Vol. 3, No. 23

IME BLAGK FAATHER 2: Black Community News Service THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 2 ~ GROUNDWORK FOR FASCISM America has taken step one of Fascisnr relatively calmly. Amidst afew murmers of ‘‘death of free- dom of the press”, the fascist power structure, formerly con- doned and supported by the mass media, has turned on irs former lap-dogs. Needless to say the mass media and the Chicago power struc- ture have never gotten along to well, The relationship was similar to that of a banker and a whore with the media doing all the flat- backing. But alas the flloosies have been kicked out of the bed, and with memories of the last ‘*con- vention beuting fresh in their memories, they have remained, in the main, dutifully silent, The mass media has not been able nor seen fit to defend the Constitution when it is applied to members of the Black Panther Party, S.D.S., The Young Lords, Los Siete de la Raza, Ahmed Evans , and a multitude of other “‘nega- tive elements''(It is neither a se- cret nor a surprise that news cov- erage of the years of repression has been more concerned with pro- fic than truth.) Ik is a strange paradox or a cruel joke thar now the “‘Constitution’’ offers no aid or help to those who did not de- fend it, With the arrest Friday of nine newsmen in Chicago for allegedly violating the picture taking-broadcasting ban, the Fed- eral Government proved that free- dom of. the press is at best a Some-time thing depending on the whims of the ruling class. Strange how most papers, radio, and T.V, Stations found this blatant act of ‘fascism only of secondary import- ance, if any at all. The fact that “it could never happen in America” _ was not debated pro or con; the fact that this “‘ban"’ was formerly confined to ‘*Nazi Germany*’ or ‘racist South Africa’’ was also easily ignored. This failure of the human senses in men, who have professional repu- tations for being sharp, can only be viewed as cowardice or com- Plicity. While this same ‘'profes- sion" failed to give proper con- text to thelr own miserable plight, they were on their jobs when it came time to spread *‘approved"’ government-issue Les Black Panther Party, Lords, and the Young Patriots allegedly ‘‘awaiting a load of ma- chine guns"’, that everyone (F.5.I, C.LA,, State and City pigs) seemed to Know about, except the so-called “‘suspects’’. They were also quite skillful in seeing to that this news broadcast Chicago. about the The Young was everywhere but This was compounded by the fact that: 1. They failed to give any cry of alarm when our Chairman, Bobby Seale was kidnapped in an obvious frame-up attempt. 2. They failed to give scope context to the Berkeley Pig Depart- ment’s admitted plan to raid the National Headquarters of the Black Panther Party, with no survivors intended, or 3, In recent months there has been escalation of terror, murder, raids, and lies onthe Black Panther an Party, and the news media has been relatively silent. There were no cries of 4 “‘credibility gap’’ as there had been in Viet Nam. Ne cries of the Government Stifling the news were to be heard. THE CHICAG( ET-UP The fact thar there have been three raids on Panther homes in Chicago in the last three weeks and one Panther (Larry Roberson) murdered, has almost totally eluded the sharp-eyed, keen-nosed news beagles. Also the fact that in all these raids weapons were seized, has likewise escaped the stalwart defenders of ‘*the American way"’. This is no easy task since some of those raids were daylight raids, and involved as many as 75 uniformed, CONF WITH K.C. Black people in general have al- ways been confronted with the dilemmaof being ‘In the dark’’ for some 400 years now, but the citation for the situation that hap- pened to the people of this com- munity goes to the Kansas City Power & Light Company. Within the confines of the con- centration camp called the Wayne Minor Projects, the poor, oppres- sed people in that area were sub- jected to being without lights for 22 hours. This critical period of time created a catastrophe and chaos among the masses of people, which resulted in a spontaneous react- jon and caused the people to move on the Light company. The people became aware of this fascist act to immobilize the people and restrict their activities, because it was very clear that this was just a test, to see whether a large part of the black masses could be contained and con- fined, so that the power structure with its fascist troops could be employed at any time to repress any resistance, After trying to get repeated com- munication connections, the people came to the conclusion that a face to face confrontation was the only solution, Organizing en masse, they for- med a peoples march on the Kan- sas City Power and Light Company, They marched down town tn pro- test and were not hindered by any resistance from the racist pigs. When they were In the process of marching the pigs were olnking to the Light company that the brothers and sisters were on their way, The march was led by a young revolutionary by the name of Verdel! Ford, This brother was only Il years old, but he had the spirit of a true revolutionary by leading his brothers and Insttl- ling in them the fact that there is but one way to get action and that was to move. When they arrived at the com- pany, one of the vice-presidents met the crowd at the door, He informed them that he was sorry, but the brothers and sisters re- lated to him that being sorry did not keep their food from spoiling and bables without milk, or people becoming overcome from the heat and hunger. These buildings stand some 10 stories high, and approximately 3,000 men, women and children, Fascist Pigs, with heli- flying close-air support while pigs ran amuck, As of press time, the last Panther home raided was Bob Rush's (ep. Minister of Defense for the state of IUlinois) at 6 o'clock Saturday morning Geptember 21st), The pigs alle- gedly had a warrant for Bob Rush’« oinking, copters mass media has been eltfectively- hobbled, blinded, and silenced; the **dissedents"’ have been effectively disarmed, The only ones who know about any shipment of arms, are the pigs and the pig-controlled me- dia; the media-pig coalition has already hinted that the plan of the “‘dissedents’’ may include seizing as Daley's, not even by the most chicken-hearted of so-called news- men. The plot to destroy the Black Panther Party, and thereby crugh the whole movement of dissent is directed by Tricky-Dick Nixon, and his number one hatchet man, Attorney General John Mitchell, ‘“MASAI”? HEWITT-MINISTER OF 2DUCATION, B.P-P. : arrest, but he wasn’t home so they ripped off his gun, and left. Since then Bob Rush has functioned in the community as usual, but Daley's fascists seem to have lost or for- gotten their '‘warrant.”’ These events should be viewed in light of the fact the ‘‘alleged’’ machine-guns are about to arrive at any moment; the Illinois National Guard (as fine a bunch of racists as ever lived) is on stand-by; un- like the Convention, this time the the Pentagon; and you have the ground-work and the alibi for a massive St. Valentine’s Day Mas- Sacre by fascist’ pigs posing as **servants of the people.’ lf any of those ‘*Clark Kent"’ types has the guts of a mustard seed, they will write of Pig Daley in terms reserved for Hess,Himler, Eichman, and Co., but they would still be dying. A plot as mon- sterous and massive as this should not be alluded to a brain as small RONTATION COMPANY LIGHT and a number of infants, newborn, were affected by this repressive act. The people began to chant in the lobby of the company, ‘‘We want lights!'' ‘‘We want lights!’’ One sister who was quite Indig- nant, felt that the power struc- ture was directly involved and told them that no matter how they would conspire to contain the People, that through unity, the people will resist and fight them by any means necessary. While some of the brothers and sisters were consulting with the heads at the Light company, the Black Panther Party members who were there to help protect the people had a political education class, The members related to the people how our duty is to hold ourselves responsible to the people, Every word, every act and every policy must conform to the people's interests, and if mistakes occur, they must be corrected-- that is what being responsible to the peoplé means, It is a well-known fact that the people and the people alone, are the motive force in the making of world history, and the masses have boundless creative power When the people realized that they have the power and were show- ing this power by uniting in one foree to overcome their difficul- tles, the heads at the Power and Light company submitted to their demands...and at the same time offered restitution for any food substance that was destroyed. During the discussions with the heads of the company, some of the children became thirsty from the long march and decided to get water from one of the water fountains open to the public in- side the lobby, Pigs, who had en- tered and stationed themselves around the lobby, thought it would be too human of them if the child- ren were to quench their thirst So, in thelr usual satirical manner, they turned off the water fountains on the lower level, This did not stiNe their efforts to obtain water, they proceeded to the second level and were confronted with the run- ning gesticulating lackeys of the pig department. The children were then escorted by the Panthers up the steps and proceeded to the water fountains, and thirst was satisfied, There was not a squeak out of the pigs, because they know that Under their direction a federal task force set-up ‘‘to keep an eye on the Panthers’’, has inflictedareign of terror and lies upon the Black Panther Party from coast to coast, It is no surprise to the Black Panther Party that “ic (Fascism) has happened here"’, the only ques- tion Is, **how long will the peeple put up with ir?" ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE Masai Hewitt, Minister of Education Black Panther Party the people would retaliate and no technology of the power structure could stop that force. The protest started about 11;00 and by 2:30 that afternoon the people were with lights again and a commitment for restoration for the loss of food, The people of this decadent, fascist system can see that the people of the oppressed classes are educating themselves and put- ting into practice such theories as Marxist-Leninism and quota- tions based upon this theory such as: ‘‘Weapons are an important factor in wars, but not the decis- ive factor; it is people, not things, that are decisive. The contest of strength is pot only a contest of military and economic power, but also a contest of human power and morale. Militaryand economic power is necessarily wielded by the people!'’ FREE ALL POLITICAL PRISON- ERS / Sister Andre Weatherby, Commun- ications Secy , Kansas City Chapter, q Black Panther Party DEAR SIR: We are _ vyrather distraught reading your article on South Africa in your issue of July 26, an article which we feel, is based on in- sufficient knowledge and information of the struggle in Southern Rhodesia and South Africa.. Sincerely, American Friends of the ANC & Zapu Eleanor Eisner P.S. We ask you to accept, with our com- pliments, a subscription to Sechaba for one year, EDITORIAL STATEMENT It has become quite evident that most Ameri- can publications and news agencies adhere to publication techniques common to newspapers and journals published in capitalist societies. Lies, distortions, © intentional omissions, quoting-out-of-context, andincorrect paraphras- ing are common techniques in profit-oriented publications. The Black Panther Party has been the continued victim of journalistic ‘‘ pimping and pandering ’’ since its inception. As a political party actively engaged in the survival and libera- tion struggle of our people, we know from direct experience the harm done by this type of ‘‘news reporting’. Needless to say, after three years as victim of such backward tendencies, the Black Panther Party has no desire to become the per- petrator of the same madness. The publication and agencies guilty of these “‘sins-against-the-people’’ fitno single category. Many are ‘‘Black,’’ and many are “‘ White.’’ Some Claim 2-0 Ve puteeecus, m2 Uvapro Clues ve re- THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 3 EDITORIAL POLICY ligious.’’ But all are guilty of being ‘*beople pimps.”’ Many events of world-wide importance have been so misrepresented that liberation struggles have been made to look like race riots, revolu- tionary movements have been made to look like religious movements, and freedom fighters have been made to look like ‘‘bandits’’ or ‘‘fanatics,”’ In the interest of truth and correct political per- spective, the Black Commamity News Service (published by the Black Panther Party) will at- tempt to give its readers the views and post- tions of the oppressed people, freedom fighters, and revolutionaries of the world in their own words. We know from our own experience that no one can depict a struggle better than those who are actively engaged in that struggle. We know that most people (Black and White) who would write about a struggle (while avoiding any direct in- volvement) could never really understand that or any struggle. As an additional service to our readers, we will make every effort possible to share with you, sources of information thal we know to be representative of actual conditions, As they be- come known to us, we will make available to you addresses for obtaining the official organs, news- letters, and other publications published by vari- ous revolutionary liberation movements around the world. Our motive is ‘‘duty’’ and our aim is ‘‘perspective’’ and ‘‘solidarity’’. As for ‘‘origi- nality’’ and/or ‘‘profit’’, later for it! We have no desire to pass off ‘‘bits and pieces’’ of the truth, as fact, Bulls--t is no barrier to fas- cist genocide. Your suggestions and criticism will be welcomed. PSO tt OO. BWI DP DOL LD — WHO'S NEXT? Relatively few Americans would Black Panthers, I don't think it from your ownlgnoranceabout,and who Is bein ' ‘ loaf of bre . ‘ f g very liberal by ask- 3 loaf of bread, it's time for a be inclined to believe thatinthis 1s all a matter of national con- lack of association with the ing me to condemn the Panthers C@lebration, country a group that seriously challenges the status-quo could be systematically harrassed, its pro- perties destroyed and its leaders gunned down inthe streets or shipped offto the American version of Siberia, the jail. And all in this is not the work of criminals in gangs or mob warfare but by what we call government, Most of us would think of this asnormal in a Germany under Nazism, an Italy under fascism or a Hattl or Spain under a dictatorship, But not in our America under a demo- cracy. In regards to the Black Panther Party that has led a vet- eran Chicago police reporter to Say: *‘l can't remember in my entire career witnessing the quantity nor the quality of repres- sive force unleashed against the spiracy, though I believe this is certainly a part of it. I think this massive repression also results from the naked fear many police- men have of the Panthers, They want to do them tn as a kind of self-defense measure’’. Simply tdentifying the organi- zation may have already caused many of you to conclude that it deserves this treatment. You al- ready know from your hewsmedia, from such stupid statements of assumed responsible people like J Edgar Hoover who singled out the Panthers as being among Black militant organizations the "'great- est threat to the internal security of the country’’; In fact, you know Panthers that they are a Black “extremist, militant and radical organization out to violently over- throw our country,’’ Thus, the Justice Department through the F.B.I, can lead day- light raids on the Panther head- quartors in Chicago and Oakland, This same department could only persecute murders of civil rights workers, which included, law- enforcement men, on charges of conspiring to violate their civil rights, The same F_B I. couldonly have their men standing around taking notes as peaceful Black demonstrators are brutally attacked, beaten and stomped. Thus, in Oakland, the police can shoot down Panthers In the street; in New York, Indianapolis, Balti- more, Des Moines, etc,, they can arrest Panthers and keep them incarcerated under ridiculously igh ball on charge for which ho evidence is brought forth and in Chicago they can burn down; and in Newark shoot up Panther headquarters, Meanwhile, in Ala- bama young Black teenagers can be given twelve year sentences for burning down a K,K.K, head- quarters. Obviously this is not to imply a comparison between the Black Panthers and the Ku Klux Klan, Similarities exist only In the imagination of the type of person while they condemn, verbally, of course, the Klan. Unlike the Klan who is out to suppress Black peo- ple under the banner of White supremacy, the Panthers ar. out to berate people, Unlike the Klan whose only tool is violence and that in behalf of oppression, vio- lence for the Panther is only a means of self-defense against oppression, They have a complete Program calling for freedom, edu- cation, employment, housing, political and civic responsibilities, Right now in many of our cities, they are serving breakfasts to thousands of children, In California alone, this endeavor has reached over five thousand children, which led Jesse Unrich to point out, “it's more thin the government feeds". When the Klan gives a child What we are pointing out is that all Americans stand to loses if the “legal'’ conspiracy and ad- juncts against the Panthers is allowed to continue. Repression generally tends to breed repres- sion, Whites may soon be enjoy- ing the same, It's too soon to for- get that people, good people in Germany, Italy, Spain and Hatti, permitted the same kind of thing, the labeling of organizations the status-quo which labeling ‘“justi- fied’ their brutal suppression, When they woke up, it was too late, They had all been suppressed, Rev, Lawrence E-Lucas THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 4 THE RACIST HANGMAN FROM WORKERS’ WORLD By NAOME GOLDSTEIN When Richard Nixon delivered his acceptance speech at the Miami Repub- lican Convention last year he immedi- ately issued this warning two the Afro- American nation and to the rebellious, anti-war youth movement: “If we are to restore order and respect for law tn this country, there's one pldce we're going to begin. We’re going to have a new Attorney Gencral of the United States."* The black people, and anyone else with thoughts of rebellion and libera- tion, were put on notice that there was going to be a new “Chief of Police,” a new administrator and overseer of the repressive capitalist state appara- tus. For this job of crushing the rebellion in the very heartland of U.S. imperi- alism, Nixon chose someone who was close to the inner circles of U.S. imperialism, John Mitchell, said the bourgeois press at the time of his appointment as Attorney General, had no previous experience in partisan poli- tics. But he didn’t need any, Mitchell went straight from Wall Street to Washington, He went to the seat of the capitalist government with enormous connections as a Wall Street lawyer with both politicians and high financial circles alike. This man, previously unknown to thé mass of the American people, carried with him a mandate from the ruling class—a demand for “‘law and order.”’ Mitchell's Infamous Record the story now goes that Mitchcll is the strong man in the Nixon Cabinet, that the President consults him on a wide’ range of national and international subjecta (Mitchell works with the National Security Council and is briefed by the CIA daily) and regards his opinions as very valuable, But it is not simply that Mitchell has Nixon’s car. Wall Street owns both of them and dictates the policics they jointly follow. Itc is true, however, that as chicf hangman for the capitalist class in the Justice Department, Mitchell plays a key rolc in the primary task of repres- rion on the home front. The list of his infamous deeds Is already long: Mitchell was the urchirect of the faaciat preventive detention bill forthe District of Columbia; his department drew up a reactionary voting rights bill which would hinder black voting in the South; under his direction the Nixon Administration gave racist school districts a reprieve on desegre- gation; he is responsible for an ex- pansion of wiretaps ondomestic groups labeled ‘‘subversive”’ and is planning a beefing up of the secret police —the FBI, It was Mitchell who approved the prosecution of the Chicago 8 after the demonstration against the National Democratic Convention; he had advo- cated extremely repressive measures against student and anti-war activists; and to cop off the campaign of terror, Mitchell personally ordered the FBI to keep a close ‘‘surveillance”’ over the Black Panther Party. This order in fact was the initiation of a murderous attack on the black organization, the frame-up of almost the entire leader- ship and the continued harassment of Panther members, To add to these nefarious decds, Mitchell is also said to be responsible for the selection of Spiro Agnew as Nixon’s Vice President and for the carrying out of the so-called “Southern strategy’’—the campaign tactic used by Nixon co win the rabid racist and reactionary vore from Wallace. When confronted by the accusation that he devised the Southern strategy, Mitchell cynically replied (in the words of Harry Goldwater) that all the Nixon forces did was to “‘go hunting where the ducks are.” From Wall Street Lawyer to Bosses’ Hangman John Mitchell's law carver beganin the 1930's when he went to work for the Wall Street law firm of Caldwell & Raymond. He became an expert at municipal bonding which put him incon- tact with politicians and all the major figures in bonding, financial under- writing and inveatment banking in the country, He traveled widely as the intermediary between states that wanted to floar bonds and the bankers who would put up the money, This experience put Mitchell in con- tact with the Inner circles of the ruling class and their governmental servants. So it was not really surprising that Nixon chose him to organize the election campaign. Mitchell was the supreme capitalist politician (though the press touted him as an inexperienced layman). He knew just who to talk to and how to bribe the right people..in this way he organized over a dozen states for Nixon and was instrumental in getting the nomination. (Nixon had met Mitchell around 1966 through their law practices. The two law firms merged on January 1, 1967 into Nixon, Mudge, Rose, Guthrie, Alexander and Mitchell.) A joke ts circulating inthe bourgeois press (emanating undoubtedly from the imperialist liberals who arc smarting under Mitchell’s rulc) that the un- smiling Attorney General will lowerthe temperature of any room he walks into. But, as Mitchell himself points out, ‘'I don’t much care what the press or anyone else says about me.” After all, he is not responsible to anyone but the capitalist bosses who put him for- ward to represent them, And the job of restoring ‘‘law and order’ in the crumbling imperialist monster Is dead serious. Civil Rights Head a Racist To aid in the sharp rightward turn Mitchell has surrounded himself witha group of equally dangerous hangmen whose Outstanding qualities are extreme racism and reactionary poli- tics. Here’s what Jerris Leonard, the man who is supposed to be the head of the Justice Department's Civil Rights division, sounds like: “Both John Mitchell and I are pragmatic, 1969 conservatives. We face Up to the facts of life as they are, We know civil rights are something the times require.”’ (New York Times Magazine, August 10, 1969) He sounds like a slavemaster conceding defeat after the Civil War, (Under pressure, Leonard regretfully resigned from the all-white Milwaukee Eagles Club after his appointment to the Civil: Rights Division.) The Times article cited above gocs on to say thar “*if John Mitchollstill uses the word ‘colored’ in his con- versation, he nonetheless recognized the need to press desegregation sults in the courts,”" Mitchell's zeal for desegregation is highly questionable after the adminis- tration announced in July an casing of the enforcement of school integration. Hut whatever “pragmatism” about civil rights Mitchell and his circle of bigota have, it was undoubtedly taught them by the black people of Watts, Detroit, Newark and Chicago when they rose up in rebellion against the oppressive system which Mitchell now personifies. Another sterling example of the “law enforcers’ around Mitchell is Richard Kleindicnst, now Deputy Attorney General and former staunch supporter of Barry Goldwater. Kleindicnst caused a stir when he candidly told an Atlantic Monthly re- porter last spring thac ‘“‘if people demonstrared in a manner to interfere with others, they should be rounded up and put in a dentention camp,” Will Wilson, a Texan appointed to the post of Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division is another fascist-minded tool of the bosses. It was he who signed a memorandum cir- culated by the Justice Department which urged federal prosecutors to challenge the Supreme Court’s Miranda decision forbidding the use of confessions obtained illegally, The new policy, in effect, gives a free hand to cops and DAs to beat confessions out of defen- dants and produce them as “‘voluntary”’ evidence, Wilson's approach to criminal law {s summed up in the statement, “'! think if you could get all of them (student protesters) inthe penitentiary, you'd stop it.” Ruling Class Relies on Court Terror The most dramatic evidence of the ruling class right turn has been in the appointments to the Supreme Court — long adored and sanctified by liberals and bourgeois radicals alike as a bastion of progressive thinking. With the appointment of Warren Burger as Chief Justice, the court is once more the arch reactionary center it has historically been—the place where the ruling class carries out its aims through judicial decree, Mitchell urged Burger’ appointment, knowing full well that the man was opposed to almost Atty. John Mitchell every basic tenet of U.S. conatitu- tional law—-the presumption of inno- cence, trial by jury, the advocate system and rights guarantecd by the Fifth Amendment. The latest move inthe steady march toward open police state tactics is, of course, the apnointment of a hard-core segregationist from South Carolina to the Supreme Court, Clement F, Haynesworth, the chicf judge of the U.S, Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circult in Richmond was nominated hy Nixon after consultation with Mitchell. Haynesworth’s record of anti-black and anti-lahor decisions qualify him, as far as the administration ix concerned, for the post in the coming period of reliance on court repression. ft is clear from the prominent posi- tion of Mitchell & Co, in governmental Strategy that the ruling class hopes to rely heavily on the police and courts to solve their growing problems. As Mitchell put it, the Justice Department “ts an institution for law enforcement, not social improvement.”* Butno police terror ever solved the problems of racism, war and poverty in capitalist moctcty, amd no court flunkcys cver Stopped a revolution! THE N.Y. 2l, MICHELL‘S HANDYWORK ‘ . — In this day and age where man has reached such a high level of intelligence and technology there is very little reason or excuse why millions of people should suffer to Such a degree that they are suf- fering. On the night of August 22nd a young 17 year old sister laid in the streets for over 40 minutes seriously injured waiting for an ambulance, Not an hour before this sister was full of life and facing the world with such determination it would've staggered your ima- gination, Now she lays in Elm- hurst Hospital with bones broken from her neck to her feet, The young sister’s name is Barbara Herring. This tragic accident could have been avoided if life-saving devices (traffic lights) had been in- stalled and in such a manner that they reduce the speed of traffic instead of increase the speed in order to increase the flow of the avaricious businessman's mer- chandise, Northern Blvd., one of the main throughways, isa shoot- ing gallery where the vehicles are the ammunition and the people are the targets, There has been a thorough investigation on the traf- fic ight crisis and the ambulance condition, This automotive gen- ocide cannot be allowed to con- tinue, It is a neglect by the city to install these life-saving devices, The following information was ac- cumulated from the investigation. 