that ‘‘all windows and doors were covered’ in order to foll just such sneak attacks by the pigs as this. In seeking to blame the Pan- thers for ‘firing first’’, the pigs are using the tactics of all reac- tionaries and are like the thief who yells ‘‘stop thief!'’ Now the government comes forth behind this event and seemingly says it will look for violations of Panthers’ ‘‘civil rights,"' (sup- posedly carried out by the pigs.) But what they are really doing is seeking to confuse public opl- nion by painting the false notion in people's minds that the gov- ernment is willing to punish its own forces and extend justice and democracy to all, even Black Pan- thers, while at the same time, conspiring to begin a fresh round of “legal'’ repression. This is known 4s counter-revolutionary fascist courts have given the fas- cist pig cops a Hcense to to murder fn cold blood, The pigs 3 know that murder of fourteen and fifteen year old youths will be simply classfied as justifiable ho- micide, The B,P.P.'s primary objective is to make the people fully aware that the government, from dema- gogic megalomaniacs, fascist Nixon and Hoover, to the local lackeys Mickey Mouse Reagan and Mafioso Alioto who are the erj- minals. They are responsible for all the evils that exist. Polluted alr and water, the war, exorbi- tant taxes and rents, unsafe hous- ing and cars, red devils mixed with strychnine (belng sold on school grounds) and the harass- ment, kidnapping, imprisonment and murder of the people and at. tempts to exterminate the BPP. leadership, These are just a few examples of the criminal activi. ties these fascist are guilty of, The B.P P stands before the people with our ten point platform and program to show where weare determined to go. We know and understand protracted struggle and we see through the fascist fy. tile attempts to destroy the BP p and the beautiful socialist pro- grams which the people have taken as their own, The people and the B.P.P. are determined to make sure all fascists are swept into their graves. The people and the Party shall see to it that the peo- ple's Chairman, Bobby Seale, will not be railroaded through the ‘tase cist court oppressors prison. WE WANT FREEDOM FOR ALL BLACK MEN AND WOMEN HELD IN FEDERAL, STATE, COUNTY AND CITY PRISONS AND JAILS, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE! FREE HUEY! FREE BOBBY! FREE LANDON AND RORY! FREE ALL POLITICAL PRISONERS! Randy ACTICS dual tactics and Is designed to disarm and mislead people away from the Party's correct call to fight against fascism, We must expose (fsse fascist dual tactics and not be hoodwinked by the seemingly ‘good Intentions” of the ruling circles, or of their state apparatus, By the very contradictoriness of their own po- sition, they are required to vary their tactics, seek to undermine the growing influence of the Black Pan- ther Party, especially in the light of the UF A F Conference, Fight Fascism All Power to the People! W H, Sherman National Liberation Study Group PO Box 16022 San Francisco, Calif, A LETTER OF PROTEST TO BERKELEY PIG CHIEF August 27, 1969 Chief Bruce Baker Berkeley Police Department Hall of Justice Berkeley, California Dear Chief Baker: We are aghast upon reading the drafted plan for the annihilation of the Black Panther Party National Headquarters which has come from your office and the desk of Of- ficer Plummer! We are even more shocked by your Department's spokesman, heard on KPFA™to- night admitting that this sordid document issues from the Berkeley Police Department, I wish to register my strongest protest against even the thought of such a plan, much less the actual drafting of it! I can no longer consider of any value such pro- posals of police-community work- shops and public meetings aimed at bettering relations between po- lice and the people, Who can sit down and talk with the mentality represented in this plan. Rather, it fills me with disgust, and then with fear and anger. Rather than talking, I believe that my Church would do better to begin Installing armor-plate on our own windows immediately, Let me put it more directly: do you have .similar plans for the Free Church and other Movement headquarters? We are anxious to know. lam encouraged by the fact that such a plan has found its way outside your department: to the press. One of the remaining hopes of the people is the free press” which can print plans from po-— lice departments, as well as sts of narcs and tactical squads, Per- haps free press, in the end, will be our only hope of community control of the police. I think I speak for the Free Church community In saying we are a Church which will su our brothers ee Black Bs Party with w have, Doeumeeta aun only confirm eel the Party, ype ing © the Bla ugel our own) for rein Apt clety. Regretfully, é Fr; Richard L, ork, Free ‘hur system and into the . u s « aed poe ee ee 5 ee ee | Soe UNITY IS MORE NECESSARY _ ON THE RAMPAGE REPRESSION The police, FBI, CIA and re- pressive agencies in general are on the prowl for Black militants, In the last few months Black Pan- ther Party offices in such cities as Sacramento, Chicago, Denver, Washington and Salt Lake City have been attacked by the police, Searching without warrants, the making of false accusations, the setting of high balls, massarrests and other actions have been taken against the Panthers - which led Gerald Lefcourt, their New York lawyer, to say, ‘‘They are cer- tain the Government is trying to destroy them within a year," The Black Panthers have been carrying out unity activities with other groups of liberals, leftists and radicals -- Black and White -- to form a coalition against repres- sion. But this unity of Blacks and Whites against U.S. racial oppres- sion has caused the Panthers tobe attacked by other groups of Black self-styled nationalists. This clash among Black groups has exposed existing ideological differences, NATIONALISM: OR REVOLUTIONARY REACTIONARY | The last few years have seen’ the development of a trend in U.S. Blacks toward studying and be- coming acquainted with African culture. The Black man has be- | come aware that the theory of ra- cial inferiority was a myth which served to prop up the system of exploitation, Thus, the wearing of African clothes, the use of African names and languages -- all this has become popular in the United States, as has the wearing of na- tural hair styles and the empha- Sizing of other external charac- teristics aimed at making blacks more like the peoples they ori- ginated from, But this trend toward idealizing Blackness has its negative side, Black leaders in the front ranks of the struggle against the American way of life and for the liberation of Black people have expressed “ their disagreement with this trend, Huey Newton, founder of the Black Panther Party, now in jail, has said, ‘There are two kinds of nationalism: the revolutionary. Revolutionary nationalism is based on a popular revolution whose objective is power for the people. To be a re- volutionary nationalist, you must first of all be a socialist. The reactionary nationalist is not a socialist, and his final objective is oppressing the people."’ Newton's point becomes even clearer when he says, ‘Cultural nationalism, or pork chop national- ism, as I sometimes call it, is the result of a false political perspec- the reactionary and Big tive.... The objective of cultural nationalism is a return to African culture, by which these nationalists expect to regain their identity and freedom, In other words, they feel that African culture will bring them political freedom, Often cultural nationalists become reactionary nationalists,’ BLACK CAPITALISM: PROGRAM NIXON'S Side by side with this {deolo- gical struggle, an economistic ten- dency called ‘‘Black capitalism’ is developing, The idea of Black capitalism is to divide, It is a palliative aimed at neutralizing the Black masses and deceiving a mi- nority which believes it can join the ranks of the capitalists as exploiters. Black capitalists will also expollt their own people. This Nixon strategy has met with some success as a political measure, bar businessmen take black cultural nationalism American G for Negroes, For instance, an article pub- lished in Time magazine points out that there is a group of Black athletes who have become busi- nessmen, taking advantage of con- cessions and loans offered them. Meredith Gourdine, and Olympic broad jumper, has said, ‘Black athletes have a better chance to join. capitalism than any other ~ THAN EVER | Negroes,"’ This is proof that some have joined the ranks of the divi- sionists, Black capitalism has not de- veloped greatly from an economic point of view, Thomas Matthew, who organized the National Econo- mic Growth and Reconstruction Organization (NEGRO), found ital- most impossible to sell his own capitalist services to the Govern- ment. He could not get the Pen- tagon’'s orders and could not com- plete other contracts for chemical products. These were granted to monopoly enterprises such as Kodak and Minnesota Mining, in- stead, The reason such monopolies as Shell and the Chase Manhattan Bank, to cite only two of them, join the Black capitalism program is that they see a danger in the Black people’ s struggle and in their possible alliance with White rad- icals, But a significant event has al- ready taken place. In April -- during the Negro Economic De- velopment Conference, in which the activities in connection with the Nixon plan were supposed to be- gin -- elements or groups that supported Black capitalism came out against the program. Brother Crook, one of the participants in the conference, later made the fol- lowing statement: ‘‘ Black capital- ism cannot help the Black people, ‘because it is based on the assump- ton that the exploitation of man by man is a@ natural thing, Since | Negroes are the lowest rung jin this country’s social and econo- mic scale, Black capitalism would |mean that Negroes would have to i bews other Negroes,"’ It appears that the words of Black Panther leader Bobby Seale are “\already being proved true. In ref- erence to Nixon's plan, he stated }that Black capitalism ‘‘only leads to a strengthening of the capitalist System, a system which keeps | Negroes in slavery." | In the face of the present situa- tion of the Black movement in the United States and the attacks ofall | kinds which are leveled against it with a view to doing away with it —; completely, it is more necessary to grow even richer, , Inc. hag put out a line of greeting cards than ever to achieve the unity of the Blacks and to secure the sup- port of the Whites in the struggle to eradicate capitalism, which ts the real prerequisite for truly solving the problem of racism in the United States or anywhere else in the world, PUBLISHED: 8/28/69 Gramma, Weekly Review of the Official Organ of the Central Com- mittee of the Communist Party of Cuba, BOSTON PIGS Boston August 29,1969 On returning from a film rally sponsored by the Black Panther Party, thefascist Boston Pig Dep- artment moved on a Panther car with guns drawn, for a ‘motor violation,”’ After seeing the com- munity respond to their gestapo- _ ike tactics, they immediately cal- i “a Jed an‘‘Officer-In-Trouble” call, which brought 10-12 car loads of malnutes. guns drawn within 2 tes. The Defense Captain, Doug jiranda, and myself were {m- whisked away and were tr AMPA not advised of our rights nor put under arrest, After arriving atthe Pig station, Doug was put under arrest for a ‘‘motor vehicle Vio- lation’ and I was suspected of being a fugitive. These Incidents prove several things: (1) The pigs are only in our community to brutalize and murder Black people. (2) They rea- lize the power of the people and the Black Panther Party's role in the education of our people to the true nature of the decadent American society and (3) The system's at~ tempt to destroy our dedication as revolutionaries for the libera- tion of our people, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE NO POWER TO THE RACIST GE- STAPO PIGS Black Panther Party, Boston Chapter Lt. Information, Eugene Jones + clemeq « ‘THE BLACK PANTHER, SA TURDAY SEPTEMBER 13, 1969 PAGE 11 PHILLY PIGS First LEE BERRY, epileptic beaten bythe pigs, then Joseph Brooks, epileptic murdered by the pigs, now CHARLES LEWIS .. Approximately 4:00 Tuesday morning, a brother named Charles Lewis who lives at 1814 3ist St, was stricken with convulsions, The pigs were called by his relatives in order to have him takentothe nearest hospital. Approximately 45to 55 minutes later a Black plg and a White pig arrived, Both pigs refused to carry Mr. Lewis, who was in convulsions, from his second floor apartment down to their wagon outside. Mrs, Mattie Knight, who is Mr, Lewts's sister- in-law told me that she begged them to carry him downstairs, but both pigs, especially the Black pig, were very nasty to her, Being that the pigs refused to carry Brother Lewis outside, some brothers, Tim Darrison and Kitshen Wilson carried him downstairs and out- side to the pig wagon, Mrs. Knight who relayed this story to me, Is nearly sightless, and was unable to obtain the number of the two pigs though she desired to do so. The pig wagons that usually patrol the community are 2201 and 2202, In this area it usually takes the pigs a half hour to 45 minutes to respond to calls other than those reporting rob- beries. Mrs. Knight's niece died in January or February while walt- ing to be rushed to the hospital. In this case, the pigs had taken at least a half hour to respond to the emergency call. Though these incidents do not involve actual beatings on the part of the pigs, they do fllustrate the brutal nature of the pigs toward the Black Colony, The fascsist pigs are right there on the spot in protection of the Interests and the property of the avaricious, greedy businessman, but take their time when called to rush someone tothe hospital, The pigs (human pro- perty of the power of finance cap!- tal) are controlled by a system which places a higher value on pro- perty than on human lMves! This is why the BLACK PANTHER PARTY 1s circulating a petition for COMMUNITY CONTROL OF THE FASCIST PIG POLICE The Pigs on 31st St. must serve the people on 3ist St, Not the avari- clous businessmen living out on the Main Line! The pigs will not stop busting your heads and let- ting you die while waiting to be rushed to the hospital as long as they don’t Iive in your community and are not controlled by you, “THE PEOPLE AND THE PEO- PLE ALONE ARE THE MOTIVE FORCE IN THE MAKING OF WORLD HISTORY!" Chairman Mao Only YOU, the PEOPLE, can put an end to this fascist bru- tality from the pigs. You must seize the power to control your own destinies, because HOG TATE, and CISCO KID PIG RIZZO won't give it to you. ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE Lynn Smith BLACK PANTHER PARTY Philadelphia, Branch HANDICAPPED YOUTH MURDERED IN COLD BLOOD Patrolman William Bishwanger shot and killed 15 year old Joseph Brooks on Wednesday August 27. Brooks, a mentally retarded youth was on vacation from the Ebens- burgh State Hospital, Brooks was told by Bishwanger to drop a knife he was holding. When Brooks re- fused Bishwanger shot him in the face, Joseph Brooks died fifteen minutes later. Statement from the Black Panther Party: The outright racist action em- ployed against Joseph Brooks Is neither strange nor new to Blacks, Puerto Ricans, and other oppressed people in the confines of this cap- italist system, The young brother named Joseph Brooks, ts the third Black person popped by the fascist Philly pigs in the last three days This trend of outright, cold-blood- ed, wanton waste of life is the forces of fascism in the raw. The BLACK PANTHER PARTY says ‘ direct opposition to these tac- cs: “WE WANT AN IMMEDIATE END TO POLICE BRUTALITY AND MURDER OF BLACK PEOPLE” This is point no, 7 of the Ten Point Program of the Black Pan. ther Party. By force of the people’s petition we will move for complete implementation of the end to POLICE BRUTALITY & MURDER, We want no more ‘Joe Brooks’ a15 year old victim of epilepsy, and retardation, Shot down by a fascist pig just doing his job, Well, his job ts shooting, brutalizing, torturing, and killing niggers, WE CALL FOR THE IMMEDIATE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE 7th. POINT OF THE TEN POINT PRO— GRAM OF THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY In addition to our petition that we are circulating presently, (the PETITION FOR COMMUNTIY CONTROL-DECEN- TRALIZATION-of the Philadelphia PIG DEPT /National Committee to Combat Fascism), we will begin to circulate a petition in support of a PEOPLE'S COURT, This revolutionary People’s Court will be a trial of the racist, fascist dog that murdered 19 year old, Joe Brooks. We believe that POWER GOES TO THE PEOPLE! If youwould Ike to help us in the circulation of this contact, Black baa Philadelphia Chapter, 1928 Columbia Ave, CE6-3358 ™ ih owety © be eee rare < a 1 ald : TINE » RX + Ednorial Note: Within the Movement, debate rages over organizational and political strategy for the women’s liberation movement, This debate rarely includes the ideas of black women. So we rapped with six women, incinbers of the Black Panther Party, about some of the neues raved by the women's liberation move + ment and their own experience with women's * Wherstion inside the Black Panther Party, (Technical note: A large ypace between para- graphs means that a different sister i speak ing) MOVEMENT. How has the position of womes #ithis the Dlach Vanther women if the Party * wie the Party : PANTHLA WOMER: Ive only teen ta the Party aboot ten months ant when | got is the Party the thing shout Pastherettes was sqvashed, ©@ sort of gree out of H. Thee there's Ericka Huggies. The beesbere it took o@ Ericka with « new tight * becacee she had teen (Bru a lot of things that some [ Hrothers haaat © beet) (bru The sletera locked up te ber and we 6)] saw what we had to do, The sters tave to pleh ep gums just like Brothers fe are a tet et change society We realize that we have & role to play and we're tired of stitiag Dome and twire i lsused and unless se stan? Gp, male chauvitiam will scl) sSew its f apd te socerthing Uhal's just passed over, Usices we speak pgaiact [1 and tesch the brothers what's cérret) sed potet owt whale wrong, then ill eu be here inknes the sisters can Goto There used te De & Gifterence in Gw roles (of fen ant Woehen) be tne party because sisters were relegated to certain duties, This was dye to the bach. wardness and lack ef political perspective oc the part of both eletere and Srethers. Like sisters would just naturally do the office-type jobs, the clerieal-type Soba, The) sete ihe ones that handled [he mallee hist, Sou enow all those thangs that go into Getalis. they were naturally gives to Ube sisters and be Caldew uf this, because the sisters scoeped It se illingly teesees they bad teen Going (248 before this La Che type Of responattaltiies they’ ve hac bebure ewweesew buereeoeneeeess Hi Hay very wady for made (Reuvisiom to costines om The ont tad of stators taking reso eimelnty in or one er two pronde whe everctsed respeneinility in other areas of Party were * ve receghiord m ithe past 4 or $ month ttat , They Aponsiniity and it showlan’t te pest to detall work, te thires women sormally do Ths, | (Pink, has been coatdiested in, the fact thats Wi Of Sisters have bees writing more articles, (hey re atierdthg more to the political aspects of the Party, they'te speaking oat in pottic more and we've even due vultwach work i the ¢omsmuntty, extensive cut- fh that ©e' we taken the baitiative to start ols-. Oh Drothers and siaters cow work © ibe [Poeration schools, bis been proven that potitions a(et’t relegated im ses, ti depende om your polities! | tan remeber that «hes I came Into the Party ever a that time David Hiliatd was Kational matters Captain, 260 thete wae another sister in the Party whe was the Rational Captaie for women theagh mest of the seaple related to David ional HG Captain, meat of ibe nd te (Ria other be sawee she was the Nationa! Captain tor wor ber. were sergratts anc Hevtenasts wie aistets and &) (hel: panda were ether sister h the hrethars REORGANIZATION Whew tea alad ated, ony erparste positions fe era aod brothers, ehen we al) hed 00 folate to (he brothers of atatere who Te tn the specific poatiots, there waar) just & reaction om Ube part of certain beothers cause they ide) ike having to relate to certain sisters, who Were in leatersbippocitices. inere waralecs trection on (he par) of scene giaters, who because they had to relate te some brothers, tecedse they Gid mA have ranks abeve certain brothers, they wanted to quit the Party i | Se i weet ject & malter ef brethers tring iy | | ‘ : 4 : IN Rerrtt ittee ee rrett titi male chauriniitic im not eanting to relate tu wistere as lneSere crer thee--tut I also the 5 leceuse of coodilioning wanted ty con to olher sisters, rether than to leaders of the Party per se, regarciess Of see And | cam see Alpee the tle | petned the Party that Uke Party han wedergone radical ec ection Gf Semen lnegeratip ant . women Creu though Ericka tugging provides as with & YEry COod example, Is Rot BO Pract bricks and the jgation that br poses & virike exan pie, it's tte fect that the political consciousness and the pot Stical jevel of memwters of the Party have rises very ques since | joined the Party ard because of ihe fact thal we're moring toward & proletarian revels thea and becswee we have come te r * thal male chauviatem acet afl ita manifestalions are bourgeots and that scneof the Uiee we're (ig ing againat. We realize thal in & proletarian revelution, the eras. eipation of wom te primary. We reatice thal the succes® Of the revolstion Gepreds apve the women For tha reaecn, +e knew thal H's pecessary thai the women mutt be emancipated IMPORTANCE OF WOMEN'S LIBERATION MOVEMENT; Could you explain whal you mean when you way thal the success of the revobetios Gepeeds withewt men Movement ofganisations he ve always beet dominated by men, the way civil figtte organisations used to te Gominated by white people. PANTHER WOMEN,1 don) taew, thet sounds Ubogieal to me becawse you can't solve the protiem apart tron the problem, You cant be liberated from male chau- viniam if you don"t even deal with it-- if you ran away from it, And I think forming any sepereteorgenitation with thal in mind bp negating of comtradicting wha: you're setting cut to Go | think any type of Inside oreatication that deals ith women ¢ liberation should take inte consideration that women's liberation Le tm- portant, tut whet bs primary is ite Peopte’ a lite ration, if they waat @ woeren's Club, thooe hare waisted for centuri they should form thal, inptesd of calling them selves ry robut tons ries. ‘MOVEMENT: One of the arguments that's been made te that the fwovement tas failed te attract a let of women tecasse of (Rechaavintem Wilkin (hr movement oe tecauee of the intimidation (hats found ia a lot of political orgasiestions, We fal) to attract (he other half because men dominate, Women have to cet together to tala shoot their special problems in order to lavolve more women In the strucgio, PANTHER WOMEN, I think oer fedgment of crocuses, just Uke independent groups Ls going to ha ve to depend on whether of Sot they towardthe revolutionary move~ meet be tee eed | mean Lf their perpose for caucusing among themacives ix to make & more effictret organl- sation aad Lf they, in fact, are adie to Go ital (ere thetr practice, thes Aight Oo Det if they fall Into a Lrep of just getting by themacl ves and pest com: talaleg abowt the aituatian a8 are unalde to pat forthe positive program, then that form is tx viabie Again, their practice ts gutag te hare to teil-- whether or not they further the re voletionary orgasizetion PERIOD, ROLE FOR ADVANCED WOMEN Alm for & perace to use (De arcumeni that the streggic does nol ATTRACT women tothe orgssization, 1 think, le coming from 4 subjective potat of View, Be- cause if they understand (hat It's pot & women's oT & man's strugeic, i's pet a6 attraction for ap or 4 wou but we're bere Cor ihe Hiberation of opp sed people, (rregardless of whether male chauviniem exiats, the women weedd stil! Come into the Party or movement because taey agree OF are ® Liling to support the revodstsxumary principles that exist, lf they Med male chaurindam, they should be willing to fight it on the taris of principle and untly, Aud to cay, *they te aot Sitrarted to I ~-there’s bo advertisement for getting rid of oppre =. 1's en attraction based ea principles, pet based on seeks eutijective wither of wants. So / gay that “omren «ho say that they dee’ t sant to come inte the struggie because ihey' re not ATTRACTED to the stceeate aren't really interested in the fret giace, MOVEMENT No, they aay the movement dowan’t Aral SU ei reper ial oppO 4 PANTHEN WOMEN) Wel), that may be trove, bet etl, if Yow re inirrested In the struggic of oppressed people, you can come into an organizaiion and bring that qeestion in yourse!!, instead of staying y from it You can fight om the basis of unity wiihin an organize~ tion, sot on the basis of,* weil, (bey re not dealing with tbe women's qeestion aad they’ re not dealing with the special oppression of women, 60 therefore Fm pot goleg lo partitigaie*. They’ re stil! being subjective. Well, | tek that's one place Where women who are already a¢vanced are guige to have te lobe « strong stand. The fact be because of objective conditions tt this society Women are more tuckwards, because of their positions Ia their Some, or in actool, even workiag worms who are more exposed te what's hap penning te the world, are still relegeted at home asd to the family jobs to ike children, etc, etc, aed tbett perspective in terms of the world ts more Limited, Ge i's very important that women who are more advanced, whe already understand revolotionsry principirs, goto them and explain if to them asd etruceie wits them, We have lo recognise (hat women are Seckwerds pol itheally and we have to struggle with them, And that can te & special role thal revolutionary wore Can bu PANTHER WOME Wa becwuse of the fact that women are the other half, A revolution cannot te weccessful simply «ith the efforts of the men, be- cause & Soman plays such un integrel rete in soctety even though che is relegeted to emailer, seemingly Inaignificert positions. 1 Chink copéitions ovtabte the Party Rave forced us to realize that we have to get rid of made chawvin- iam. A@ Panthers, we caneet separate carsetyes Bn6 divide ourselves and work as Pastherviles, aed on the other hand have brothers work as Panthers and expect to present & United Prom ageinat Factam or acdinat the enem) of acainst outside forces, There hes to te wilty within the Party, We cant be divtied on the basis of ser and we can't be divided om Ime Dadhe of principles of anything Tricks became « good example because the pice realised the & revebetionary, Maybe we didn't realice thal, in the sense that treoveht abowt it all the time or brought her up af en example of & sirong women, Dut, | think the pigs realise thal and this culside condition fas forced G8 lo realize that ee cant eperele two hal » Separale, apart (rom wach other. ee have to be wnified VIETNAMESE WOMEN LEAD MOVEMENT, You emce sald ta! the Vietnamene women were your example, Could you explain more concretely what that meate Le terme nf ihe struggle Of women in the Untied Males’ PANTHEN WOMEN, We feel thal ihe example given es ty the Vietnamese women |e 8 prime etample of the role women Can play im (he rrvetwion. ‘The Vietnarisse wothet are out there Sighiing © Mh their brothers, Mgtting sgaiast American tepetialion, with ws anced \echnology TT Cm Shoot, They're out there with Weir tabies on thelr lacks, as bh cape may be, ood they're participating te the rey~ elution whetetearted!) Just 44 the Vietnamese men are participating I@ Lhe rewilvtion, ™ the allona) beration strucahe, The svccese ef their mations) liberation etrugghe ie just aa im Cape ident un he women comtiauing atrucgie 46 Ht is depeadert of jhe Vietnamese met. te there we see in Vietnam where the struggle today be the sharpest be teres of struggling sqainet UD lapetiallen , the women ix fort, gasy the robe of ibe other hall onot Uke half, oot the stronger halt, tat tee otiver Rall of the tor * wemas " 0 betes 4 SelOrCinale er un 4 pote “© SPECIAL revoletionary and ent ae ive halt ROLE OF BLACK WOMEN . MOVEME ‘ Met cop te ra nttt woman are considered le be the © women Thar eet © the US, ag binces and as wren vahguaiar ten Crp ression clres them o special itttie? Me, De yuu want to talk abet that & Par 7 ioe ae WOMEN. | thtnk, historically, even at thee + #98 for Women in ine Party, leony ete full ehare and full Rind ‘of touchy (TIBUOEHAIRLy 16 hed of dlttiestt and Vietnamese