1, There has been a petition for a light on the corner of 96th St. and N, Blvd. ever since the early 1960's. In the past year there has been numerous accidents and an unlimited amount of near mis- haps, At this same location there has been very little response if any at all from the traffic com- mission, 2, Several months ago peti- tions were sent to the Traffic Com - missioner in reference to 4 badly needed life-saving devices. There was no response to the petitions 50 the people came out and peace- fully demonstrated. The site of 102nd St. was chosen because two deaths, including a hit and run, had taken place on this corner In the course of 10 days. These dem- onstrators were met by the very people whoare supposedto protect the people in the community-with night-sticks and clubs. Two In- nocent demonstrators were beaten to the ground and two more were arrested, People who witnessed this said it was an act that they would've expected only from the storm troopers of Adolf Hitler. This was all out FASCISM and POLICE BRUTALITY, Number 7 of the 10 Point Program of the Black Panther Party states: ‘‘We want an immediate end to police bru- tality and murder of black people.”’ Police brutality or open fascism LETTER FROM AFENI N.Y. Afeni O. Shakur Women’s House of Detention August 22, 1969 All Power to the People! Yesterday brought news of the Oppressor’s most recent attack on the Black Panther Party - the kid- hap of Chairman Bobby Seale. [t is @ very sad thing to admit thar for most of my life I believed in this system. Now I see an all out attack on everything the people try to constructively undertake. The Black Panther Party undertook to initiate (along with the people in the many colonies across Baby- lon) a Free Bree Breakfast Pro- gram for Children. It was done, hot as an act of charity or as a token, but because we recognize that the needs of the People must be met. If a child has not had an AFLNI SHAKUR adequate diet, we do not expect him to learn according to his po- tential. He's hungry, baby, and the only thing he’s concerned with is eating. The only part of the prob- lem (i4 apples plus 2 apples equals 7) he’s concerned with are the ap- ples; later for the numbers, So,, the Black Panther Party went forth A hy and established a Free Breakfast m, thus helping to meet the ba Ol the people. ‘The Black Panther Party also nized that most of us walk round with some sort of a vita- n deficiency. We walk around with tuberculosis, sickle cell and a lot of less awesome ases. The point is thatbecause he condition of public health ces we do not receive ade- aI quate treatment. Once more the Black Panther Party goes forth to meet the everyday needs of the people. Free Health Clinics are opening in many of the colonies of Babylon. Some are already opened, equipped with X-ray machines, vitamins, and that equip- ment which we can afford. (the next time that you hear that the B/P.P, uses -said money for guns and to further its aims, remember that). So the Black Panther Party has once more made the oppressor a liar. When you live directly inside the colony, and you spend mostof your time in the colony, you notice a lot of things about your people. We notice, for instance, that chil- dren did not know the truth about their people and that they were taught that their forefathers were lazy and subservient. Again the Black Panther Party went forth to answer the needs of the people, Makeshift Liberation Schools were set up, not to replace ‘pub- ie education but to supplement it, We did not, we cannot wait for the oppressor to give us an edu- cation that gives us a true know- Jedge of self. It never will; it is against his interest. Now we have an educational program that ex- plains about us. Children are not taught hate; rather they are taught love of humanity, respect of op- pressed brothers and sisters, and knowledge of our present day re- lationship to the world, The worst part of my incar- ceration is not being able to: par- ticipate in these revolutionary pro- grams. That’s when I start think- ing subjectively. But objectively | know that I am playing another role in the struggle; for it has many faces. Sacrifices must be made. The thing is to make all sacri- fices meaningful. Everything must be in the interest of the whole. The time for playing revolutionary has past. We must be full time re- volutionaries ‘“‘Know yotirself, know you enemy; a hundred battles a hundred victories." Carry onthe struggle. When a brother is tem- porarily removed from the struggle pick up his T E anddohis share too. Carry those loads that are heavy. That is your responsi- bility. See that the strugyle is waged in the people’s interest. SOLIDARITY IN STRUGGLE under the heading of ‘‘Law and Order,’’ must be exposed along with their perpetrators, Immediate action must be taken to see that the basic needs and desires of the people are met before the government squanders the people’ s money In profit making enterprizes abroad (this relates back to #2 and #4 of the 10 Point Program of the Black Panther Party), The basic needs and desires of the people must be met and if it wasn't for the misappropriation of the people's money (tax money) the basic needs and desires could be met tn earnest. To combat the neglect of the people by the govern- ment an organization was formed in October 1966 by a brother named Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale, co-founder of the organization, The organization has set out to meet the needs and desires of the people, Both of these brothers have been incarcerated along with many others, including 21 brothers and Sisters In New York, A system that would prevent brothers and Sisters from helping all mankind to achieve these basic needs re- gardiess of race is a system that has something tohide from the People (which Is the expolitation and oppression that is needed so a class society can survive in the US). A race to the moon that costs LETTER FROM PRISON JOAN BIRD, N.Y., 21 Power Brothers and Sisters, We must all recognize and un- derstand thatthere will be many difficulties tn the path of revolu- tion. Therefore, we must all grow stronger each day in mind and Spirit, All my love and faith are in you the people. Together we, the people will achieve complete victory. The enemy continues to use their gestapo tactics only enabling the people to recognize that fascism and racism which is embedded in this decadent society, The people are becoming con- Stantly aware of these tactics and are joining together all over the world with the Mnes of ‘‘Revolu- tlon'’. So don’t let anything that seems difficult causa despair -- because we expect many obstacles to appear -- we must deal with them at the given time. We must continue to fight until complete victory is won, My people, my people the chains will be broken for ‘The spirit of the people is greater than the man's technology’’. ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE Joan Bird womens House of Detention THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 5 TO THE PEOPLE the people 83 billion dollars Is a useless endeavor as long as people remain hungry, unclothed and miseducated, Millions of dol- lars are being pounded into foreign profit-making businesses (like the war in Vietnam) while the very life-saving devices are being neg- lected and the budgets are steadily being cut here at home, In Queens alone where there is a population of over 2,000,000 people there is a maximum of 17 city ambulances to service them. This isn’t even matching the ratio of deaths, illnesses and accidents that happen in the borough daily. Mr. Brown, District Hospital In- spector, stated that at least 30-35 ambulances are needed in Queens alone to give the people any type of adequate service, and 30-35 ambulances would still be a small drop in the bucket, This problem has been existing for over two years and there has been no plan set down to combat this crisis. The budget has been cut by ap- proximately 2 milliondollars, This is attributed to Mayor Lindsay and Gov, Rockefeller and the City Council who contro! the city budget. So the problem stems not because of a money shortage but because of lack of proper administration and concern for the welfare of the people. The people are tired of empty campaign promises and empty pro- mises period, They are now deal- ing in objective reality and objec- tive reality is adequate life-saving devices and meeting their basic needs and desires, Because it is the people and only the people who are the motive force in the making of world his- tory. ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE, because the true power is in the hands of the people. So let's deal with the problem on this level because the people want answers from those who they have appointed to sit in the people's office. Let's undress these dem- ogogic politicians, Let's undress them and bring them to the mercy of the people, because our questions have gone unanswered for too long now and we want answers combined withaction! For too long the people have wondered is this a democratic government made up of the people, by the people and for the people! But it is a fact that this racist gov- ernment is made up of the pigs, by the pigs, and for the pigs! So let's call a spade a spade and a pig a pig and deal with the situation on a plane that will gain all people their freedom and power to determine the destiny of their own oppressed community! ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE Black Panther Party, N.Y, Chap., Queens Branch, Corona Section FRANCINE LACEY DISCIPLINE VIOLATED SISTER TO: Central Committee and Field Marshal D.C. FROM: Deputy Minister of Infor- mation Zayd Shakur and Defense Captain Sibpp Sonny Collins SUBJECT: Expulsion of Francine Lacey (alias Hassin, allas Williams) Francine Lacey violated the Panther Party rules (numbers } and 2) when she smoked marijuana and snorted and skin-popped, “Dujil The sister claimed that she did this so that she ‘could hide from the people.’* No Panther can serve the people if they fear them SO much that they have to hide," The Black Panther Party is striving to eliminate all of the ex. ploitation of the masses, and dope is one of the larger problems in all oppressed communities, A jun- ky will sell his own mother down the river, And there is no room in the Party for anyone who is not OUSTED strong enough to resist the oppres- sor Francine Lacey is no longer a representative ér a member ofthe Staten Island Branch of the Black Panther Party, She can no longer Speak for this branch, Anyone with questions regarding the Breakfast and/or Medical program should get in contact with the Panther of- fice at 232 Jersey street in New Brighton, Under no circumstances should donations for any Panther Program be turned over or de- livered to Francine Lacey. The Black Panther Party is to Serve the people. And when we ex- bell persons interested purely in Lae own individualistic desire or + We are serving the % People often ask we we ite People out when we are not strong in membership, or three dedicated, functi peone are more effective wenty non-functional Party sees names inour All Power to the People” Sonny Collins, Defense Capt. We feel that two | THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 One of the greatest forms of oppression is hunger. Children must be fed and the Free Break- fast for School Children is another key to liberation by halt- {ng the staunch form of oppression-- hunger. One who looks into the face of a hungry child knows that his need is immediate, One can de- lay an asking face with a cold heart, A child does not under- stand hunger surveys made by the government but can really relate to a full stomach every morning. The Black Panther Party fed over 20,000 children nationally last year and hopes to feed up to 100,000 this year. Here in Sacra- mento we hope to feed 2,000 or more children, The first in a series of breakfast programs will FASCISM F In a desperate attempt to destroy one of the true servants of the people, the reactionary foul pigs of Brooklyn yamped on David Con- ners, coordinator of the Peoples Free Breakfast Program at 7:30 this morning, (Sept. 9, 1969). Act- ing in the usual insane manner characteristic of pigs, the worms of the power structure, three of New York's SWINEST forced their way into the apartment of the sis- ter Malika with whom David was staying, The sister who is aFriendof{the Panthers has several) Panthers staying at her place, At 7:30 this morning this sister (who was the only one awake) responded to a knock on her door. A nigger plain- clothes pig (a pig, ts a pig, Is a pig) asked for Brother David, The sister said that David wasn'tthere. The other two pigs (who had been hiding by the staircase) came running out oinking in the sister's face, Malika asked the pigs for PAGE 6 be held at the Oak Park United church of Christ, 3308 4th Ave., beginning Monday September 22. We are again asking the peo- ple of Sacramento to donate the necessary food and materials that are needed to carry on a break- fast program, Donations can be sent to 294] 35th St., or call 457-9991. Various attacks on the Party through terror, lies and brutality cannot halt the attempts of the masses of people and the Black Panther Party to Initlate programs like the free breakfast all across this nation. ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE Black Panther Party, Sacramento Branch SCISM FA a warrant cowardly jackasses one, The sister who is 5 feet, one inch and weighs 95 pounds was pushed up against the wall by one of the big burly, brulsy pigs, while the other two Swine ran amuck in her house, After making sure that Brother David was not inthe house the scum of society ran out of the house satisfled that their appe- tite for sadism had been fed so early in the morning. Meanwhile at the church where the Free Breakfast is held, two ears with pigs in them sat on the corner while another pig car patroled around the block, The pigs were waiting, like the vultures they are, for the first sign of any rip- ple, so that they (the pigs) could vamp on the people and suck their blood, Brother David had leftthe church by this time, and had gone back to the sister's house (unaware of Of course the didn’t low, have PHILADE LPHIA FREE x The Free Breakfast for School Children begins every morning from 7:00 a.m, to 8:30 a.m, at the following locations, Free breakfast is for ALL children, We need volunteers to help us feed the children, we need transpor- tation to pick up the food from the avaricious businessmen, For too long our children have gone hun- gry--the people CAN and WILL meet their own needs, Support the breakfast program where you live! HARLEM St. Joseph's Catholic Church 405 West 125th Street Emmaus House 241 East 116th Street Church at lllth Street & Lexington CISM FAS what was going on) to pickupsome more food and to wake up the rest of the cadre. As David got out of the car the pigs who had vamped on Malika put handcuffs on David, without identifying themselves, Ave The slimy reprobates then pro- ceeded to illegally search the peo- ple's car. One of the brothers asked the pigs why the car was being searched. The fou) animals didn't know. They were acting out of a search and destroy instinct com- mon in all pies, Brother David who is now tn jail has a $50,000 bail, with trumped up charges of conspiracy to commit murder, conspiracy to commit armed robbery, attempted armed robbery and possession of an illegal weapon We the people are tired of the pigs attempts to destroy programs and brothers and sisters working on programs that truly serve the BREAKFAST FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN N.Y. FREE BREAKFAST LOWER EAST SIDE St, Marks in the Bowery * 10th Street & Second Avenue BROOKLYN Good Shepard Mission 564 Hopkinson (corner of Sutter) QUEENS St. Pius Cathedral 106-12 Liverpool Street Jamaica WHITE PLAINS Mt, Lebanon Church 648 Harrison Avenue Aunt Bessie’s 809 South Street i : : PEEKSKILL Carver Community Center 85 South Lexington The breakfast programs listed above are operated by the Black Panther Party, the Young Lords, and th people of the community. New Locations are being added weekly--watch for leaflets in your community, YOU can help toorgan- ize new breakfast programs by talking to the ministers and com- munity centers in your area and encourage the people who run the community centers and the min- isters to make space ayallable for all of the people, For further information on the breakfast pro- grams in any area you may call 864-8951, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE! ISM FASCISM FASCIS! people. The Panther Party and all of the programs implemented by the party will survive the vicious attacks made against us by the fascist pigs, because the people are hipto the decadence of America and the people are hip to the fact that the pig power structure Is trying to destroy the servants of the people and the programs which serve the people. The people and the people alone are the motive force in the making of world history (Mao Tse-Tung), And the people are saying ‘We are hip to your shit, you fas- cist motherf----r, and for every revolutionary you jailor killa 100 more of us will rise up and heed the call of REVOLUTION until the fascist dogs of America are sur- rounded by hundreds and millions of revolutionaries standing upright and the mere sound of our voices will strike terror in your hearts and you will be killed to death.’* Despite the arrest of our breakfast coordinator we are still serving an average of eighty children a day, with the help of the community, And we will con- tinue to serve any hungry child that comes to us in the morning at Good Shepard Catholic Mission, 564 Hopkinson Ave, YOU CAN JAIL THE BREAK— FAST COORDINATOR, BUT YOU CAN'T JALIL THE BREAKFAST PROGRAM, L POWER TO\ THE PEOPLE EE BREAKFAST EE HUEY : EE ALL POLITICAL PRISON— s : Olaywa Black Panther Party, Brooklyn Branch FIGHTING Pulley of Ft. Jackson 8, now on speak- ing tour for GI Civil Liberties Defense Committee. EX-SOLDIER. Photo by Dave Wulp Andrew WILLIAMS-DANIELS FREE PENDING APPEAL Portsmouth, N.H_, Sept. 8- Willfam Harvey and George Daniels, two Black Marines whowere sentenced to six and ten years hard labor for ‘‘subversion,’’ have been re- leased from the Naval Disciplinary Barracks at Portsmouth, N.H, pending appeal. Harvey and vaniels were sen- tenced in December, 1967, after having spent four months in pre- trial confinement, Specifically, the charge was that they had ‘caused or attempted to cause insubordina- tion, disloyalty and refusal to duty by members of the Armed Forces” because they had allegedly made statements against the Vietnam Panther war, The imprisonment of the two men was first publicized in the BOND, newspaper of the American Serv- icemen's Union,When asked about the release of Harvey and Daniels, Andy Stapp, president of ASU stated; “These two men were framed up by racist Marine officers--the same officers who daily murder the heroic Vietnamese people. The day is coing when it will be men like Harvey and Daniels who run the military instead of the racist Pentagon Brass."' taken from the BOND, The Service- men's Newspaper leader’s release urged Special to the Daily World FREETOWN. Sierra Leone, Sept. 10 — The National Congress of Sierra Leone Women has called on the U.S. Department of Jus- tice to help secure the “immediate release” of Bobby Seale. Black Panther leader, or that the posted for Seale be honored The views of the Sierra Leone wom- en's organization were contained in a to the US Government over the signatures of P. Gibson-Bucknor. secretary, resolution addressed Mrs and Miss Delma Dove-Edwin, sistant secretary of committee The resolution described the The United States of America has developed from being a colony of Great Britain into the richest, most powerful and hated nation on the planet earth, She has taken capitalism one step further and developed it into the highest stage -Imperialism-and thereby has earned herself the title ‘‘the mother of imperialism'', In whatever America does she has to surpass other nations and this is manifested in her achieve- ments, The most current ts the surpassing of the tactics used by Hitler in Nazi Germany, where the rights of the Individual are unheard of. This is manifested in the repression being launched a- gainst the Black Panther Party. However, as these tactics become more. overt the consciousness of the American people seem to re- tard, and as fascism gainsa stronghold the people become stu- pified. The fascist pigs have been given their orders to wipe out the Black Panther Party by whatever means necessary and this order is being implemented by murders, kidnap- pings and railroading people be- hind bars. ‘Target number one is of course the leadership, Having jailed Huey bond the working as- imi- P. Newton, they forced Eldridge Cleaver into exile and are now concentrating on, the extinction of Chairman Bobby Seale, On August 19th the Gestapo pigs kidnapped Bobby Seale and im- prisoned him on trumped up char- ges of illegal flight to avoid pro- secution. The pigs’ hooves could not hold this one down and Chair- man Bobby Seale was granted ball. He was then re-arrested by the local pigs who oinked that they were holding him for the Con- necticut authorities on some trum- ped up murder charge. This charge was supposedly based on the evi- dence supplied by a turn-coat ren- egade lunactic FBI agent whose evidence could not stand up in any court, not even fascist America. The extradiction order from Connecticut was not forthcoming and the pigsrealized they had slip- ped. Earlier, as a result of the Chicago Democratic Convention massacre, Chairman Bobby Seale had been indicted on another trumped-up charge of conspiracy, This case is due to be heard In Chicago on September 24, On Sep- tember 12, without any warning the pigs announced that they had trans~ ferred Bobby Seale to Chicago PEOPLE OF women representing the National Liberation Front. The Vietnamese women met here last week antiwar movement to exchange ex The draft files were presented by THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 7 NLF GIVEN SHREDDED DRAFT FILES Shredded draft board files from the U.S. were presented July 5 to a delegation of Montreal with women from the North American periences and report on political developments. Maggie Geddes, the only one of five women who had raided » New York City Selective Service office July 2 who was not arrested at a Rockefeller Center rally the following day. In delivering the files, Miss Geddes also disrupted the SS office, which said in part: the solidarity of our searches for j for your struggle and responsibility share with us the hope that such things as bombers, guns, will cease to exist for both our peoples.” The three Vietnamese representatives each spoke o American antiwar fighters. Embraces and presents were exchanged. brought a message from the five women who “To our Vietnamese sisters: We wish to affirm ustice and humanness, | have come then, out of respect for our own. In accepting these file pieces, please conscription and oppression f the solidarity they fele toward the RESERVATION SENTENCE FOR ANTI-DRAFTER SAN FRANCISCO, Calif.—Donald H. Bitsie has decided to spend five yeags on probation on the Navajo Reservation—rather than two years in federal prison—for refusing to be drafted. U. S. Dist. Court Judge Lloyd H. Burke gave the choice Wednesday to Bitsie, 25, who contended during his trial that as a Navajo he was exempt from Selective Service. A jury has ruled in January that an 1868 treaty between the United States and the Navajo tribe didn’t apply to the war in Vietnam. Such treaties usually recognized Indian Lribés as independent nations. Bitsie’s attorney, Barbara Wagner, asked the judge to modify his condition so that Bitsie could spend the five years with Indians in Oakland. “No, he is a Navajo. claiming rights as a Navajo, he wants to be a Navajo, he wants to live under Navajo rules and regulations, he wants to conform to all that he believes is appropriate to him,” the judge replied. “He will have to live on the reservation.”’ Bitsie left the reservation five years ago and came to Oakland. FAMILY SUES FOR Gl GRAVE Birmingham, Ala. (AP)-- The widow and mother of a Bir- mingham Negro killed In action in Vietnam charged In a federal court sult that they were not allowed to bury him in a large private ceme- tery, Elmwood, The suit, a class action, was filed in US District Court Fri- day By Mrs, Bill H, Terry Jr., 16; her mother-in-law, Mrs. Jim- mie Lee Terry, and Blevin Stout, The women said they were de- to buy nied the right a grave a to await trail. This was twelve days before the case was due to commence, The mystery that surrounds the whereabouts of Bobby Seale is so ludicrous and so serious that one realizes that America Is definite- ly ahead of Nazi Germany. On September 17, the Authorities were legally requested in Chicago to make the whereabouts of Bobby Seale public. The pattern is now diaphanous and the red lights have been signalling for some time, They have now stopped, We should hot kid ourselves that it is im- possible. The so-called United States exists because of the gen- ocide of 50 million North American Indians and people have been so brainwashed that they have roman- ticized this fact and refer to it as ‘*Cowboys and Indians*’, In an- other few years will there be tel- evision programs on ‘‘Niggersand Pigs?"’. The USA ts the richest coun- try in the world, yet 20 million people are starving. Having lost the war in Vietnam, the dema- gogic politicians are now waging an internal war. All efforts are being concentrated against the Black Panther Party because the Party says - we are entitled to site in which to bury 20-year-old Bill Terry, who was killed July 3 while on a search-and-destroy mission in Vietnam, Stout said that in a separate instance, he was not allowed to buy a site at Elmwood, The complaint said that Terry, before going to Vietnam, told his wife and mother that if anything happened to him, he wanted to be buried in Elmwood, The body was returned to Bir- mingham with a military escort, the complaint said, ‘‘and the mill- tary, learning of the deceased’s wish to be buried at the Elmwood Cemetery, was taken there by them in the company of the mother and wife’’. The request was made to buy a grave site, the suit claimed, the request was denied by the man- ager saying it could not be honored because the cemetery has not been opened up to Negroes, Terry was buried in a Negro cemetery July 19. prisonment of Seale as ‘‘inhuman."' It said that the setting of $25,000 bail for Seale was “itself an undue process of the law’ and expressed regret that the bond posted by Seale's friends was not accepted The Women’s Congress said that ‘ta lot of the goodwill and’ admiration which it and the people of Sierra Leone have for the United States Government and people, will be less if Mr. Seale is not released forthwith.” The resolution was addressed to the U.S. Ambassador in Sierra Leone and to the U.S. State Department BABYLON the rights of all human beings, l.e, land, bread, housing, educa- tion, clothing, justice, peace and the power to determine our own destinies. The rest of the world looks at America perplexed, They are un- able to comprehend the reaction or lack of reaction on the part of the people in the USA, The Black Panther Party having made it clear that it understands that this is primarily a class struggle, that racial hatred has been strengthened to keep the classes more firmly separated, has gained the respect, and solidarity of the Europeans, who having LHved through two World Wars, under- stand fully the meaning of fascism. They see very clearly the danger of American capital in their coun- tries and know they are on the way to losing their identities once again if they do not resist, The people of Asia, Latin America and Africa see the fight in the USA as being intertwined with their own, They understand fully that as long as the USAkeeps a certain class of her people colon- ized they are unable to achieve their liberation completely. It is now necessary for us to understand that this is a world proletarian revolution. Since Amer- tcan imperialism encompasses all of the planet earth and has now gone to the moon, the Black Panther Party and the various Lib- eration Fronts are all waging one and the same struggle. The only form of nationalism worth cul- tivating today is revolutionary nationalism, Once we have under- Stood this we will comprehend totally the meaning of Chairman Mao’s words - ‘*Workers of the World Unite’. This is a revolution and rev- olutionaries must be prepared to fight, to be jailed, exiled and to die. The Black Panther Party in being the Vanguard of the American revolution, has given the people time, Time during which the con- sciousness of the people should be heightened; but time is running out. The murders and imprison- ments of our brothers and sisters should not) be in \vain. For all bootlicking renegades and running dogs - Later for you - your time will come. Power must and will come back where it belongs - in the hands of the expolited people. ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE FREE ALL POLITICAL PRIS- ONERS SEIZE THE TIME THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 8 Black people and the Black Pan- ther Party are bearing the full consequences of fascist American democracy. The daily heightening contradictions clearly expose to the people (as shown in San Fran- cisco’s Mayor, ‘‘Mafloso Alioto'’) the corruption, bankruptcy and hypocrisy of this fascist pig government. The outright hunger, and subtle chronic malnutrition as seen in the faces of Black ghetto youths, the erosion and disappear ance of the rights supposedly guaranteed by the | Constitu- tion, the increased dehumanization and exploitation of the workers, the rapidly declining standard and quality of living, the increased rabid attacks upon White de- senters, Dlack people, and the Black Panther Party, as was most recently evident inthe August 19th, kidnapping of our Chairman Bobby Seale, are oncrete few clear and of what this cist government represents at but a examples home, Today in order to wage a stronger struggle against this fas- cist pig government, we the peo- ple and the Black Panther Party heed the continued support from brothers who have served in the fascist military machine, We need the skills, the technical know-how you possess. We need information dealing with tactics, training and intelligence We need techinical equipment Technical o men, includes everything fron to medical supplies, In the Li ation Army all skills and knowledge you poss will be utilized against this fas- cist pig power structure, and for the people, The people ete foct doctors, and the Party are STOCK ADE SADIST The following letter was sent to the Workers Defense League by Carlos Rodriguez who is cur- rently in segregation in the Ft Dix, New Jersey stockade, He has asked us to send this on to you in the hope that his story will be published for the American peo- ple to read, We believe that after reading this letter you will agree that the conditions in that stockade as de- scribed by Carlos Rodriguez must be exposed, We at the Workers Defense League have received many other letters confirming nearly all of what Mr. Rodriguez says in his letter and our lawyers, who are representing many of the men now being held tn the stoc- kade, have been told the same story by other prisoners. Dear Friend: The story I tell you in this let- ter is 100% fact, I may be court- martialed like many others and it is so important that my story plerce the ears of the people in the world outside the stockade. Chances are that when you read this I will be taken to court, but that is beside the point as long as you discover and can see what the army is really like, In this testimony I will talk most- ly about the Military Police Com- pany working in the stockade, These most involved are the 532nd and the 759th, but the Sd2nd are, in my opinion, the worst, I think that those M.P.s, with a few ex- ceptions, must be psychopathic, Certainly their anti-social andim- moral conduct would indicate something like that for they are sadists. if you think that torture Is no longer used you are wrong, The army has devised these leather belts which they call straps, raps are put on your wirsts with your wrists twisted behind your backas far as they can go and tied to your ankles and you lie with all your weightonyour stomach on the wood- en. bunk because In that positior your chest can't even touch the ground, With this in mind let me give you a few cases, I'll start with Jimmy Friend (of course that Is not his real name because | don't have permission to use it) I was in Mental Hygiene when I looked out the window and saw this pri- soner being taken into segregation, He was being hit on top of the head when all of a sudden he let one g0 and landed on Set. Branhover’s face, (Sgt. Branhover is a lifer) Then they really put it to him The word from Major Casey was “Drop him,’’ As I went then to my cell 1 saw big bruisers go in his cell and they followed Major Ca- sey's orders withenthusiam . He was in the straps about five or six hours. He was laid on a bunch of boards about eight inches off the ground and every thirty minutesor so he was picked up and let fall hitting his head and abdomen, each time from higher up. As a result the man was unable to use his legs without support, his face was bashed up and he couldn't use his arms, He was in extreme pain in every muscle, bone and pore of his body, How long he endured this completely useless and unbearable pain I don’t really know, He was in cell i2 and i was in 14, The next day he was processed out of the pound sick and tired of hearing the cop-out, and the ** Don't worry bro- ther I'll be there when the shit £ * Ho iny murders, unjust imprisonme ;, and exploitation do Black people have to Indure be- fore the rest of you ex-Gls move to join the liberation struggle, Where do you ex-GlIs draw the line? What Is your breaking point? Do you line at your door when you and your family have been Ww the totally isolated? Or are you one of those crazy enough to belleve that what happened to the Jews in Europe, the Indians in America and what ts happening to ¢ r thes and in the 1 ized and neo-colonialized sect of Africa and what is happenir the brothers down the block, isnot going to Involve you and your family, Black Panther Party Minister of GI NAVY I Brothers vear Just a few lines to explain a few things about myself and the Naval service, I'm in the service and! have been for 7 months. I would like to tell all the brothers and sisters to stay away from theWhite pigs’ war, I've done all I can to get out but there Is no hope, | want to be a Black Panther and hold a position as one who will tell you how phony the swine Is, I've written over 14 people with Con- gressional power andall!’ ve gotten from them was, ‘‘No,"" I want to be right here in the service and still help my Black people. I need your help, and you the Black people on the outside need mine, I promise to keep you informed on what's happening. I live in Brooklyn, New York, 39 Moffat Street, but I want you to write me in the service. | want the whole world to know how this place is, i want you to know how to get out, and how to stay in, if you want to be the White man's Munky Please send me your Code of Ethics, and some Black literature, and buttons, Please, | need your help and you need mine Sincerely from a Brother, Paul Isaac Murray PS Write me back, have a lot to tell you! Please, I defense Huey P Newton hasstated that all the skills, knowledge, and even your very lives belong to the people, You worked in, and fought for the fascist military of this racist thieving government in defense of ‘‘the American way of ilfe'', and now you owe the people."’ The American way of lifemeans! for the fascist ruling cireles the unrestricted right to plunder the earth, and to enslave the people, For all Black and Third World Pooples, ‘‘the American way of life’, in its essence means suf- and dying For the ex- White working class, it ans suff if «and dehumani- zation Sguided brothers who have fought to tighten the chains around the necks of all oppressed people have a sacred duty, That duty to break the chains of LETT is exploitation and racism by any means necessary To dare to strike this fascist countryand help bring about a new age. Only when this duty has been fulfilled, only when Africa an all overseas Africans including Blacks in fas- cist America, have been freed from the murderous clutches of the fas- cist imperialism in the U.S will you ex-Gls have cleared the books, Only then will people the world over forgive you for your crimes against humanity. ‘We want free- dom, we want power to determine the destiny of our Black communl- ties." (Point No, 1 ofthe Ten Point Platform and Program of the Black ARM Dear Sir, Hello there, my name IisLionel Anderson, and | am from New Or- leans, I was just released from the United States Army, which wasthe sorriest thing that ever happened to me in my life, The way they used me and my fellow brothers to wage war on oppressed people in Vietnam, Know- ing that are opressed here in the States, descriminated againstas individuals, I was released under a bad conduct discharge for fallure to comply with the ruling class rules, As of now I am an organizer, working here at the Oleo Strut Cof- we Dear fighting Black brothers: I'm sending my money to help in the struggle. I would Iike you to send me the Black Panther News as soon 4s you can 1 am in the White man's Navy, but my heart ts in the street fighting by the sides of Black men for the rights of Black people, 1 was born in West Oakland and will soon be back in Oakland, asmy time will soon be up, I made the mistake of coming in the service, thinking that maybe it's better be- ing in the Navy, But the man got me in a box along with a lot of other Black men, But when we get out, ‘the sky is the limit,’' and 1 will put to rood use the training that the White man has taught me. I need some written support from YOU to help me teach my Black Panther Party) ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE Randy feo House. My job ts to talk and organize Black men from Fort Hood Post. I have been keeping up with your literature and politics, And would like to know a Ltthe more about your projects. | would appreciate a reply from you as soon as pos- sible, I am interested in getting involved with your organization, Thank you very much for letting me take up some of your time, Yours Truly Lionel Anderson Kileen, Texas brothers on the ship. Most ofthe brothers are from the South and are scared to speak out, I have been telling them about the ways of the Whire man, but I want them to read it for themselves, My birth name is Thomas Wal- ker, but the name Thomas don't get it. Could you tell me a name fora Black warrior? Thomas F, Walker BM-3 Deck Diy, USS AGEKHOLM DD826 c/o FPO San Francisco, Ca, 96601 p.s. The ship is In Viet Nam, so please send us soon as you can, Power to the People Right On! u NECESSARY russ pans PAPER FORCE’ June 5th, this Is a true report except | don’t think that the man was put in the straps. I was not in the same cell block at the time, His name is Johnny Sanchez and he has been to Vietnam and risked his life fighting communism andall the Noble Reasons the government produces, The man went through many hardships as anyone who has been to Vietnam knows, When he finally came state-side, the man was a complete nervous wreck. | myself once was startled as one day 1 walked past hiscelland there he was shaking as if his life de- pended on it--perhaps it did. [could go on an talk about the price Johnny Sanchez paid for that war and got nothing out of it but becoming a nervous wreck and I could talk about who is getting the profit from the war, but most people know that now--or they should. they did nothing but passed on by, When they sent him tothe hospi- tal his face--I mean what I'm say- ing--his face was hardly visible a- long side the bumps and blood, He was brought back to segregation at night so no one could see, Out- come, the man was not put in the straps, but put on Code Il (very dangerous) which means shower and shave once a week only, The report when he was taken to the hospital was “Necessary Force Needed and Used," You figure it out and don’t smile, The next thing I tell you Is absolutely true and I can use the person's name because it was me, Carlos Rodriguez, I have nothing to hide and here it goes: I’ve been now in segregation approximately 35 days. If you don't count the few hours I spent outside on June Sth, then I've been here fifty days on ~~ Anyway, he was beat up by four guards, taken to the barber shop and all his hair was cut in front of every single eye in the stockade, I think the army was afraid of a Protest against the treatment and conditions in the stockade and they were making an example of Johnny Sanchez of what they could do to anyone who objected or protested, They were saying that if anyone gets out of hand they would get what Johnny got. And by getting out of hand they meant being at the right place at the wrong time, a smile when It's not supposed to there. Anything as simple as that. I was out of segregation atthe time approximately 2 to 3 hours. Next thing I know there's a disturbance which the army calls a riot, And I'm gack in segregation with about twenty other prisoners. Why, I didn’t know ’till two days later, That's when I find out it's a bum rap--Code 13 (CID investigation) I don’t want to discuss this part 50 much because If I tell too much about the inhuman abuses we suf- fered here, I know how these peo- ple work and they will try tocover their holes, But, I will tell you the report because I heard it from the guards: ‘‘NECESSARY FORCE NEEDED AND USED."’ Before I proceed, let me explain this little saying since It Is not rare that you'll see it in reports: (1) when a prisoner hits a guard, of course they will not state who did the pushing or punching first, what the provocation was, etc, and since we are prisoners we have the benefit of doubt against us and statements will always show the prisoner was at fault. Even guards who don't condone this treatment will not object officially in reports because they have to live withothor guards. (2) When a prisoner re- fuses to do something, and(3) many times as a means to get even or without any justifiable reason, (but they will find one) Jones, which is his real name, “was told by one guard in control, “Don't Smile,"’ A few minutes later a smile came upon his lips and all of a sudden four guards, as if anticipating his smile, came from everywhere, They pounced on this man as never before, When the officers saw what was happening your flag... your futur ain the U.S. ARMY Nov this Bum Trip charge. On July 8th | was told to move from Cell Block 77 to Cell Block 85, After some hassle about a foot locker a Gung-ho PFC Cleland threw my clothes on the floor. I then re- fused to move until someone picked up my clothes and put them back where they belonged. Then Set, Himan called me a punk because he needed all those other guards to back him up. At this time Sp/4 Miller tried to beat me on my back but I noticed him coming and put it towards the wall. Then Sgt, Himan put his hands on me and I tried to portect myself. Sp/4 Miller started punching. Next thing I know all six are trying to put me down. Blows on iny head, pun- ches all over but] covered myface Between all of them theygot medown andtled my hands behind my back andbeganto put onpressure,More punches on my back, sides, head and the next thing | know Sgt. Himan, to prove he ts the man he isn’t, puts my head on the floor, left side up, and leaves an imprint of his boot and bump on the other side. They kicked me in the back of my head and put a foot on the back of my neck and applied pres- Sure, All this after they had put my hands behind me and tiedthem, Iwas completely subdued. Was it ‘*Necessary?"’ No, They later started walking me back and tried to throw me against the edge of a building, but missed, When coming into my cell they punched me, and another prisoner saw them, They tried to put me against the bars of my door, but I side stepped, For that I got another imprint on my left side, So, as you can see, where my story is leading, I'm talking about Military Police Brutality. Most likely, if you have any insight, you will see why these people Re- Up. Simply because of their In- feriority complex that they can- not compete with people on the out- side, And really they can’t because they'd be by themselves and just thought makes them shudder Gls SEEK INJUNCTION On Tuesday, September 16, au- thorities at Ft. Bragg, N.C., in- formed members of G,.1.'s United Against the War in Vietnam that they would not be allowed to dis- tribute their anti-war newspaper, Bragg Briefs. In a communique dated September 15, and signed by Provost Marshall Kriwanek, no reason was offered for the decision despite a May 28 Pentagon direc- tive which clearly states that‘‘co- gent reasons’’ must be provided if the distribution of literature on Army posts is to be denied. G.L's United Against the War In Vietnam filed their requests to distribute on July 4, 1969 and again on July 30, 1969, in ac- cordance with Ft, Bragg regu- lation 210-23, This regulation re- quires notification to the Provost Marshall's office announcing in- tention to distribute; the Army then has seven days in which to answer the notice. Having already made plans to submit a notice of intent to dis- tribute for thelr September Issue before receiving the Army's den- fal, the G.1.'s will continue with their plans and on Wednesday, September 17th, a third Intention to distribute will be filed in the Provost Marshall's office and will be signed by the editorial board of Bragg Briefs, If at the end of seven days there Is no response from the Army, or distribution fs denied, Attorney Leonard Boudin of New York, in association with the G.J. Civil Liberties Defense Committeo, will file suit seeking an injunction to safeguard the right THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 9 gi to distribute, Failure to allow the G.1.'s to distribute their paper is 5 a denial of their First Amend- ment rights, The Army's response to this third request will play a major role in the suits filed at Ft, Jack- son and Ft, Bragg which seek to protect First Amendment rights. These suits, filed last April 1 and May 19 respectively,are pend- f ing before two judges and will be heard this fall. They were filed on behalf of 10 members of G.1.'s United at Ft, Jackson and 18 , members of G.I's United at Ft. | Bragg by attorneys Leonard Boudin of New York, David Rein of Wash- ington, Howard Moore of Atlanta, Laughlin Macdonald of Chapel] Hill, N.C., Thomas Broadwater of Col- umbla SC., and Michael Smith of Detroit, in association with the G.I, Civil Liberties Defense Com- mittee, NOTE: A partial list of spon- sers includes: James Baldwin Carl & Anne Braden Barbara Dane Rennie Davis Dave Dellinger Mazwell Geismar Dick Gregory Terence Hallinan Vince Hallinan Fred Hampton, Deputy Chairman Black Panther Party, linois Norman Maller Pvt. Joe Miles Prof. Sidney Peck Bobby Rush, GIs lead New York demonstration. Deputy Minister of Defense Black Panther Party, Ilinols Pete Seeger Dr. Benjamin Spock Reles Lopez Tijerina ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE BRIG PIG MARINE DIES . . . BEATING CHARGED BRUTE BAN , Some of the Marine Guards at Treasure Island Naval Brig have been over-zealous and may have to serve time or transfer to Mafioso Alloto's civillan goon- squad, The Eagle, Globe, and Anchor is lUsting slightly after having been rammed witha Federal restraining order by U.S District Judge William Sweigert. It seems that the SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) has run afoul of an order handed down by Judge Sweigert after 15 enlisted men filed suit against the guards for acts of brutality at the hands of these ‘‘Champlons of Freedom,"' The 100-year reputation of the Naval and Marine Service for run- ning the most brutal and sadistic September 22, 1969 Parris Island, S.C. A Marine recruit at the Parris Island Training Center, allegedly beaten by supervisory personnel, died yesterday at the State jails is still in-tact although its been closely challenged by San Francisco, Arkansas, and many southern civilian jails Naturally the Navy had no com- ment, but too many people have been in the Marine Corps and Navy for this bull---t to warrant an Medical University Hospi- investigation. Just ask anyone tal In Charleston. who's had the honor to serve Private Stephen FE. Melson, 28, of Millsboro; Del., had been in the hospital suffering from a chronic kidney ail- ment. Marine officials said there “Was some basis’ to reports that Melson received some physical injuries before le succumbed to his illness, Captain V. R. Arnold, in- formation services officer, said yesterday that an inves- tigation was continuing into the case and that findings would be announced today. “lt is pretty conclusive that we will be able to name one or more of the persons involved,” Arnold said. "We should be able to confirm that there are persons who will be charged with abuse of the boy.” Arnold Indicated Saturday night that the investigation pointed in the direction of drill instruction personne: He said thut at least one Marine had been reliéverd o° his duties pending cotple tion of the investigation The investigation be tar when “Melson told hospitss personnel in Charleston tha: he had been kicked and beat en. Physicians sald the kid ney illness was “not tie re. sult of physical injury.”’ United Pres as an enlisted man. The sadistic, brutal, and inhuman treatment is probably the world's most well- known secret Big Brother has, at least tem- porarily, ordered the goon-squad to lighten-up a bit but since this is no isolated incident one might as well arm oneself with a feather and a marshmallow and order the Marine Corps to dis- band, It's common knowledge that the olivedrub goon squad can never be unprogrammed after a century of program-— med madness, The Marine Corps maims and kills far to many In the name of ‘‘training'’, so it's under~ standably necessary to do maxi- name of mum damage in the ‘‘rehabilitation,"’ We are eagerly awaiting a Cinema- Scope ‘epic’? with John Wayne playing the part of a dedicated, distraught, unappreciated, but dedicated Brig Guard, It's rapidly becoming clear that the Marine Corps 1s out-distancing the Green Berets in trying to protect its Hollywood image. It's an uphill battle because people have noses and Government-issue bull---t smell worst than any other kind, ALL POWER TO THE PRISONERS MESSAGE FROM THE MINISTER OF DEFENSE HUEY P. NEWTON ! ON THE PEACE MOVEMENT... The Feare Moverent is mely tnyoctam, mere impor et thas T though fi was, say, re years sge. Matter of fact, If a coe af the most important movements thats going os at tits time, Be couse § persot is tn Ge Peace Movemert and be worts wh Be Peace Movement, the D Move meet is sot pecensartly & pett- fhet reovement | think that ie ree- sch | place #0 wach emphasia DOW “8 Or Muvemest | see nat if peace Were te come siewt Qs woud force a fe-avalestice and a revebetion te the beatae etc sje compestijon of the cowry, “i Sepa that further, Pee fostance, we atl bewe new thls We & Eerriwes state, the wartare state, And this ts sot by eceddent After captialtem reaches & pout where 1 no longer expand, i jooks fot other srenees, viher Gepostie, ether places | expext the capitalistic taterest saad at hee time «= puper-capitaliets (we Anew peophe ike General Motors, Chrystier, Genera! Dynamics, and sil. the SUPER COMPANIES..f understam? theres about Te Gat costrel the whole eccocery of tes country) and these companies, tn- Chuting the avtoeosttly tom paris that 1 jest samped are ibe prime er they are the military one, They ren the cule platip aa Tar as geting the tracts from the Featagos. ( lor made that batch of tanks that . <hahly sam ie the pm: ® contract me government ont with the agua. ta other words, super etpment. And this tate milstary equipment is thes ptaced tary te foreign eoett final depoatior pentable goods, much as Viet Pam, such as whet happened in te Dominl- can Vepediic some pears ago, mn her words, wits the wedding of the tedustry with the Pentagos. they beve © Ge6 Evers | te Aad they bevest te military me octis eacettadle = the oo of % and mist ew umes + wes is & perpeteal type of process We Anow pew Gat oe 4 secret pect with Thellsad. These things are not ty sc are sot ty be ifs all part ef. swer-plun & der to kee the scecomy geing, What woult on then, if pence eto come sheet? Wf peace were to come stot then you woulde’t Rave that final for modabte goods serplas woelt then be turned beck tote Ge country. The mliitery te ais the retailed de~ fense plan lacast rt. roa Y would te & at Awd this ts ety ne ofthe micas repr = porting the (he ATL-ClO supported the tevesicn < oe Dwintatcan it forced ost 2 Teach reapoe, they kacw thet as jong as the war goes os, hes they can exploit the people thromgh taxation and aise the pocele throwge heme Letease we sent suldiers, pus soe because they're expend people ate expetdatie in i@ beep If guteg, to a the contrarta apyeee 16 Khel oc teverec ergumenes of the cap te thet Arner # 1s net an impo dastic coumry because the tracts - thewal ways dad mesns of impertal tac be “dr mory of ie row me rials ind refine Gem ts the rulemy, In the developing coentry OT send them ta the wuther comtry be retieed or refine them and sei] wom tack st = high price to the dentaet people, And the arguoeat ts thar Ainerica is pet Goby tut WeGon't seed what's ic Vietam we Goel seed acy equtpeent, aac the few materials ost of Vietnam,” . thin ia wery tre T of pessied me for a whi relat 1 post | ubderstesd itat something mew has happened. (2a! wilh the wodtong of ecleate With iedustry, wih Ge Mrduatrial plants, that Amartes tas solved the baste protiem of raw Materials Uroagh ayettetics and threvgh Beowing bow © use raw materiale that are already here eet using them te @ variety of *aye, Gareture hewging the plants gulag. Go, therefore thie ta the tevared urgument of the rapitaliat ‘Se, we mast be Gare le step commuiam or * of eubver sim. ¥ i, Hewertive © Dut whee's overionted ba the thas ee wupel- Capitalists kaow we foe’! sees ta rage ibe coutry. | tink Cube was the jerning poom where if wae ert of the irs. S@tiosal colors ned commtry, Aed PL lejeet thks and chal is that Oot we Cunneet Le tek we eed the positions, thet angie mill lary poeltions, which we bnwe thet the Us «eed any mrsiegte military positians beceuse they «) ready Mave enough oe wet 16 de- tend Uiule courary from eny peiet in the wor we were attacked, & they could caly te et ue (hs Gere unity ba dep sitery ter expenctalte And ta tredtitesal bnper pecgle from the meter coumry useally eo to Ge colony, set ep govern ment and there the gowertment heeds and alee the leeders of the Petet, ae L ple from the mether country have toh gone to (he colvatend country eyed tc position, bet it's #1) teen turned beck tnic America, The defense crt ractore jocky for pottiion pow tn the metter couatry, Tow eee, for ense coetrects. And then they set ep & peppet foversment oF 3 imilflary regine eo Mul they cad supply these Guredoping countries wits military eqatoment. And they really don’t want te be in ¥ the teveloping ¢ (hey feel (ert they have dons thi: Chey ve boeght off the militaries in these various developing coun- ‘ies @o Gut they wil) cocky he an ATs Of the Pestsgon, tor instance, the military regime th Greece, So therefore, (ney Bave full centred Of the imfittary officers, through buying them off, paytng them Ma ea oe Se0 oo forth oo they teal et (ey woot bare to send Amertcan troops, and (herefers, they won't dieiurh urcosee chaos i Amet ica asd (the Dothar cours, Gut whet happres wher atta feaied? They you jorcementa to @ army that Ceveloping country, ’ * gOrerement becogy swject to ihe army, Aad the ar becomes suspicices of the civil Covernmert tp these Sevek comsiries, bets: they are tolé by the Peetagon throug’ ledectrt- sation and money that ihe civil guvermment is commute or & threat te the tation. So thes you have milit ond Gils la inc over wis ‘ ef your military ts send Wi what happens ever the support of the al we haw, we have re am imperialistic variation of } “erialism, Ap sald before, the jockeying fer positioe af power be peice of the tn fact. wave beer her © * Amert tentied. M one ime J thought that gaty Biacks were colonized, Bet | teink we Dawe t ” cur rhetoric te be whole Amer~ ec ent beceues 0 than the 1 these developing coun. (he militaries operate, are Ue potete thal we n me to get ac 4 to Che people to show them thal we are « colonized people and iM their conscloussess a fx to have a soccesstal revotatica Well, anyway, 1 weer t go oo with hat, B hope you get ihe petat, I tepe I'm clear enough. Mut, hie why he Peace do eotle so important, tf Peace Move- ment Ls evccesstil, thes the revo ulion wil! eccoseful. Uf the Peace Movermem fills, then the woleticn in ¢ country words the people found war hen the whole economy woeld go Sown the drain because > wave to have & planed « to combat i cauned the ateesce of any incentive the factories to go. New war Le the tecentive for the military comtracters So thie fe why ft te very im portant that we have cocmmunice= thone with, mot only cosmmminicee fons ® gage ie writing bs cur paper that we sep ttw Peace Stove . actually eet cul and support it is verte = ways through lberstere xt Gewtemstrations be all ewaye that the people strogele aga the attagonistic ruling captiniiet fame «ly order to bring stout chatee, because we waging the struggles tle forces are the elements sence Of al) change « int we’ re just ived inae + forces, t ie the people who work for & living and the people who own we sheet oo acd explott ter their © € Se we beve ties apd we vee and & aol sre esd dij we koow who victories, And the enemy |e acd what the sttuation le we will only be marking time, Teen the Teece Mo ent doen't compromise te tenne ples, We ett]! will defend corse! ves against attack and sgninet agreae sion. Wut overall, we re advecat- ing the ead to al) wars, Dut, yet, we support the sett a nese peuple and all the peo are strugeling ALL, POWER Te THE PROPLE 7 FP. Dewtos sister of Defense Mace Pasther THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 12 Pvt. Jorge Caputo of Fort Dix, New Jersey, was charged two months ago with a violation of Article 9] of the Uniform Code of Military Justice disrespect to a senior nomcommusioned officer. Specifically, Jorge told a Sergeant Bushfan to quit “fucking” with him and alse called him a “fucker.” Prior to testimony at a court-martial, members of the court-martial buard are questioned so as to deter mine whether they might be prejudiced against the ac- cused. If so, they can be challenged and dismissed. The following are excerpts from the questioning of the pres- ident of the board, a 1.t. Colonel Baily Q. Do you think the Vietnam war is just? A. 1 don't know. Q. If you were given an order to napalm Harlem, would you comply? A. If the President ordered it, of course | would Q. What if a team of lawyers told you it was not a legal order? A. | would do it anyway, if so ordered. Q. Do you think the German generals should have been brought to trial, even though they were only “fol- lowing orders,” and if so, should they have been pun- ished? A. Well, some of them. Q. Does a soldier have a right to say what he wants to? A. Yes. Q. Does he have the right to write what he wants to? A. Yes. Q. Does he have the right to pass out papers on and off Post? A, Yes. Q. Does he have the right to pass out Shakedown on Fort Dix? A. Well [after some thought], I'm not sure about that Q. Did you ever hear the word “fuck?” A. Yes Q. When was the last time you heard it used? A. 1 don’t know, two or three days ago Q. Did you ever use the word? A. Yes, a long time ago, when I was a little boy . But [like to think I’ve gotten over that. Q. Did you hear “fuck” used fairly often on Fort Dix? A. No. not at all. It is a word unbecoming to the officer corps. | don’t mingle with people who use words like that. When I hear language like that, | just move away. For his offense Jorge was Jound guilty and sen- tenced to two montis at hard labor and fined $80/ month for two months. Jorge has been in the Army since January, and lias managed to accumulate only three weeks of “good time.” Actually, the intent of his latest sentence is te put him out of circulation again, for he is an active antiwar organizer within the Army. FTA. -edited from Shakedown, an underg ound paper published by and ‘for Ft. Dix Gls Gls ORGANIZE CO COMMITTEE COLUMBIA, S.C. (LNS) -- G.1.'s at Ft. Jackson have organized a committee for soldiers interested in becoming conscientious objec- tors, The Army, in characteristic fashion, is going out of its way, and against its own reguiations, to suppress the committee, Army regulations provide that a G.1. who has changed his beliefs since entering the Army can ap- ply for non-combatant status or discharge as a conscientious ob- jector on the basis of religious training and bellef, The initial application for elther of these Status changes takes between six weeks and three months to re- turn from the Dept. of the Army. The committee maintains that an applicant could conceivably spend a full two years trying to get recognition as a conscientious ob- jector, The committee has put out writ- ten material about the intricacies oftapplying for non-combatant sta- tus and discharge. Those who are interested should contact: Box 1197 Columbia, South Carona 29202. From A Black Marine Dear Sir: Well, the first thing 1 would like to explain is my dressing my brothers as sir is mainly because | haven't become as aware as you, as far as my people are concerned. | am a Pvt. in the United States Marine Corps who just finished doing a 3 months sen- tence in Konehe Marine Corps Air Station Brig for pocession of mari- and a few other charges, While carring time in whiteys jail 1 found out who | was and my debt to:my people as 4 black man, The reason | am writing you is to gain more knowledge about the things that are taking place tn this corrupt society, A few weeks ago the Brothers here had a riot which | feel was very relevant, Hawaii is not a place where you can find the kind of literature | am seeking. If pos- sible | would like to subscribe to reason for ad- juana any magazines, or papers that are published by the Panthers, This information contained in your pam- phlets and papers would show me the society we live in and the role I should be playing, Well, 1 won't bore you with anymore silly requests, | plan to join the Panthers and 1 would like to know what is happening so | will be Slightly ahead of the game when I join. My address is on the front soon, Thank You, PS, Please, excuse me for writ- ing in pencil but 1 am now is the field training to kill my brothers the Viet Cong, Don't worry I won't kill my own people. Whitey dosen't know it but he ts traig ing me to kill him when Site uation arises, S$ EDITORS NOTE: We understand that the Marine Corp is the strongest bastion of racism and ignorance in the US, military complex. Wf the brother who authored this letter is aracist. He’ js probably justified. There are two evils to fight capitalism and racism, Uf this black Marine understand that the “Viet Cong” are in fact his brothers then be also understands that Saigons pup- pet troops are traitors, toms, and bootlickers, We hope that with a growing Consciousness he Comes to understand that all **whiteys"’ are not on the same side end thar all *“*brothers*’ are hot on the same Side, ALL POWER TO "THE \PEOPLE BOE OO r At present our armed forces form a body of the army inside each front, and they can disperse them- selves to any place within the front. In the next stage we will be able to disperse units to any front that might be necessary. For example, some weeks ago one body of the army together with groups from other places made a general cam- ign in which they attacked all the rtuguese fortresses of Quinera. I want to emphasize that the lead- ership of the struggle is the leader- ship of the Party. Inside the Political Bureau there is a War Council over which I preside as Secretary-General of the Party. There is no important military ac- tion in our land that does not pass through my hands. When there were fronts, sectors, and units, they had autonomy for normal, daily ac- tions within certain bounds, but from then on any extensive modifi- cation, any new action, passed and still passes through the hands of the War Council and, specifically, through my hands. The commandos of the fronts execute the decisions made by the War Council. For example, the at- tack on the port of Bissau was planned by us, with every precau- tion. The only setback was that it wasn't carried out when it had been planned’ for because of material dif- ficulties. There was a delay of sev- eral days, but it was planned by us in a meeting with all the com- rades where we even chose which mérn Were to go. That gives an idea of how much our work has been centralized. In relation to the development of the struggle as a guerrilla war, we consider that ours developed like a living being, in successive stages. Many times a Renee paseed ra idly: other times slowly. We never head a stage: each time a stage was ex- hausted: we advanced a little more. This gave a total harmony to our struggle. At the beginning we didn’t speak of an army, and even now we do not speak of a general . We created small guerrille groups that performed their activi- ties, and they were tightened and tightened until they constituted an army, the regular forces. All of these are rigorously controlled and military inspection is regularly car- ried out. "We passed from one phase to another, and by 1967 we reached the fina] stage: all the guerrilla forces Were regular forces. At present our Party’s armed for- ces are composed, in addition to the regular forces, of the people’s armed militia with a base in the liberated ns, want to point out that before that, our guerrilla bases were ac- tually villages, but little by little We terminated this: we reduced the bases, dividing them in twos and threes, and finally we ordered the tion of this type of bases. Now they don't exist; there are our People’s villages and there exist “aq of support for our armed The order was extremely Useful because it came at a moment which the Portuguese had pin- Pointed all of our bases on the map of their and they in- S E | THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY 77 CONTINUED FROM LAST WEEK From Tricontinental May - June 1969 by Amiicar Cabral one there. We had eliminated the famous guerrilla bases just in time. The enemy tried to behave in our land in very much the same manner as in the colonial wars it carried out against other peoples. Thinking that we were going to invade our country from Guinea and Senegal, the Portuguese's first strategy was.to collect the troops on the borders in order to prevent here what had happened in northern Angola. They were wrong because the fight began a hundred kilome- ters inside the territory, and that cost them many losses. Later they immediately dispersed their forces and in such a small country as ours established almost a hundred for- tified posts. A net of fortresses was installed which, as the struggle be- came intensified, had to be moved to more secure positions. Today there is a lesser number of fortres- ses in virtue of the constant attacks against them. The tactics of the Portuguese are those common to this kind of strug- gle. From the moment they felt that we were beating them badly, they began their bombardments and burned our villages, to terrorize the people and keep them from sup- porting us. The fundamental worry of the enemy in this type of fight- ing is to deny the guerrilla the sup- port of the population. That gives an idea of the importance the peo- ple's support has for the guerrilla struggle. The enemy understands this also and therefore commits every possible barbarity to prevent it. But the more outrages the Por- tuguese commit, the firmer the peo- ple become when they have achieved a certain political con- sciousness. The Portuguese carried out var- ious raids against our bases which, in all fr ess, were sometimes successful, especially until our troops could remain surrounding their garrisons. Our troops advanced to such a point that we ambushed the Portuguese 500 meters away from their fortresses. That paralyzed . the enemy. From then on they in- creased their bombardments and began to use napalm and white phos- phorous on a large scale; and- they attacked the coasts of our liberated areas with gunboats and other ships. At the same time they put into play political propaganda aimed at dissuading and demoralizing the population. Above all much of the radi propessnds accused us of all possible things. They said we were Communists, that we were going to suppress religion and the traditional chiefs, that we were dupes of the foreigners, etc. They also tried to give the impression that the Africans were going to lead themselves, and they created a “governing council” in which they placed almost exclu- sively Africans. They modified their relations with the Africans, from offering them fellowships and good positions in their jobs, to letting them pass first in the streets. These tricks didn't bring the desired re- sults; our people know very well that if it weren't for the PAIGC, if it weren't for the struggle, there would be none of these things. Ob- viously, this is not to say that there were no traitors, that there were no people who A tr from going to the side of Portuguese. I