men We bold inet U2 and we hope ihat ine revorumest? *™ 4 follow that eaainple ait tiyeme © © Chey hare va te goal that ehsuvisien |e rather s4ee of Cur societ: ght ow ieaee of m ber y. Our men fare phary and hind wf owt of place weet Martine to talk aie Presb here You knew. The responsttaliiies abost If abd everybody is seagate Sout ectmloner } Hhould Mave had tetere, were taken worten find tbeit place in iaqge Of tMir reine had to Tent eh eat? ane my thelr manhood, We've revobsthonaries sed use the + sant? Se arp lores, thinkiag or ales Sefure. Oar men are constantly Y sone worsen, (hen | Cont (Pink ti wit(se a= ivery maturay FO, & Wor e (hat maybe if we assume & hes Se et hace easels ee Tespemibte role, thai (As, ih tern, will @ touchy thing rll Teaponetblity and i's such re sare stents ava have to le very sure thet the onan t have te be one cortal amd one certain role for» womene pMavedon te eel yareere Hy ke Streggie and whatever we cas do mrad food icc rn, fe at a Righer lewel or not. ry ta Y s0¢ pree some pr seater & epecific hing tlhe yeurvarey mem some brothers still have this eminating the whole political scene, u Nari (hat Often, bet | thon we're guing 10 have (0 te sensitive ence recognize Hi. We're going tc have 10 te pore oh enough lo sa) thet we re going to take mere ofa share f the political aren bet, ot the same thew, we're going 10 Mary to beep Inene things tn mind, — an re all coor “eevee ay ot te it's & very real fear, | think ifs important thal Witte Ine content of (eat wlruggie that back mes understand that Uneir manhood is net dependent on keeping their tdack women asvbordinale tO them becwese ibis it what bourgeets idectogy has been trrtae to pet into the Diack man and Wats pert of the special oppression of Mack women, Black wouwn ag geaerally a part of the poor people of ihe US, the working class, are mere oppresesed, aa being Mack. they're saper~ oppressed, ant an being wemen they are senwally Oppressed Dy mee in Ceneral ant by Diack men sien Se, In this conten eee Utel Wack weenen are especially oppressed in tide country and it's very important that Diack women wxderstacd and Mack en Ghcersiang that Diack mans manhood ta mot Sependert upoe the subordiaation of Wack wor but rather Ma manhood Le, in fact, dependent on Me Own strength ant Oe strength be aleo gets frome revolutionary felaiiomeay A relstionstep le more fruitful whes, in fart, the woman is the other half and cot the weaker balf. They (the’ mere) get more out of Ihe rejstionahip, jest a4 (he women SOUTH AFRICA UNITY IN STRUGGLE “Our women have Breed awn organizations es |ssues such as (he ertensuam et passes MOVEMENT, What are your ideas On the otrategy for womes’s Literaiion im terme Of separaie women's orgesizalions, the priorily of women's |iterstion ta relatios to other iseees like brepertaliom and ractem? VANTHEH WOMEN, | think I's teporiant that the aepsraie women’s liberation greups net all be berped inte one category, Their effectiveness acd their value te women) have demantad, bet ours Ours Le not & feminist movemert 8 @ national ore question that effecia women is seperate fh the fedamental Questions of sparthal, taticeal oppression and embomic ex- la Gepertent upon to “i thelr work ts farth- ploltation, Worren's faee in the ering revetutionary goals in iMs country, | think that there are all different binds of organizations ts exlateece cow, There are geome people who tale anout the contradiction among firti ate sumen as cme of the major custredictions in cepiiatiet soctety and therefcre they take that contradiction (amt even if they Goe’t talk atexst ft, some of them pam It toto practice) and develop 1) ts on aniagomistic contre dicties, whee actually tt le 4 comtradictiee among ihe people, N's pot a contradiction Letwrer An enample of (hials ot the OT AT Cantervace where ooreesions serene from time ta (ime where eon Hoeht want bo haves cauces and s man would Come around end they would get very uptight that « cean were practically ready to pemq on tia, just because be happemed to be listening aroeed, 1 thiak that's 2% exseiple of how the women's struggle is taken cul of perspective. tt te separated from class sruggy ie this country, ifs separated frome maiional liberation ruse and it's given its ows category of vomen acainst men, Sometimes people ts7, ewribina rer. olutionary contest", tet in practice, if all their rtetgric¢ ané all ibetr practice acdi-men, It le pet 8 rer Olwtioeary pregr and. a matter of fact, tt hinders the revelations ry fore The Contradictice between mes and women 1s 8 Com lradtction that hae to be worked out within the rerely- thonary forces. Ii Le not al all comperatée lo (he chase contradictions, [t's the class uel thal tabes prior rity, To the extest (het womens organisations don't addr theme selves le the clase struggle of |e national Iteration struge! they « feat really Perthering the women's liDeratice movement, because bs order fur women to be truly emaacipaiod in tha country # going to have to be a soclalist revolution And there's going to have to te ieeobeeica! atregeie for Setades anc probatdy for centuries tetore male ches, viata Le overcome. If women don't unter they're not going to trely te alle to overcome thetr special Gy seasion, rerobstion La no differmt frocs that of men. Wie tm the front lize Wherever that may te? Africas National Congmes techate «= Vol > NEP Aug race? a) itoverta 1a correct and even ihose somens Oe anisations who do address (Dem arives tothe strugaies thal & wt hand, the strategy of having sstonemoss woree’ & [beration organizations | incorrect becuse, Woberta says, U1 seeme as If (hose organizations took Mpon women & Iiberation ass priority hee be actuallty the streggie towards soctaliat revolucion te # priority, Women cas osly become emancipated, net taroea® (heir own Tts as & particular grow, bet tereegh thelr participation equal plane is the ting erganisations which are comprised of era and women sho atv struggling for ihe same cause, Its not a separate struggle and women « lteration doen pot take priority, bed tm fact is part and parcel of the overal) strugede. FEMALE CHAUVINISM Aay orgenteation that's being formed tor warmers liberation, like Nesemary ead, baa got to take Into ceuside rst [Rat they can’( operate seperately ant by Uescatives, They must also enderstand the def- initioe of chauvinism. Chauviniene tev t just rebe- Caled bo ie male, Chauviniam bs an undying oF reasoning or irrational hove for ene’s sem and ifs women’s litersibes orgaaisation gets eplight tweauer & Mad COMPS ATOURS, thar 4 uNressoning eft lt rationss ts pet beore reallatic aed joking al hinge ® te terme of & man too tesctioning as 4 revebstionary and s woman functioning as & revelwiionary, ff they're ool carefel, (hey @1ll go to am extreme and Uy will bece: male Chawviacsds. They +I hare an undying love for (eir sey and totally negeie revolutionary wirweeoe, Untortunately, if we dont be caretel, I Geab that the women's Lteraiion struggle cen be co-opted by oppertanists. 1 can become peel tthe & ye ore “*BABYLON" ".... WOMEN ARE OTHER HALF, THEY ARE NOTOUR WEAKER HALF, THEY at Ob OUR STRONGER HALF, BUT THEY ARE OUR OTHER 1 Z SAND THAT WE SELL. OURSELVES OUT, WE SELL OUR CHEE. FEN OUT, AND WE SELL OUR WOMEN OUT WHEN WE TREAT 7 [IN ANY OTHER. MANNER,,..."" . EB CLEAVER 5. Die a OF INFORMATION MINISE beeps BLA PANTHER PAI af totes asalaggy i ted and the whobe fevetetionsry of, beck beceuer of (hte This ie ony teaee oar revotetionary precttiiooers, hetawee at the fepreeston were saftering, Cas’| tobe thee out te on Off by cure oelree le solve home of Gur beckwarderns Thts would be just soother Cividing tactic as thr os f cam ene, WOMEN'S LIBERATION IN PRACTICE I thine Is bepertast ie rereogetae the Gangere that separate women's croupe teee Laereetiately, just because they're women s croupt ent there's & geet chance that Uey're going bo ert off tuee ie berme of what the primary strugeie ls, However, I think we have to te very care! in terme Of eenteteniog formes that sre weed im the mwement. | think thei there le room for special organising Of rOten There are positive things thal (heer binds of groape aa Go: for example, cane rien, serial Diente where therws primarily women, electronics and thts port of thing th terme of working class orgentaing, is terme of ergamicing cocgersiive mersertes tn Wherate the energios of women, Dut, they are always factag certain dangrra terme of turning 6 os theman!ves, in terms of becoming Very petit twerceeds iitie clique whete (hey just bath about bow they have le (abe care of the bids alt the tow or become gripe setston Go! thinh while we as Pas the witle we integrate (he Mrugeie of the Drothers and siviers within tbe Party, we witli will sew bow (eee eepurste weeren's Nberstion grewpe do ttre their practice, Amd that's where cor betgment of thee will come in cn ekeew sat peseesossoweene eteee We have & phrase (hal faye thet the only euliere vorth Levping ts a revolutionary cultury, Now, cer culture dictates Gul we become revotutionarivs, ir~ reqerdiees of what the brothers say, Ihe Rosemary says, we stewie feection in & position that furthers revetution and revolutionary culture, The women's iterstics ex that are separating sway from ihe men (f Gu ber said there + seme roore ter hers and we Cart vectilate on whether there ts or not, we have to judge them on their prattice) should take to Consigerstion thal we're tere bo berate the people amd like we sald, ifs & soctaliet liberation struggle and we can’t operate ae talves. 1 wore’ s iteration is ning to exist, Mt shoate exist wilh the goal lo tiled be chanel Ue emergion they Uhernie into & united liberstion of (he men and Women togetter- tet s¢ 8 tearceote cult, heceume (ia bas happesed mazy Limes. They ve become f~ tremtst organizations of fetmale superiority and have totally forgotten: atowt the people's strugies and Operemsed pecole amt tary, ibemeelees become op~ preseors FANTHER PROGRAMS Weerrreetiiier ttt MOVEMENT, De the Panthers have aay specific programs dlrected st wormes in (he coremamily tn get them involved in the strucei«, PANTHER WOMEN: The Black Paniber Perty bene nek have any progres: thal Ls specifically acdressed jo women, per oe. There te, om the National Com~ mitiers to Combet Faciam, & comenitiowanthe satioe~ al steering coonmitier of sweet. Dut the primary function of tis commléitee Is to cheatel Ihose womee eho are propesests of worsen’ « Iteration wie areas of word [ntegrated imo the lleration enema deneeeeees Even though the Pastner Party Quests Mewes women's program per se, () dont knew whether ow wild be the fatere or mot) | taint realtze that the best effort le thee practice aed (hal our leration ie qonas come (Stu the realisation on the part of the brothers that they cast practice male chacviaiss, but even mere Linportant, it comes frum « comecioms efiort on the part af ihe sinters teeducste Inemaelyes and act to accept menial pesttions oF relegate (hem acives te submisaive positions ‘The brothers com be en chauveniethe an mock an they wast, bet unless the sisters reaiiae (hat they have or bot ee © revedtionary, te do any good Se | think the best ertterton ger (nat be erection, be wdtitvon te (Rate. stmply becesee of the tect (hal ee ate memters of the Eiseh Pasther Party antare therefore tn the vasguard, does aot necrasariiy men — that oe can deem cureeieve Champions Liberation, We tebleve that male i usted qpon es by the mere clase sad bs cabin we're Mighting against. wc we come to realize abi these things Jeet reeset), ere very new a4 So that whether or not wy Will become cha mgdoms of women’s liberation, whether orm we'll be able fo provide the #aammle lo lead ether argent gations fowarcs women's Liberation will come Grever practice WOMEN'S CAUCUSES MOVEMENT, What @> pou thint steue all eupevs cavcuses inside the orgeatestion’ that vittie mevrenent chauvinian® aad women ition ef power, “We ea) Bale Gupreteety le taeedt @ thew Ohee Liedehoe, occa tener, eat reanee” won Rarvrwe (Pag) + THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 13. 1%9 PAGE 14 =. > 7. a ~ ar CONTINUED FROM LAST WEEK THE POWER OF ARMS From Tricontinental May - June 1969 by Amilcar Cabral Secretary-General PAIGC ZIONIST MENACE sification of the Middle Eastcrisis Zionist aggression against +> nelzhbouring Arab countries, and After the Party was created in 1956, there was another important moment in 1959 when the Portu- guese committed the Pijiguiti mas- sacre, which caused indignation among the entire population of Guinea and Cape Verde. That was a crucial, decisive moment, because it showed that the Party was follow- ing a mistaken line and that it had no experience, At that moment the Party knew nothing of what was happening in the world and we had to advance empirically. It wasn't until 1961 thet I got to know the works of Mao Tse Tung. The lack of experience made us think that we could fight in the cities with strikes and other things, but we were wrong and the reality of the moment showed us that it was not possible. ‘That same year, after Guinea achieved independence in 1958, small groups were created and then, in 1959, the Party succeeded in unit- ing each of them under its leader- ship. The result was a single or- ganization requiring that each give up its group identity when it be- came part of this one organization. This showed the confidence our peo- le had in the leadership of the + Party. In September 1959, a little more than a month after the Piji- guiti massacre, we held a secret conference in Bissau which gave a complete new turn to the character of our struggle. Then we began to prepare ourselves for armed strug- gle and we decided to go into the countryside. The President of the 2 Party, Rafael Barbosa, was the first to leave for the mato to mobilize the people and to form new party members. Our city people also went — workers, employees, etc.; they left ‘their things and went to the mato to mobilize the population. Another great moment is when the Party moved beyond support- ing the struggle of the Angolans to direct action in our own land in August 1961. We began with some ‘important sabotage; the Portuguese responded with massive repressions leaders in order to create the meas- ures necessary to help the struggle. This enabled us to create a political schoo] to prepare political activists. This was decisive for our struggle. Israel's Inhumans trvaiment of the Aish population of Palestine, mil- lions of whom have been driven from thelr homes, continue to oc- cupy a focal point of world an- xlety. Behind Israel with her ar- rogant contempt for the Arab peoples and her dream of estab- lishing a religious Jewish state from the Nile to the Euphrates, stands the world’s most powerful and aggressive imperialist state, the U.S.A, Staunchly backing the Arab countries in their demands In 1960 we created a political school in Conakry, under very poor con- ditions, Militants from the cities Israeli troops and self-determin- ation for the Palestinian people Is the Socialist Soviet Union. Thus, & prolongation and Inten- We had to find appropriate formulas to mobilize our peasant, instead of utilizing terms that our people ‘couldn't yet understand. We could never mobilize our people merely on the basis of the struggle against colonialism. That produces nothing; — Party members — were the first to speak of the fight against impe- to come to receive political instruc- rialism is not convincing enough. tion and to be trained in how toIn its place we use a direct lan- Amilcary Gibral for the withdrawal of the invading must lead to a grave danger that the two most powerful nquclearand military states will confront one another. No sane person could wish such an outcome, for reasonswhich are all too clear. Yet, that is precisely what the leaders of Isracl, al Jed ant aoet- ted by the West, are continuing to do. They refuse to withdraw to the borders they occupied before the aggression of June 1967, as deman- ded by the Security Council. They refuse to allow the return of the Arab refugees whom they expelled from [srael and from the occupled territories, They continuously con- duct fresh aggressions against their neighbouring states. Thelr pretext for so doling ts that these states are allowing their territory to be used us bases for the operations of the guerrillas of the Palestinian Arab liberation mobilize our people for the fight. First some comrades from the city came to the school, then came peas- ants, youths (some even bringing their entire families) who were mobilized by Party members. Ten, twenty, twenty-five people would come for a period of one or two months. During that time they went through an intensive formative pro- gram and we spoke with them, and night would come and we couldn't speak any more because we were completely hoarse. Some of the ca- dres of the Party would explain the entire situation to them but we went further. We performed in that school as in a theatre, imagining the mobiliza- tion of the people of a tabanka, but taking into account social character- istics, traditions, religion — the customs of our peasant population. An aspect that I want to point out is the condition of our country- side. We speak of peasants, but the term “peasant” is very vague. The guage that all can understand: Why are we going to fight? What are you? What is your father? What has happened to your father until now? What is happening? What is the situation? Did you pay the tax? Did your father pay the tax? What have you seen from that tax? How much do you get from your pea- nuts? Have you thought about what you will earn with four peanuts? How much sweat has it cost your family? Which of you were prisoners? Was it you who was a prisoner? These were the mobilizing factors. You are going to work in road- building. Who gives you the tools? You bring the tools. Who pro- vides the meal? You provide the meal, But — who walks in the street? Who has a car? And your daughter who was raped by that so-and-so — do you find that all right? To interest certain elements we against our people, which made the peasant who fought in Algeria or even used some concrete cases the contradictions between us and them China is not the peasant of our people knew about: individuals greater and brought us inevitably country. who had been molested by Portu- to armed struggle. It so happens that in our coun- guese colonialism but didn’t realize The great wave of repression un- try the Portuguese colonialist did that Portuguese colonialism was at leashed by the Portuguese — during not appropriate the land; he al- fault. which Comrade Rafael Barbosa was lowed us to cultivate the land; he In our new mobilization we avoid- arrested — didn’t succeed in destroy- didn’t create agricultural tompanies ed all over-generalizations and pat ing our will to free ourselves. of the European type like he did, puxeves. We went into detail and On the contrary, it spurred our will for instance, in Angola; he didn’t had our people who were preparing to carry the fight onward and to create colonatos, as he did in An- for this kind of work repeat what show the Portuguese that nothing gola, where he displaced masses of they were going to say many times. could stop us. Africans in order to settle Euro- That is an aspect which we con- At the beginning of 1961 the Por- peans. We maintained a basic struc- sidered of great importance, in our tuguese arrested 21 Party members ture under colonialism: the land Specific case, because we started — among whom were Fernando as cooperative property of the vil- from the concrete reality of our peo- Fortes, Epifanio, and others — some lage, of the community. This is a ple. We tried to avoid having the of them leaders of the Party. The very important characteristic of our peasants suppose that we were out- reat campaign that took place peasant, who was not directly ex- siders come to teach them how to soe the colonialists to give them ploited by the colonizer but was do things; we put ourselves in the trials and to free the majority of exploited through trade, through position of people who came to learn them. That gave us a great deal of the differences between the prices with the peasant, and in the end the restige and helped to implant the and the real value of the products, peasant Was discovering for himself dea of the struggle deeper in our It is there where exploitation oc- why things had gone so badly for ‘ople. curs. Not in work, as happens in him. He came to understand that Consequently the Party decided Angola with the hired workers and there exists a tremendous amount to take advantage of the existence company employees. This created a of exploitation and that,he is the of independent countries, at least of difficult aspect in our struggle: to one who pays everything, even the one of the neighboring independent show the peasant that he was being Pr ofits of the people living in the countries, If the internal factors are a! ha in his own Jand. city, Experience shows us it is neces- decisive, one cannot forget the ex- elling the people that “the land sary that each people find its own ternal factors. The fact that the pelongs: to those wae. em a it” ie formula to mobilize for the struggle. Guinea was next to us not sufficient to mobilize them, be- Sysoeyee Paty 10 ‘decide to in- cause we have more than enough CONTINUED NEXT WEEK stall there, temporarily, same of our land; there is allethedand we need. “Our road is dreadful 'y but glorious” movements, But who could deny the right of people who have been expelled from their motherland by force to return by all means in- cluding armed strugele* Or the duty of the fraternal Arab States to give them all assistance Intheir power Israel must quit the territories she hus (legally annexed by her acts of aggression. She must readmit the Arab’ peoples she has inhumanly driven from their an- cestral homelands, That lethe Main message of the recent Calro Con ference tn Support of the Arab peoples. i ening: <i Nguyen Thi Song, Labour Heroine, co-operative vice-chairman the farming and stockbreeding techniques. During the past few years, our co-op has reaped fairly good crops despite frequent U.S. air raids and natural calamities Recently, I planted sweet potato on some experimental plots. The result was heart- on tons per hectare present 11-ton mark"’. WOMEN ARE GOOD CO-OP HEADS SAYS HO CHI MINH Pe hee ee wee HANOI (LNS) -- In spite of the continuing attempt of the United States to wipe out that small coun- try, North Vietman continues its revolutionary struggles, including women's liberation, In a recent interview with Marta Rojas of Prensa Latina, the late revolution- ary of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh reported ‘‘Women have made a good deal eee eter eerre een va LPRUENIN LUN PEEP HN CNRD CUFT EF VANPEIE MN Ne womens This proves that a correct application of science and techniques can further Increase sweet potato output in Trung Hoa, instead of the of progress. They have taken on new leadership responsibilities, It is very common now to see women as heads of cooperatives, and, in my opinion, they’ re better than men, because when men achieve an ex- ceptional workday they usually throw a little celebration party, and sometimes the production Surplus {s wasted. Women don’t do that.’’ « \ = “I'm responsible for eee ee THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 13, 1%9 PAGE 15 mete NEWS Vietnam On July 4, 1969, In the A So valley, southwest of Hue, 50 Gis and 10 puppet troops were killed or wounded in a clash between U.S. and puppet soldiers, In fact, U.S, planes had strafed and bonibed by mistake a company of puppet Regiment 3 raiding near A Luol; soldiers of a unit of pup- pet Regiment 5 coming to the res- cue of Regiment 3, incensed by the rash attack of the Yankees, opened fire on a unit of US, motorised Division 5 moving behind them (Excerpt from Vietnam Courier, July 21, 1969 No, 226) HANO| HANOI (LNS) -- Twenty five Gls Stationed at the port city of Vinh Lam staged a demonstration a- gainst the Vietnam war recently, according to a dispatch from Viet- nam's Liberation Press Agency, The Vietnamese agency also said that GIs mutinied and killed two officers in the town of Thach Tru, in Quang Ngal province, South Viet- namese police reportedly indicated that the two officers were shot in an explicitly anti-war protest, HANO| HANOI (LNS) -- More than 100 Black Gls staged an anti-war pro- test July 30 in the port base of Qui Nhon, in Kinh Hoa province, according to a report by the Lib- eration Press Agency of South Vietnam, The report, as transmitted by Prensa Latina, said that the men marched from one end of the base to the other and also marched on the local airport, They reportedly “shouted slogans demanding peace, the end of the U.S, aggres- Sion In Vietnam and the immediate withdrawal of the U.S. troops." At the airport, the Black Gis battled with cops who tried to stop the demonstration, Vietnam (Excerpts from Vietnam Courier, July 21, 1969 No. 226) A group of journalists in Saigon took the decision to stage on July 13 last a hunger strike at the Press Centre as a protest against the brutalities and vexations in- flicted by the U.S, -- puppet po- lice and authorities on newsmen in the fulfilment of their duty, Western agencies reported, This protest campaign began after the ‘rough tactics'’ resorted to by the police in a ceremony organized at Tan Son Nhat on the occasion of the ‘‘repatriation’’ of the first contingent of Gls under the plan for the deceptive with- drawal of 25,000 men of the US expeditionary force decided by * Nixon to hoodwink public opinion. Accoring toanAFP correspondent, on that day, cameramen-reporters were expelled by force of arms from the stand while others were punched in the face, Before this wrath of the news- men,the U& -- puppets had to give in by promising to punish the bullles. However, these promises seem clearly inadequate to placate public opinion, The Thieu-Ky-Huong fas- cist clique, propped up by Wash- ington, continues to encroach upon the freedom of the press and as it is known, withiri™a year, over 3O newspapers have been closed down and many pressmen prose- cuted, jailed or even killed by wicked, thugs: + “te mai wy BRIEFS HANO| HANOI (LNS)-- A US. spy plane was shot down Aug, 14 in Ha Tay province in the Democratic Re- public of Vietnam, Prensa Latina reported, The plane was number 3316 -~ that ts, 3,316 US planes have been shot down over North Vietnamese territory since the be- ginning of the war. South Africa The Vorster regime is pressing ahead with legislation to give sweeping authoritarian powers to the Bureau of State Security, al- ready dubbed BOSS by South Afri- cans, The powers vested In BOSS are similar in many respects to powers vested In the S.S by Hitler soon after he took power in Germany, Once BOSS becomes legalized, nothing this sinister fascist or- ganization disapproves of can be published or raised in court, The press cannot publish or communicate any information re- lating to military, police or security matters ‘‘deemed prejud- icial to the safety of the State." In other words any persor tor- tured in detention can be denied the right to seek redress in court if the Prime Minister or any of- ficial authorised by him issues a certificate preventing any evidence being led on his detention. In other words anything the BOSS does not want publicised or brought to court can now be legally and effectly hushed up. Isreal The United States has delivered 50 Phantom Fighter-Bombers to Zionist Israel. The move is cal- culated to insure American type ‘peace’ In the Middle East -- just as the United States has done in Vietnam. Israel's Prime Minister, Gohld Meir is exspected to visit the United States soon and ask for 25 more Phantoms and an addi- tional 80 Skyhawks. As part of the kick-back, Israel will have to buy the Napalm, (to bomb Arab civilians with) from the United States. The United States is the only country in the world that produces Napalm. Chilz SANTIAGO DE CHILE (LNs) -- Cops broke into the office of Hsinhua (the New China News Agency) in the capital of Chile, and later detained the Hsinhua Bureau Chief, Jorge Palacios, Chilean authorities accused Pala- clos of violations of ‘‘national se- curity’’-laws for his tes to the Left Revolutonary Movement, known as the MIR. Braxal SAQ PAULO, Brazil (LNS) -- Three Sao Paulo TV stations were destroyed by fire between July 13 and 17, signs of the pro-Chinese Organization led by M. Carlos Marigheta and the former Army captain Carlos Lamarca who de- serted January 28 with a truck- load of weapons, SAO PAULO, Brazil (LNs) -- Sao Paulo saw its 28th bank rob- bery of the year Aug. 6, as urban guerrillas stepped up their acti- vities against the military regime, A trio of armed men Uberated $5,000 and took offina car, Prensa Latina reported that there have been 61 political bank robberies in 1969, ~ involving a total of '9712;200. Le cooes* 0n9 4} Ded THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 13, 1969 PAGE 16 LYNCHING By Ho Chi Minh La Correspondence International, No, 59, 1924, It is well known that the black race is the most oppressed and most exploited of the human fami- ly, It Is well known that the spread of capitalism and the discovery of the New World had as an imme- diate result the rebirth of slavery which was, for centuries, a scourge for the Negroes and a bitter dis- grace for mankind, What every- one does not perhaps know, is that after sixty-five years of so- called emancipation, American Negroes still endure atrocious moral and material sufferings, of which the most cruel and horrible is the custom of lynching. The word ‘‘lynching’’ comes from Lynch, Lynch was the name of a planter in Virginia, a land- lord and judge, Availing the con- trol of the whole district Into his lord and judge, Availing himself of the troubles of the War of Independence, he took the control of the whole district into his hands. He inflicted the most savage punishment, without trial or pro- cess of law, on Loyalists and Tories. Thanks to the slave- traders, the Ku Klux Klan, and other secret societies, the illegal and barbarous practice of lynching is spreading and continuing widely in the States of the American Union, It has become more in- human since the emancipation of the Blacks, and is especially directed at the latter. Imagine a furious horde, Fists clenched, eyes bloodshot, mouths foaming, yells, insults, curses... This horde is transported with the FOR MANY wild delight of a crime to be com- mitted without risk They are armed with sticks, torches, re- volvers, ropes, knives, scissors, vitriol, daggers; in a word, with all that can be used to kill or wound, Imagine in this human sea a flotsam of black flesh pushed about, beaten, trampled underfoot, torn, slashed, insulted, tossed hither and thither, bloodstained, dead, The horde are the lynchers, The human rag is the Black victim, In a wave of hatred and bes- tiality, the lynchers drag the Black to a wood or a public place, They tle him to a tree, pour kerosene over him, cover him with inflam- mable materials, While waiting for the fire to be kindled, they smash his teeth, one by one, Then they gaugeout his eyes, Little tufts of srinkly hair are torn from his head, carrying away withthem bits of skin, baring a bloody skull. Little pieces of flesh come off his body, already contused from the blows, The Black can no longer shout: his tongue has been swollen by a red hot fron, His whole body rip- ples, trembling, like a half-crushed snake. A slash with a knife: one of his ears falls to the grund.,., Oh! How black he Is! How awful! And the ladies tear at his face... ‘*Light up,"’ shouts someone. ‘* Just enought to cook him slowly,’’ adds another, The Black is roasted, browned, burned, But he deserves to die _-VIETNAMS On behalf of the Black Panther Party, we would like to express our deepest concern, for a val- iant and courageous leader, of not only the World’s Vanguard exem- plified in the Vietnamese people: but a people who gave to the Black Panther Party the ‘‘will to resist’’ by setting the examples first ag- ainst French Colonialist, that a people with the will to resist will always have insurmuuntable vic- tories. The death of Ho Chi Minh must signal the peoples of the revolutionary camps to step up their wars of resistance against the oppressor of the world, ‘‘U.S, Imverialism’’, This will serve as the only valid concern for a man who spent all of his life fighting the yoke of colonialism, So let our tribute to Ho Chi Minh man- ifest itself in the creation of -one- two-three- many Vietnams, LONG LIVE THE COURAGEOUS PEOPLE OF VIETNAM POWER TO THE PEOPLE SEIZE THE TIME Chief of Staff David Hilliard HO CHI MINH Born: May 19, 1890 twice Instead of once, He is there- fore hanged, or more exactly, what is left of his corpse is hanged, And all those who were not able to help with the cooking applaud now, Hurrah! When everybody has had enough, the corpse is brought down, The TO THE COURAGEOUS VIETNAMESE PEOPLE COMMEMORATING THE DEATH OF HO CHI MINH To die for the fascist imperi- alistic war mongers of the U,S, and others in the world; to die for the oppressive ruling circles of the bourgeoisie exploiters; to die for the capitalistic, aggressive, inhu- mane, atrocious, genocidal re- gimes Is a death lighter than a feather which a destructive wind- storm can blow about at random will. ‘ But to die for the people; to die for the correct socialistic de- velopment of mankind; to die inthe midst of socialistic revolutionary change for human survival; to die for your nation and peoples’ right to self determination in their land, home and communite; to die for the freedom of all from oppressionthat the Black Panther Party has wit- nessed in the proletarian inter- nationalism practiced by the Viet- namese peoples’. revolutionary representatives that we have met; to die after all the great heroic and dedicated years of sacrifice to bring to the world and his people an end to the murderous, stormy winds of capitalism's fascist, ag- gressive imperialism; to die be- cause he loved the people of his nation and humans of the world (and Brother HoChi Minh had prac- ticed this all the days of his life); to die for all of this is a death heavier than the highest mountain in the world of which no, not any destructive fascist imperialistic storm can blow away at will. Who can find the feather or feath- ers that were blown away by the de- structive windstorm? {| can't find any. Who can see the mountains Since the windstorm is gone? J can see many; they still stand, There! That mountain will always stand, and Ho Chi Minh isthat mountain-- a death heavier than Mount Tal. The Black Panther Party of Afro- America, vanguard organization of the coming American Liberation Front. rope Is cut into small pieces which will be sold for three or five dollars each. Souvenirs and lucky charms quarreled over by ladies, ‘‘Popular justice, '' as they say over there, has been done. Calmed down, the crowd congratulate the “‘organizers,'’ then stream away slowly and cheerfully, as Uf after Died: Sept, 2, 1969 a feast, make appointments with one another for the next time. While on the ground, stinking of fat and smoke, a black head, mutilated, roasted, deformed, grins horribly and seems to ask the setting sun, ‘Is this civili- zation?’ “THE MOTIVE FORCE” Uncle Ho was a liberator whose deeds will forever be remembered by the oppressed and exploited of all lands, He was our friend, a friend our country, of of the working people in the Blacks and Chicanos and Native Americans, of all who feel the whip of U.S. im- perialism, Ho Chi Minh devoted his long life to the struggle for Vietnamese national independence, Under his wise leadership, the Vietnamese drove out Japanese and French imperialism, And today they are defeating the mightiest and dead- liest enemy the world has ever known, Yankee imperialism The Vietnamese are proving again that the people can win, The Peace & Freedom Party was born of our own struggle ag- ainst U.S, imperialism, Uncle Ho was our uncle, too, We cherish his memory, PEACE & FREEDOM PARTY OF ALAMEDA COUNTY Lee Coe, Chairman David Cohen, Vice-Chairman /Carl Bangs, Secretary the Party knows that the mass me- dia Iles and misleads the people. The only thing the Party has {s a national organ which needs to be built up to a million eirculation nationally fn Babylon and abroad, I'm sure when our Minister of De- fense, Huey, set the rule that everyone read the news daily and also do two hours daily reading of Party materials, etc., he didn'’ttell magmbers to do this just so you would have some kind of ‘per- sonal” information. No. Huey saw the need to see to it that Party members become equipped with correct revolutionary thought and form the work habits necessary to maintuin a political party to lead the movement In this country. (The strongest instrument of the prole- tarlat must be at the forefront to deal with the immediate situations What's wrong with the rank and and long range struggle), Every ® revolutionary politicians-to- Party member has been studying to What we would expect Is this; S0me extent. Now it's time to fur- thing is that the revolutionary ther develop what Party members Party members must CATCH the re suppose to know correctly tobe tricks of the power structure and functional. All the revolutionary many things along with Its opera- politicians must be able to (or de- tions of pacification, for example, velop to) write and speak tothe peo- The fascists begin to pacify when they see the ranks of their armed bodies or other, which use to be brainwashed, getting hip by re- Sisting, be it in the military or Otherwise, By now, all the Party Members should be hip to the use Of cultural nationalism by the pigs as a means to maintain their ex- Ploitative, oppressive war ma- chine. Party members must havea political perspective on all fronts to the extent that they can damn near or automatically point out tricks, facts, and lestothe mem- bers of the masses IN THE MILI- TARY and those not in it. Check specifically In the establishment news media! Who in the Party is writing an article about the use of cultural nationalism and outright Black racist statements by a fas- cist named General Chapman of the Babylonian Marine Corps? This, of course, with the run of the news items in the regular media, isn’t the only developing situation es- pecially related to the needtoteach the correct methods and Ideas to the masses via the Black Panther Party newspaper and door to door, : face to face community work. As we know, the Party paper sets the correct, or is definitely k - suppose to give, the correct politi- } cal line, Now everyone inthe Party naturally receives nationally the - Party newspaper. From there, the _ Correct political perspective is transferred, by Party members and the Black Panther Party news- Papers, to 85 to 100 thousand peo- Ple around the country. And from there hopefully it might get to afew more million in the Black com- * munities, the white radical left, etc., etc. Who in the Party......2 ‘Maybe we should centralize with Big Mun or someone to see to it ‘that those important situations which develop that must be coun- tered, when {t's a means especially to try and rebrainwash those who resist and other potential support- ers, are written. These articles ‘Should relate to the Party's cor- ‘ line. The Party member or ‘one else who is writing should the Editor know so Big Man ows it's going to be covered, Party members are suppose to | the news everyday, I know ire is a lot of work; but readand assign yourselves a task, Maybe two hours a night or in the morning, andwrite ar- dealing with specific situa- ns that develop. I know some hers and sisters in the Party : write articles. But even her Andrew one night, with all tk he has to do, he sat up ht and pounded out some~ of what he had to say up. But that was be- had to get the Edi- ers had gone up to and taught Reagan's esh in the establish- iS. Don't misunderstand, 't necessarily count on the —- ple, starting now. Another thing is that everyone should write to the Minister and tell him what and how much you understand about his latest arti- cles. Tell him {f the articles en- lighten us. Tell him that, Huey has always been a brother who loves to explain what he means if any Party member has questions, «Prison--Where is Thy Victory?"’ and the one in the Ebony (Black racist) magazine. The articles naturally give righteous political perspective, and we need more from the Minister. Ask Huey to write more. Huey will love that. And Ill bet he responds. David, brother! Has the Party finished editing and printing Huey's taped statement dealing with the peace forces of the movement, yet? You know Party members heard it on tape. But ['m sure you know that it must be printed so we Party members can study it. Another slick talking fascist like Alloto and Nixon has made himself known to the exploited peoples of America. His name is Leonard F. Chapman, a general working for the oppressive ruling class circles in the U.S. Marine Corps, It's really gotten bad. And we the oppressed people should hope that it gets even worse, when the top brass of the military has to try and selltoG. rs cultural nationalism which is a Black racist's narrow-minded form of thinking that supports this oppressive, capitalistic system. This General Chapman has jumpad up and hollered a program out that's similar to the same crap the Nixon attempted to trick Black people with, which was Black capi- talism, eryone nowadays {s rather hip to jive promises that the Allotos, Nixons, Daly’s, and Rea- gans attempt to make capitalistic fools of the Black community. We are well aware of how at one time to be “proud of being Black’* was scroned by the power struc- ture. Then along came Malcolm x. And he was not only proud of being Black, but Malcolm was more pro- gressive than that. He was or be- came 4 revolutionary proletarian who refused to be a Black racist. Listen to his record, *The Last Message.’’ Reading Malcolm's last words one notices how Malcolm be- gan to teach Black people to de- fend themselves and protect them- selves from anyone who attacks. Malcolm also in his last days moved to build the Organization of Afro-American Unity, a needed po- litical organization which was pri- mary in dealing with everyday needs of Black people, such as de- cent housing, better education, clothing, food, etc, Huey P. Newton, the Minister of Defense, has pointed out how whena progressive, revolutionary organ- {zation comes along sincerely serving to teach its people, the ‘ruling class, the govenor will fl- nance cultural nationalism because all they (the cultural nationalists) do is bark and holler about being Black. The reason they will be fi- nanced ts because they are not true revolutionaries," The man (the fascist govenor) will allow the Black racist, cultural nationalists to put on their plays, andthe pover- ty programs will give them grants to play bongos on Black cultural programs. The govenor will dothis In hopes that they will forget about the need to fight the hunger and pig brutality rampant tn our com- munities, They will finance them when an organization like the Black Panther Party comes along that will defend itself against aggres- sion and teach the people to de- defend themselves. Huey said, “The power structure looks at the cultural nationalists as a bunch of barking dogs and looks at the Black Panther Party,’ (especially when 30 million Black people lis= ten to the Party), they look at it like, ‘4a political force destructive to oppressive capitalism which the ruling class maintains, So, what they do is throw a few crumbs to the cultural nationalists to keep them barking. A barking dog doesn’t bite. But they move to kill true revolutionaries like Mal- colm X,"" and Hucy P, Newton, El- dridge, and many other members of the Black Panther Party. They move to put many of us in pri- soas on trumped up charges. But as the Party strengthens with the correct {deas and methods amongst the people, the pigs begin to use these cultural, Black racist, pork chop nationalists as murderers in the same manner as Blacks were used to murder Malcolm X, and in the same manner as Black racists have been used as provocateur a- gents against the Party and are still being used. CONCERNING THE G,f's: Basically, getting down to the nitty gritty, there is the the part of the power structure to move to use “niggas” progressive revolutionaries as much as he can to try and make it look like ‘Black people are just fighting amonyst themselves."" He'll imply or say this on his news broadcast, Not so! Not at all, Now in the mil- itary, there has been some riots between Glack and white soldiers from here to Germany to Vietnam, and especially in Vietnam where Black soldiers see they have no business fighting a war for the fascist ruling class power struc- ture, If Black soldiers can’t get along with white ones, well itbreaks down the fighting capacity on the part of the U,S, military, But Jook: there is another factor, So inany black GI's won't fall into @ trap with this black racism that this fascist demagogic General Chap- man wants and needs, What about all*the Gl's, be they black or white, who are refusing to fight in the war, wiio are seek- ing sanctuary in churches, going AWOL, hiding in other countries, and also there are those who are drafted who actually refuse to go. [| even saw a4 front page headline one day where it said over 100,000 A.W,.O,L,"s. I don’t remember the exact figure, but this is important to notice, A large portion of G.I,'s in the U.S, military don’: want any part of this war, They want out. G,L"s even have underground newspapers. The Black Panther Party gets many letters expressing complete dissent from American G.L's, All in all, there is great dissent among American G.1,'s, both black and white, brown and red, General Chapman's Black racist program--(a real summation of what he didy Chapman has told Black G,I,’s that they can have some ‘“‘soul music’’ in the juke box and wear natural Afro" hair if they stop being discontent by raising the clinched fist, which Chapman wrongly described saying and implying that it was a "Black Power salute'’, only, No, Not the case, wie latter, The clinched fist need on sa “Power to the People" salute. black community. Just before he sa there is 4 two-fold purpose would send in pareuopees ie here on the part of the power kill black people, Lyndon Johnson structure in doing this, One is to would say, uwe cannot, and will try and co-op the clinched fist not tolerate ft, This same general, salute and tell brothers in the Chapman, works with and for Nixon, military that it means ‘Black and did the same for Lying Baines Power" which has already been Johnson who kept the war going for ’ co-opted by the Nixon regime to the four years he was a rotten mean Black capitalism which really President. Lyndon Baines Johnson breeds more black racism. Two, is a greedy, exploiting, avaricious to limit the clinched fist salute to businessman and was a demagogic, only Black people by trying to get lying politician, General Chapman it identified with Afro hair cuts.is a running dog for the ruling and “soul music’’ in a juke box: circles, In fact, being a general so it won't spread beyond Black puts him in the category of being soldiers to white GI's who are a member of the actual ruling class beginning to show great lissent by circles which oppresses and ex- relating to revolutionary ideology ploits us, the masses of the labor- such as ‘*Power to the People’. ing people, unemployed or em- Once a white G.1. gets the correct ployed, meaning to the saying, ‘Power to 1 was in the military once and the People,” he is going to rem- because I opposed racism in the ember that old phrasing theytaught top brass, a Lt, Colonel, I was him in school which is the same placed in the stockade for six in essence to ‘'Power tothe months and kicked out with what People."’ That old saying is,“"Gov- they call a ‘“‘bad conduct ernment of the people, by the people, discharge". 1 was told that when and for the people."’ Now, when I got out, (I bad served a full it’s placed in a proper perspective 4 years, lacking one month to go), one can see that this capitalist they said I wouldn't be able to government is not of, by, and for yet a job and that | should accept the people. How can it be when the fact that it was my fault that 30 million Black people don’t have 1 received a 39-17 B.C,D category human rights, which we have been discharge. 1 told the fool that there demanding for 400 years. It can't wasn’t any jobs out there for black be a government by the people people before | came in the service when fascist cops brutalize and and asked him what the hell he murder black and white people who meant by thinking that 1 was sup- circulated petitions to keep posed to be upset by him saying Eldridge out of prison, When young that, Then he said | was “being white GI's denounce the military smart."’ I sure was. | was smart for the aggressive war on Vietnam enough to know that there weren't and. also. the racism within any jobs for the masses of black the military against black soldiers, people. Gut just to prove | was then it's time to get a demagogic 4 good worker, I got a whole lot (lying, misleading) fascist general of jobs. They would fire me when like Leonard Chapman to come out they found out I had a §,C.D, 1 and say some crap like there has didn’t care because the work | was been some “racial strife’’ and doing was aiding their war machine, we're going to give you black boys I began to realize this when | met some “soul music’’ and let you Huey P. Newton, I became more “wear Afro hair cuts,"' Then he aware by studying and reading and acts like this is the end of all trying to help organize resistance “racial strife’', where black Gi's of some kind against the oppression are suppose to forget aboutthe pov- that the ruling class circles main- erty and brutality they receive in tained upon the heads of the labor- the wretched ghettos, and white ing masses (be they employed or Gl's are suppose to say to them- unemployed) G,I,.°s, Black, Brown, selves, “‘Is that what the Black Red, White, any color, are workers, GI's wanted? Soul music and But they work most directly with Afro hair cuts?’ No, Look at it the fascist aggressive war machine in a broader perspective, The next of America named by Eldridge thing the dogs will be lying about Cleaver as **Babylon.”* to the GI's is about Ho Chi Minh’s So, for those Black Gi's who death, if they ain't already doing need an understanding of how this it. They will be telling black GI's capitalistic system works against that the Black Panther Party doesn’t black and all poor, oppressed exist anymore, which is a lie, as people, not only at home but also everyone who reads this article In yenocide abroad, | would like to the Ijlack Panther Party Newspaper point out number 6 of the Black testifies to, and especially all you Panther Party's Program: brothers in the military who are , reading this issue, Brothers, don't "We want all black men to be forget to give this paper to the exempt from military service, white, red, brown and other black We believe that Black people GI's who need to read this infor- should not be forced to fight in mation, Huy S more copies and a military service to defend a maybe take out some subscriptions racist yovernment that does not for some people you know who protect us, We will not fight and should readthe Black Panther Party kill other people of color in the Newspaper. Don't useyour military world who, like black people, are address, Ilave it sent home then being victimized by the white racist repackaged and sent to you, so government of America, We will you can make sure you receive it. protect ourselves from the force \ picture of Chapman, the dem- and violence of the racist police agogic, fascist general, is in the and the racist military by whatever paper and under his name in the means necessary." San Francisco Chronicle he is quoted as saying, ‘Total impart- iality,’’ This is meanttomeanfrom POWER the article that ‘officers’ are to BORHY use “‘tutal imoartiality in dealing with Marines of all races, colors and creeds,"""'to dispel the racial problems that currently exist," Sounds just like Tricky Dick Nixon to ine, Chapman went on about see “True freedom cannot b in be born until At patie ae pressive /forces of the state be tolerated,” But lremember when **Lynching"’ Baines Johnson would react to Black rebellions in the - ™ = = al OT A OO FT EDITOR's NOTE: The following article Is taken from the appeal prepared by the attorneys defending Huey P Newton, Minister of Defense of the Black Panther Party. Huey‘s, attorneys have moved to have the. case reviewed by the Court of Appeals of the State of California. The Black Panther News Paper will print the appeal in part-- “very week to give the people all dhe facts as to why Huey P. Newton should be set free immediately, Prejudice operates to incline the jury to believe fll of the defendant and to disbelieve his testimony and those of black witnesses for the defense, especially when their testi- mony conflicts with that of white prosecution witnesses. (See Myrdal, supra, at 550-52; Broeder, supra, 1965 Duke L.J. 60 Harv, L_R.; (29) Tucker, Racial Discrimination in Jury Selection in Virginia,’ 52 Va, L, Rev, 736, 742-44 (1966), FOOTNOTE (28) The United States Supreme Court, federal and state cases prohibiting exclusion of a racially or significantly identifiable group from Jury panels do not rest upon an explicit finding that white persons are racist or prejudiced against Negroes, Now, following the official findings of the Kerner Report by the President's offictal National Advisory Commission, even more stringent controls of the discriminatory result are required. If 7 our of 10 white persons or any percentage even approaching that figure were racially biased against the defendant, a fair trial could not be had as the result of any selection process which systematically, through a series of steps, from use of voters’ roll through peremptory challenge, sub- stantially underrepresented black people on the actual trial jury. (29) Where jury deliberations have become known, overt prejudice toward blacks has been revealed (1965 Duke L J, 21-24). END FOOTNOTE Challenges for cause cannot keep juries free from un- conscious prejudice or from prejudice which the venire- man, through embarrassment or otherwise, ts unwilling to admit publicly on voir dire. Irvin v. Dowd, 366 U.S. 77, 728, 81 S, Ct, 1639 (196), (30) See also Broeder, “Yolr Dire Examination: An Empirical Study,'* 38 So, Cal, L. Rev, 503, 523 (1965), concurring with uncontro- verted testimony given in the instant case by Professor -Nevitt Sanford, Ph,D., and Bernard Diamond, M D,, on unconscious racism and difficulty of ascertaining both ‘unconscious and wilfully withheld attitudes of racism through ordinary techniques of voir dire (K T, 227-28, 308-09), The am contemplates that in finding facts, individual jurors will make lke inferences and reach like conclusions in tuations, regardless of who the parties are. This per e the case frihere is prejudice in one population BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 13, 1969 PAGE 18 group against another, and the fact finding process ts hampered further if members of the prejudiced group have an excessive {mpact through over-representation on juries, (Broeder, supra, 1965 Duke LJ at 22-24; Tucker, Supra, at 742-45; and note, for example, that the authors of the 1890 Mississipp! Constitution belleved Negroes to be ‘‘given rather to furtive offenses than to the more robust crimes of the whites.’’ (Ratliff V. Beale, 74 Miss, 247, 266, 20 So. 865, 868 (1896) The prosecution herein made no attempt to refute or dispute the findings of the Kerner Report, or of the soclolo- gists who testified herein or submitted the brief amicus curlae, or, indeed, to deny that group prejudice exists to some degree in the great majority of white citizens against black people, Since jury discrimination tends to exclude Negroes and other disfavored groups, the result is to Increase the amount of prejudice against such groups on juries so that the prejudice is even more concentrated on juries than In the general population, Exclusion of jurors opposed to capital punishment further concentrates on the jury persons who are racially prejudiced (R.T 183-85), The fair trial thus depends not upon whether Negroes are excluded by way of original selection from the voter lists, or by way of the jury commissioner's excuses for em- ployers’ convenience, (3]) or because as wage-earners they cannot afford to serve, or because they are challenged per- emptorily, but upon whether Negroes actually serve on the trial jury itself in reasonably proportional percentages of their representation in the adult population, FOOTNOTE (30) ‘No doubt each juror was sincere when he sald that he would be fair and impartial to petitioner, but psychological impact requiring such a declaration before one’s fellows Is often its father.’ (Opinion of the Court, per Mr, Justice Clark, 81 S.Ct, at 1645), (31) In People v, Tripp, Superior Court of San Diego , County, No. Cr, 14790, the panel was quashed because the practice of excusing employees for trivial excuse and for the convenience of the employer was found to result In substantial underrepresentation of Negroes on the master panel, END FOOTNOTE Under prevailing law, it is immaterial whether exclusion results from a state law or from the discriminatory appll- cation Of statutory selection criteria which are on their face non-discriminatory. ‘‘Along and unbroken line oi our decisions since (Strauder v, West Virginia, 100 U.S, 303 potential jury service simply by use of voters’ registration rolls, Such a result is prohibited by the policy of the Federal Jury Selection Act and by the Constitution, END FOOTNOTE In Anderson vy, Alabama, 366 US 208, 81 S,Ct, 1050 (1966), supra, the Court summarily reversed a state court finding of no discrimination where 10% of the veniremen were Negro in a county where more than half of those elligi- ble were Negro. In Whitus v. Georgia, 385 U.S, 545 (1967) the Court reversed a conviction where 42% of the eligible population, 27% of the taxpayers from whom jury lists were drawn, and 9% of the lists themselves were Negro, finding these figures under the circumstances in question to constitute a prima facie case of discrimination, In Mitchell v, Johnson, 250 F Supp. 117 (Ala, 1966), the court held that the “wide disproportion’’ ofa jury list 35.7% Negro in a county whose population was 82% Negro re- quired the state to explain its origin as non-discriminatory (which the state failed to do), The Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circult has described disproportionate represen- “tation giving rise to prima facie cases of discrimination in terms of “significant discrepancy’’ and ‘‘ very decided vari- ations’’ (Davis v, Davis, supra; Labat v, Bennett, 365 F.2d 698, 712 (Sth Cir, 1966), cert den 386 U.S, 991, 87 S.Ct. 1303 (1967); United States ex rel. Seals v. Wiman, 304 F.2d 53, 67 (Sth Cir, 1962), Voter lists which are themselves a product of discrimina- tion may not constitutionally be used as sole sources of jurors, United States ex rel, Goldsby v. Harpole, 263 F.2d 71, 78 (Sth Cir. 1959); White v. Crook, 251 F, Supp, 401, 404-05 (Ala, 1966); Harper v, State, 251 Miss, 699, 171 So, 24 129 (1965). The use of voter registration lists has been upheld in Boston and New York because those not registered were not shown to constitute a racial, economic, political or other identifiable group, United States ¥. Bowe, 360 F.2d 1, 7 (2d Cir. 1966); Gorin v. United States; 313 F.2d 641 (Ist Cir. 1963); United States v, Greenberg, 200 F.Supp, 382 (S.D.N_Y, 1961), In Bowe, no evidence was adduced and no hearing held on the allegation that the petit jury array systematically excluded Negroes. The original motion to quash the Indict- ment on the ground that the grand jury was improperly selected for systematic racial exclusion was not supported by any evidence or affidavit, A renewed motion to quash the indictment was supported only by an affidavit by one of the attorneys, based on “discussions with former jurors, the deputy clerk in charge of juries, and ‘information sup- plied by political figures and the United States census bur- eau’ *' (360 F.2d at 6), The affidavit filed in support of the second motion contained only conclusory allegations and stated the attorney's opinion that Negroes, Puerto Ricans and blue collar workers were grossly unrepresented on the (1880) ) has reiterated this principle, regardless of whetherfederal jury panels. On appeal, appellants did not attack the discrimination was embodied in statute or was apparent from the administrative practices of state jury selection officials, and regardless of whether the system for depriving defendants of their rights was ‘ingenious or ingenuous,’ "' Patton v, Mississipp!, 332 US. 463,465-66,68S Ct, 184, 186 (1947), Where there is striking disparity betwoen the proportion of Negroes chosen for jury duty and the proportion of Ne- groes in the eligible population, the burden is on the state to rebut the presumption that discrimination has been the cause, Hernandez v. Texas, 347 U.S. 475, 74 S.Ct, 667 (1954); Patton v. Mississippi, supra: Smith v. Texas, 31! U.S. 128, 130-31, 61 S.Ct. 164 (1940); Norris v, Alabama, 294 U.S, 587, 55 S.Ct. 579 (1935); Neal v, Delaware, 103 U.S. 370, 26 L_Ed. 567 (1880); Davis v. Davis, 361 F.2d 770, 7783 (Sth Cir, 1966); State v. Anderson, 205 La, 710, 18 So, 2d 33 (1944); Bass v. State, 254 Miss, 723, 182 So, 2d 59) (1966), Defendant Newton urged the court that upon the showing of disproportion here the burden be shifted to the state (R.T 327). Not only the motion to quash the venire, and the motion for mistrial after the jury was impaneled, but relief requiring the prosecution to rebut the presumption was also denied (R,T, 344). Denial of said motions was error, under prevailing de- cisions and the policy of the United States as set forth in the Federal Jury Selection Act, which requires supplemen- tation of voters’ rolls where necessary toenforce rights and to effectuate the policy of the Act not to exclude persons on account of race, color or economic status, (32) FOOTNOTE (32) The Act provides (28 U.S.C_A, 1861): ‘it is the policy of the United States that all Htigants in Federal courts entitled to trial by jury shall have the right to grand and petit juries selected at random from a fair cross section of the commu- nity in the district or division wherein the court convenes, It is further the policy of the United States that all citizens shall have the opportunity to be considered for service on grand and petit juries in the district courts of the United States, and shall have an obligation to serve as jurors when summoned for that purpose,"’ 28 U S.C_A, 1862 provides: "No citizen shall be excluded from service as a grand or petit juror in the district courts of the United States on account of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, or economic status,”’ The Act requires that there be: ™. . , some other source or sources of names in addition to voter lists where necessary to foster the policy and protect the rights secured by sections 1861 and 1862 of this title."* (28 U.S.C.A. 1863 (b) (2),) The prosecution's reliance upon the Act as a justification for exclusive use of the voters’ rolls (R.T, 239-40), was thus misplaced, Rather, the Act itself provides thatwherever necessary to effectuate the rights and policies of the Act, supplemental sources must be used, and sets forth specific examples appropriate to such areas as the District of Columbia (suggesting the city directory) and the districts of Puerto Rico and the Canal Zone. The Act's policy of ensuring that each county, parish, or similar political sulxdivision within the district or division is substantially proportionally represented In the master jury wheel would, if correctly applied here, prohibit the practices herein whereby the identifiable black com- munity of West Oakland is lost in a county having vast areas of white suburbs (see map In sub-section |, g, this section). These white subdivisions of Alameda County share no cultural or ractal affinity with West Oakland, From the defendant's district, 47.5% of the adults were excluded from the formal method of selecting grand jury members from voter registration lists and conceded the constitutionality of that source. In Gorin, the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit held that voting lists could be used as a basis for jury selection unless it appeared that in the community there was systematic and Intentional exclusion fron: (those lists of a particular economic, social, religious, racial, geo- graphical or political group. Considering the problem in 1963, the court rejected the argument that eligible persons who did not register to vote constituted a ‘‘political’’ group in the community, The decision was prior to the enactment of the Federal Jury Selection Act and prior to the findings of the Kerner Report, No evidence was presented to the Gorin court concerning the racial or other characteristics of those persons not registered to vote, The court pointed out that the group (of those not registered) ‘has no distinct or definable outlines’’ and noted that there was no showing of exclusion of any enumerated class, In Greenberg, the District Court for the Southern Dis- trict of New York held that appellant had not sustained his burden of showing that primary (not exclusive) reli- ance on lists of registered voters was not reasonably de- signed to produce a fair cross-section of the community. Some names were also obtained, in Greenberg, from city directories and real estate listings. The defendant there urged that the 30% of the population not registered to vote constituted, a fortiori, a cognizable class called ‘‘the politically dormant,’ The court held that in making a chal- lenge to the ‘‘required and accepted standards’’ for jury selection, a party must Introduce or offer ‘‘distinct evi- dence’ in support of his challenge (Id., at 387), This de- fendant Newton did. Greenberg was likewise pre-Kerner Report and prior to the Federal Jury Selection Act which changed the *‘required and accepted standards."’ In none of these cases was there a showing of exclusion of a cognizable class by use of the voter registration lists. The uncontroverted testimony in this case established that Negroes of defendant's ghetto area were under-represented by as much as 29.5%, and Negroes were under-represented county-wide by as much as 17.3%. No such showing, or any showing, was made in the Boston or New York cases. As in United States v. Harpole, supra, defendant Newton did show a wide discrepancy between Negroes eligible to vote and Negroes registered to vote, which was held to raise a presumption against the state in Harpole, The existence of an identifiable minority is considered a question of fact. Hernandez v, Texas, 347 U.S. 475, 74 S.Ct, 667, supra, The poor have been judicially declared to be a cognizable class. Griffin v. Mlinois, 351 U.S, 12, 76 S.Ct. 585 (1956), (32) FOOTNOTE (32) So have members of the Catholic faith, Juarez y, State, 102 Texas Cr, 277, SW. 1091 (1925), and those who do not believe in a Supreme Being, Schowgurow v. State, 240 Md, 121, 213 A. 24 475 (1965) neither of which groups are more culturally identifiable, distinct or Significant than the black urban poor of West Oakland and other northern ghettoes today, END FOOTNOTE CONT. NEXT ISSUE — —_—- ' KANSAS CITY BREAKFAST FOR CHOOL School- acommonsense The Breakfast for Children Program, socialist program, will be resumed in Kansas City immediately. Al- though the Black Panther Party in Kansas City fed over 700 children every day last semester, the op- pressive conditions that continue poverty still exist. The Breakfast will be expanded to include more children (hunger is everywhere). Connected with the Breakfast will be a Liberation School for the children emphasizing some of the better-known revolutionary figures during slavery, Malcom X, the Black Panther Party’s 10 Point Platform Program, and rev olutionary songs, We expect a lot of s--t to be thrown at us bec- FREE The Black Panther Party, ines- tablishing and expanding the Peo- ples Free Breakfast Programs a- cross this country has encountered many harassments, attempts at sabotage, and co- - option, But never before has the program been has- sled and possibly held up by a **Play-House-School”’ exclusively for four year olds. Panthers, who've worked all summer implementing the first Liberation School in Berkeley, are now faced with an unheard-of at- tempt to place a ‘'Play-House- School’’ program over the Free Breakfast Program, where chil- dren of all ages can enjoy one hot, nutritous meal to start off their School day The basic contradiction Nes in an attitude, purely selfish, lib- eral attitude held by a few in- dividuals who are running the “Play-House-School" program, Upon hearing of the end of our Summer program, the Liberation School, a rumor was started that the Liberation School and the Breakfast Program were one and the same, and the program ended with the closing of the Liberation School. This was done to create misunderstanding between Pan- thers and the Board of Trustees of the Good Shepherd Church. One of these “'super-liberals’’, Teddy Knight, a former ‘worker: for the government, even went so far as to take cold ‘sandwiches, cocoa, and donuts to a bus-stop a few blocks away under the disguise of con- tinuing the ‘‘Breakfast Program". Since when has cold sandwiches feplaced hot grits, eggs, bacon, toast, and hot chocolate? This op- Portunist move was done without the approval of the Board of Trustees of the Church who had voiced their desire to ‘‘see what the Panthes planned to do first’. and CHILDREN ause of this but revolutionary ideas killed off. When these children see oppression ploitation more clearly the ideas taught them in their childhood about revolutionary self-confidence, knowledge of self will form a basis from which can carry revolution to completion and con- solidation, cannot be and ex- socialism, one another, and they the ALL POWER;:TO THE BREAK- FAST PROGRAM ALL POWER TO THE FUTURE REVOLUTIONARIES PREE ALL> POLITICAL PRIS- ONERS Keith Hinch Dep, Minister of Education love for On the very first a Uttle brother here, an tered into the breakfast program in South Phily, 1 saw a warrior come into the breakfast fighting. But after he got a taste of the Sister's good cooking, he decided to become cool and check the things out. After the brother dug the fact that we were working in the interest of the people, and we rapped to him about youth making Revolution he decided that the Panthers were alright. Brother Renen went on to explain to him For all practical purposes the dream of Martin Luther King, Jr. may be realized under the present military industrial regime. In Kansas City the opposites have truly manifested themselves. The Bobby Hutton Free tlealth Clinic is getting off to a rather slow Start but this is only because of the repression and terror that is never entrenced in the Black Community, | Our contacts out-of-state have ar- ranged for some dedicated medical cadre to come to Kansas City to give us some new Ideas ways to solve some administrative problems. Despite all difficulties, the Kansas City Chapter the Black Panther Party, like all other Chapters, has received inspiration from the boundless re of the and new of serves THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 13, 1969 PAGE 19 RIGHT ON YOUTH, RIGHT ON REVOLUTION about the Free Breakfast Program, and as you know we are here to educate by example and by giving the Brother a second help- ing, (of grits) he really began to dig all that was happening and be- came a beautiful brother. We really feel that Brother Timmy and the rest of his comrades will play thelr part In the making of Rev- olution... / And taken from the quo- tations of Chairman Mao on Youth, THE WORLD IS YOURS, ASWELL AS OURS, BUT IN THE LAST A- NALYSIS IT’S YOURS, YOU YOUNG FREE YOU, YOU, FUTURE BELONGS TO YOU, . PEOPLE, FULL OF VIGOUR AND VITALITY, ARE IN THE BLOOM OF LIFE, LIKE THE SUN AT EIGHT OR NINE IN THE MORN- ING, OUR HOPE IS PLACED ON THE WORLD BELONGS TO THE BLACK COLONY’S Rolando (Montae) Hearn ALL POWER TO YOUTH ALL POWER TO THE FREE HUEY FREE BOBBY RIGHT ON PEOPLE LTH CLINIC people and we are continuing the Struggle to make the People's Free Health CUnic a working reality. FOOD OR FAIRY TAL The Head Start/or Coordinator of the School, a liberal In the true sense of the word, was unmove- able, refusing to entertain the pos- sibility of the two programs run- ning concurrently, Her main ob- Jections was that ‘her school was to take children away from slum conditions and environment’’, and ‘mixing children of all ages would mean ALL the children of the neighborhood coming in.’* She voiced a fear of the neighborhood children tearing up and destroy- ing her make-believe flowers, pic- tures, and toys. Hungry children cannot eat fake flowers, pictures, or toys, Her attitude is a good example of the privileged class coming into an oppressed area to “spread a bit of sunshine’ with their presence,- their unreal, make-believe programs, that con- tinue only to fill our youth with false values, and delusions of ma- terlal things which they'll never be able to possess in this Capi- talistic Society Since members of the Trustee Board refuse to accept their re- sponsibility to the community, and are content to avoid the issue with delaying tactics, and not face the serious problem of feeding hun- gry children, and thereby provid- ing the solution to a real need in the community, a definite stand must be taken, We understand the necessity of feeding hungry children through- out our neighborhoods and thereby meeting the real needs of the com- munity, and not perpetuating our oppression with ideals and fllu- sions of materialistic bulls--t, The people of the West Berke- ley Community wanta F ree Break- fast Program. The needs and de- sires of the community should take precedence over White Liberal Ego Trips bent on setting up make- belleve and false programs and projects which continue to place our youth behind and out of con- tact with reality. While there is no comparison of the two programs, they can still complement each other, A Free Breakfast Is the perfect way to start off any program, whether it's educational or enjoyment, So FASCISM \* re), ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE Keith Hinch Dep. Minister of Education ??? a” we want the support and active assistance of the People to put forth a Peoples Program, We want all persons LUving in the West Berkeley Area to come and take part In a basic program to ful- fill a basic need. The Breakfast Program at the Church of the Good Shepherd needs your support and help! All Interested persons are asked to come to Church of the Good Shepherd, 9th and Hearst Sts., Ber- keley California, to help feed the hungry children in our community, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE FEED THE HUNGRY CHILDREN AND SEIZE THE TIME! Shirley Hewitt : rr * — THE FORT JACKSON FIGHT: (lef to right) Andrew Pulley, Falilberio Chaparro, Tommie Woodfin, Dominick Duddic THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 13, 1%9 PAGE 20 —_— ae samy, ‘’ ¥ = doc Cole, Jose Rudder (hidden), Delmar Thomas, Curtis FE. Mays, BLACK MARINES APPEAL HARSH SENTENCES - FOR SPEAKING OUT AGAINST WAR Two black marines from Bro- oklyn, Lance Corporal William tarvey, Jr. and Pfc, George Dudels, were sentenced to sixand 10 years hard Jabor respectively for making statements against the ‘war in Vietnam to fellow Marines. Their courtmartial which attracted almost no publicity at the time, took place at Camp Pendleton, California on July 7, 1967. Harvey and Daniels were 18 and 19 years old at the time and have already served a year and a half of their sentence. Their appeal which was argued before the Military Board of Review at Washington, DC, on March 6, 1969, has brought the case to public attention, The two marines were court- martialed for statements made to about 20 fellow marines in infor- mal bull sessions which took place after noon and evening chow on July 27, 1967, at Camp Pendleton The soldiers discussed the fact that the war in Vietnam was a white man's war and that black people should not have to fight in it and that they would have to DESERTER TELLS: come back from Vietnam and fight the white man at home, They decided to request Captain's Mast, the Marine procedure for request- ing to see the Commanding Of- ficer to present their grievances and protest their grievances and protest being sent to Vietnam. On July 28, 14 men in a unit being trained for combat in Viet- nam although not on orders to go, requested to see the CO. They were unsuccessful but at the time a sergeant spoke to the men and took statements from Harvey and Daniels. None of the Marines disobeyed an order or refused to be shipped out to Vietnam. Twenty days later the Marines were ar- rested and charged with promoting disloyalty among the troops. Three months later on November 27, 1967 they were both convicted at a court martial where they were represented by Marine lawyers, Daniels was found guilty of vio- lating a provision of the Smith Act of 1940 which makes it a crime for any person to attempt “to cause insubordination, dis- ‘WHY | LEFT THE ARMY ’ First I would like to say that IT am an Afro-American, I want to let you, the reader, know, blacks in the army have more reason to leave than whites. Like most of you, | joined the army, 1 joined because | had come to a point in my life where | was faced with a problem of what I wanted to be. In high school I spent most of my time In sports and really did not feel ready for college or anything like that. So I made the decision of going to the army, As soon as | entered basic training | could sense the racisin inside of this army, But at this time I said to m5self that is was harassment, which ts just a word to take the place of racism, After basic and something called on the job training, I was sent to my duty station in the States, [ stayed there a year before 1 had to re-enlist in order to get out of going to Vietnam. At this point I just didn’t want to die, Because of this I began to think about what was really going on over there, Being in the service, | never found the tnfor- mation | wanted, and became con- fused. In Europe I decided to drop out, for more and more my eyes were being opened, Statloned in Germany | began to look at what eechne. vests 38, Twatehed people them for little or no reason at ail, Then I decided to fight these Army Pigs back, I tried first by quitting the job they gave me. Then every chance I got todisagree with some of their policies I did. They told me no underground papers like The Black Panther, sol read them, I wore my hair the way I wanted, They tried to stop me from wear- ing my hair long, but every time they told me to cut it, | simply tamed it, which made them even madder, But there was a Revolution that I knew little or nothing about. A Black Revolution, Here | was stuck in the enemy's army, That's right in the enemy's army, if you don't think they are your enemy, look what's going on today, Those pigs are killing blacks Uke hell, In the army they put you in jail or kill you, or even kill you in jail, But mostly they send you to Vietnam, dead up on the front lines to die for the Pig or the black that's killing our brothers. To die for the businessman that Is starving our kids, And when we get ready to take what belongs to us, whose Side are you going to be on? The time is now to prepare ourselves. They are ready to try and force us but we need unity, we need you, Frenchy A.D,C.—France loyalty, mutiny or refusal of duty’’ by a serviceman. Harvey was acquitted of this charge but was convicted of violating the general article of the Uniform Code of Military Justice which punishes ‘fall disorder and neglects to the prejudice of good order and discipline." Specifically, be was found quilty of ‘making disloyal statements with Intent to promote disloyalty among the troops,"* Their lawyer, Ed Sherman, pointed out that this was the first case where servicemen were court-martialed for statements against the war when no action or refusal of orders resulted from the statements. He said, ‘‘There was no mutiny, nobody disobeyed orders -- there was no disobed- fence at any time, yet both of these men were given the max- imum possible under the law,"’ The.Naval Board of Review red- uced Daniels’ sentence from ten to four years in a dicision handed down on March 6, 1969, Harvey's decision is now pending. The laws which these marines GUN FAS A Black Marine found himself subject to disciplinary measures, after wearing a button portraying the Minister of Defense, Huey P. Newton and the words ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE! It’s common knowledge that the mean- ing behind these words are fright- ening to the Fascist power struc- ture. It makes them blow their cool, The U.S.M.C is famed for were charged with violating are clearly not constitutional and a violation of their first amendment right to talk to other servicemen and convince them of their point of view. Sherman ts also introduc- ing the argument that the element of racism entered into the unduly harsh sentences that were given. Capt. Lester G, Fant lll, who argued for the Marine Corps, said Daniels and Harvey had created “an extra - Ordinarily dangerous situation’ by urging the black marines to ‘‘stick together’’ in their refusal to go to Vietnam, Captain Fant compared this to a ‘“‘wildeat strike’ In civillan life. It is obvious that the brass, like the politicians and the union bure- aucrats get particularly up tight when black people get themselves together, especially over such an explosive issue as Vietnam, Reprinted from the G.I Alliance for Peace, Massachusetts Civilian Cambridge, its record achievements In lunacy and murder, it's a sure bet that the Marine Corp will not be able to disguise political repression as ‘“pa- triotism'’ or ‘‘tradition’’ even if John Wayne and his Hollywood Henchman live another 100 years. ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE lf Blacks don't work, nobody works. NEW YORK (LNS)-- Blacks have recently stopped construction on a total of $930 million worth of pro- jects in Pittsburgh, Chicago, and Amherst, N.Y in an all-out mill- tant effort to get into the build- ing trades unions, They are threatening more demonstrations in Milwaukee, Cleveland, and Bos- ton, The A.F.L.-C10., were very uptight about the Blacks’ unreal- istic demands, has cited the pro- gress it has made in getting Blacks into apprenticeship pro- grams, Blacks reply that these efforts are mere tokenism, main- taining that even if a Black man goes through a complete appren- ticeship program, he still is de- nied entrance to the unions. Black membership in the building trades ulons averages about two percent, DRAFT CASES — SNAG U.S. COURTS LIBERATION News Service OAKLAND, Calif (LNS) -- A hard rain is falling on the ric- kety world of Lewis B, Hershey, There is mushrooming discontent with the process whereby the Army kidnaps innocent young men, kicks them in the balls, cuts off their hair, and sends them to fight ele- phant grass and the local popu- lace in distant Southeast Asian jun- gles-- that's right, the draft. The hatred of the draft has generated a rash of challenges in the courts which threaten to cripple, if not destroy, the Selective Service Sys- tem of America, Inc, They've got a permanent FBI man stationed here at the Oakland Army Induction Center, who does nothing but deal with the average of ten refusals per day, Maybe he also gets some ghoulish thrill from watching the half-clothed unwilling induction meat inspection, but his job is to take care of those who refuse to step forward to take their vows, He pops up, raps down — their rights in a routine mumble, fills out a few of his forms, and starts the ball of repression roll- ing. Admittedly, Oakland is a heav- ler scene than most, In October’ 1967, West Coastactivists mounted a militant Stop-the-Draft-Week at- tack on the Oakland Induction Cen- ter, marking the introduction of the new mobile, hit-and-run ap- proach to mass demonstrations, And the Panthers have seen fit to set up their National Head- quarters in Oakland, But Oakland's draft resistance In getting to beas American as apple ple. Dig these statistics from Uncle Sam: From July to December of 1967 there were 746 Federal Iindict- ments handed down all across the nation on charges of resisting the draft: falling to register, falling to take the oath, and the like. In the next six-month period -- from January to June, 1969 -- the number had gone up to 1080 in- dictments. And in the last half of 1968, the number of indict- ments nationwide had jumped to 1492. Thus, in all of 1968, one per- cent of the quarter of a million men drafted by the Army, got their cases all the way into the belly of that sluggish monster known as the Federal Court System, When 2472 tiny time-capsules go off in the blood stream of the sorry behemoth, the poor thing kadaaie a down. On July 1, 1969, some 2958 cri- minal cases were pending In all Federal courts involving various violations of the draft laws -- mostly men refusing induction, That's 15 percent of all criminal cases on the Federal dockets. In Washington, Justice Depart- ment statisticlans are gloomy. The backlog in the courts runs at least one year on draft cases even though by law they have the top priority of all criminal mat- ters. In the attempt to reduce the backlog, the reluctant inductees are often offered a chance to re- pent just before the trial begins, But cases continue to pile up faster than the courts can han- dle them, More than 5000‘‘delinquencies’" are under investigation, and thousands more await discovery. If the trend continues, and the in- — vestigations produce more and — more indigtmentseach month,even — the current stopgap measure ot special Judges in overw dis- tricts to hear nothing em trial arguments in di cases m not be enough, a 4 . oe - -