think it's unnecessary to charac- terize the tactics and strategy of the Portuguese because they are more or less a copy of those em- ployed by the United States in Viet- gi : = f > ots “va © INTERNATIONAL: NEWS . THE POWER OF ARMS the Assembly on November 27 dem- onstrates this. When a chief of government has to say that he is going to “defend a ‘province’ at any price,” it is because he knows that fi Cabri Seorgtery-Generat the PAIGC, accompanied by Joao (“Nino”) Vieira, menr beret the Counc of Coot ne si clin waits opereting in the Bolane and Ganaan Nam. The only difference is that they do not ss the same equip- ment as the United States. The Por- tuguese carried out massive land- ings: combined land-sea and air or land-river and air operations. But they were beaten. We wait until they arrive and install themselves in their barracks, and then we launch our attack. At the beginning, the helicopters hurt us a lot, especially the surprise attacks against our people. But now we are successfully ‘confronting the helicopters. They fall victim to our pee and the Portuguese have n forced to conclude that their helicopters cannot win the war for them. Something very important in this context is that the Portuguese have no prob Saas in the Cape Verde is- lands. When we begin the action there the struggle in Guinea will be practically over. It is not an in- dispensable condition for the termi- nation of the struggle; it can end without this prerequisite. But the day that the action is extended to Cape Verde, the struggle will be practically ended. With regard to the position of the Portuguese in the war, we are of the opinion that they are carrying it out because of the criminal policy of their government, and because they are afraid of decolonialization, Portugal is an underdeveloped coun- try, it is a semicolony of England, the United States, and other coun- tries; it doesn’t have an economic structure that permits it to practice neocolonialism; and it fears competi- tion with other countries. It prefers the role of intermediary to having to withdraw from Angola. It prefers to let Angola be exploited by the United States, Belgium, England, etc., rather than moving out and leaving it only to the others. In our c case, in Guinea, the only that prevents Portugal from withdrawing is the precedent it would set, because everyone knows that the Portuguese are in very bad shape. Marcelo Caetano’s speech in there is no “province” here, and that if at one time this land was their colony, it has now ceased to be so. And since we are speaking of Caetano, let me say that in our opinion the change in the head of Portugal’s Government has no sig- nificance. We have never fought against the policy of one man; we were never fighting against Salazar; nor against fascism. The Portuguese patriots have to i against Portu- guese fascism. e are fighting i Portuguese colonialism, which is not the offspring of Sala- zar but of the situation of the class domination in Portugal and the im- perialist situation in general Be- cause the dominant Portuguese ruling class could not hold our fone if it were not for the support of world imperialism, represented by the United States, the German Federal Republic, and others. There- fore, Marcelo Caetano is a crea- tion of Portuguese colonialism and world imperialism who does no more than try to preserve his job when he states that he is going fe “defend at any price” our lands. But we are going to make him pay very dearly and he won't be able to snatch anything away. The colonialists are oing to pay dearly in Portuguese ives and materials that we shall destroy, and we are going to take over our land. The clear proof of what we say is that 1968 was for us an extraordinary year of sound mili- tary and political victories. CONT. NEXT ISSUE ALL POWER T0 THE PEOPLE THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 14 The battle in Hiepduc Valley began with an enemy attack against an Army hilltop artillery base on Aug. 11. Two North Vietnamese Army regiments— between 1,500 and 3,000 troops By the end of August, cight allied battalions totalling at least 3,000 troops had been committed to the fight Who won? Saigon military spokesmen said the enemy yacd were involved been routed. Danang spokesmen said the enemy had been hurt so badly that it would probably take several months for the units to recover. Spokesmen for Marine and Army divisional headquarters said the enemy had retreated into the mountains for resupply and troop replacement after u tough, hard buttle. At regiment and brigade levels, it was said that the enemy had been hurt but could probably attock again soon, Officers in « huarge of the fighting in the villey said it wus a close and hard fight American soldiers who fought said they thought they had been besten, even though the enemy suffered more casualties lany of the New York Times BRIEFS VIETNAM (LNS) Top secret operations are being launched in Vietnam to kill or capture American deserters fighting for the NLF, te i London Express story re- printed June 24 in the New York Post. The ordered as the problem of troops going AWOL In the war becomes increasingly serious, according operations have been Zones Many of them are black soldiers, who let it be known they are des- erting as a gesture in support of the Black the U.S, At American headquarters in Saigon a spokesman confirmed the latest figures showed deser - tions In rate of nearly ten a day. He was Liberation Movement in Vietnam are running at the unable to reveal the tota] number of deserters, many join nor is it known how “the enemy.'’ In the Danang area, a group of Black deserters formed a Black Power platoon and held regular drill par- ides near a village, Those who do defect are ex- tremely helpful to the NLF, They take with them detailed knowledge of how to work American equip- ment and how American units op- erate, In the Mekong Delta there have been reports of deserters using Stolen radios to cut in on Army wavelengths to misdirect artillery and helicopter fire. These men are considered such 4 menance that Green Berets are ordered to kill them if it is impossible to cap- ture them alive. So far there have been no reports of a court martial of any American who joined the NLF, USA. -- The U.S. Army has developed an exceptionally potent form of THC (synthetic marijuana) as powerful as LSD, for use in warfare as anon-lethal*'incapaci- tating agent’’ which, according to Project Director Dr. H,G, Pars of the research firm of Arthur D, Little, Inc., of Cambridge, Mass., who collaborated on the Defense Department contract (YD A 18-108-AMC-103. A ), would **make the enemy too confused to fight.’’ September 7, 1969, p. 2 Vinh Lam (LNS) -- Twenty-five G.1,’s stationed at the port city of Vinh Lam staged a demonstration against the Vietnam war recently, according to a dispatch from Vier- nam’s Liberation Press Agency. The Vietnamese agency also said that G,1,"s mutinied and killed two officers in the town of Thach Tru, in Quang Ngai province, South Viet- namese police reportedly indicated that the two officers were shot in an explicitly anti-war protest, When everybody nice sunny day in Saigon to cele- brate noteworthy patriotic event or other, they, together with some gentlemen like Bunker, Thieu, and French Ky, lift their voices in singing the regime's rou them, Surprisingly enough, the song doesn't colonialism, but summons the people to ‘*go for- ing National An- praise goes out on & Saigon it ought to know. He’s Luu Huu Phuoc, a Viet Minh youth leader who graduated later to the Nat- jonal Liberation Front when the gone, Thar should have been embarrassing to the Saigon brass, who coopted the song ‘as part of their attempt to cash in on Vietnamese nationalism. But they went right on singing the words were ward for the glory of the Father- of Phuoc, who, by the way, is now land’’, Its first line proclaims that ‘tthe nation nears the day of lib- ture eration”, Minister of Information and Cul- in the new Provisional Re- volutionary Government of South It does, and the guy who wrote Vietnam, VIETNAMESE MILITIA WOMEN, PRACTICE FOR A FURTHER DUELS WITH U.S. SEVENTH FLEET MEXICO MEXICO CITY (LNS) -- A revy- olutionary bi-lingual journal of poetry and the arts, E) Corno Emplumado, has been forced to suspend publication and its editor harassed by the Mexican govern- ment ag part of Its aystematic repression of supporters of last year’s student strike. The journal has published Latin American rev- olutionary poetry and pro-Cuban material, Margaret Randall, editor of the journal, began injecting a political tone into it a few years ago, publishing poetry by Che and Otto Rene Castillo, The journal act- ively supported the student strike last year, Since the repression of the journal, the government has refused to give Margaret a pass- port BOLIVIA LA PAZ (LNS) -- The Bolivian Army of National Liberation (ELN) is reportedly active and solidiy maintained in its bases despite recent arrests and weapons seiz- ures by the Bolivian government. The Bolivian Minister of the Interior, Colonel Eufronio Padilla, admitted that the government had been unable to affect the struc- ture of the revolutionary organizs- tion and had no information what- ever concerning the hideout of Guido ‘Inti’ Peredo, leader of the ELN, according to Presa Latina, Inti was one of the few sur- vivors of Che's guerrilla force that was destroyed late in 1967, THE WORLD INTERNATIONAL TIMES -- The CIA has discovered that, in most countries, the soundest and most easily exchanged currency is a cacket of opium or itsdérivatives, It has over 3 times the value of gold and maintains its value even after dilutions, Since 1947 the intelligence ser- vices of many countries have act- ively engaged dn refining and dis- tributing narcotics, The U.S, buys uncured opium in Lads and trans- ports it by plane through Thal- land Into Vietnam where it is uesd as currency, _—— Sie KATHLEEN = 4 _ The so-called Neighborhood House has repeatedly divorced it- from the predominately Black communities of North Richmond, he *‘Neighborhood'’ House has h constantly telling us that they not federally subsidized and they are only receiving dona- from ‘‘private’’ sources. In their annual report of 1968, Neighborhood'’ House should vide training and technical as- tance to local residents and lo- community groups, The bulk of @ services, of course, should Tesponsive to the needs that Gefined by the involvement and ation of the community . This insures quality and ms priority for requesting 5, & major function of our “What “Neighborhood House is y telling the people its if become invol and partici- in caplitulating to this mad rmment that has us in the po- h we are in, then we will help 1 out just like the government is hg us.’" _ The staff of ‘‘Neighborhood'’ wouse, headed by ‘I'm Black and Proud’’ Jessie Smallwood had oftheir lackeys riding around community of North Richmond u akers, Oinking to the t, “We have monies (thou- of dollars) for jobs, monies ren ion of houses and ‘Richmond, We're having a at Minnie Lue's and all pple of North Richmond are to rn (they didn’t say on, myself, andas many n (block brothers) as I'm writing this letter exclu- sively to all the sisters out there, in a way that maybe all of you can understand what it Is I'm trying to say. To you Sister, the whore of the Black ghettos giving up your body to the slum of the earth just for the love of a freak punk, trying to play the part of a man. And you Sister, the Black student going to the many colleges and universities, Institutions designed by the ruling class to teach the lowest form of education in its refusal to give you a true educa- tion. And to you Sister, who go to these jobs that turn you Intosoclal robots in them typing pools, and keypunch sections, etc. with your $450.00 a month pay, just enough to keep you in constant debt paying on those revolving charge accounts that you had to get to keep your wardrobe together, so youcan goto work looking out of sight like all the rest of your fellow robots. Andalso that ‘‘Sister,’' who thinks she’s had a luck break In this capi- talistic society and sold her talents and good looks to these avaricious businessmen, and feels like she Is no longer a part of the many oppressed people, piling up those petty bourgeoisie tendencies on her back, And even ‘‘You Sister,’’ who had to spend some time behind prison walls, that these mother- {--kin sadists have built to expose you to all their f---ed up homo- sexual bags, and bisexual hangups, leaving your minds distorted with “OINKS” we could reach, went on to the luncheon given by ‘Neighborhood’ House for the community, When we got there, a bootlicking, aloof acting nigger came to the door and told us, ‘‘you can’t come in here unless you are guests of Jessie Smallwood because this is a PRIVATE PARTY." Seeing the obvious contraction of what he was saying as opposed to what the Jessie Smallwood's clique had said to the public, we created confusion at the door and then stepped back on the corner, It worked because about 5 minutes later here comes old Jessie Small- wood, (She's hip enough to know what's happening) She said “‘Why sure, you all can come in’’, Seizing the opportunity for fur- ther Investigation, we went In, What a sight!!! There were many Black people’’ there and a few Whites, They all were sitting at the tables in their respective business sults oinking over some godd----d chicken, black-eyed peas, rice, greens, cornbread muffins and rolis (for those who preferred rolis,) A brother that went {n with us, and had been living in Rich- mond for 23 years, said that the majority of the *‘people’’ that were there didn’t even live in North Richmond! Upon receiving us, Jessie Small- wood directed us to the stools at the bar while the avaricious businessmen oinked in their com- fortable seats, we know thal all of the people there weren't oinking. The aliens began to feel uneas about the fact that real peopl from the ghetto were there, 50 as not to interfere with their digestion, we split and left them to wallow in their madness. a lot of bullshit, And you ‘Black Mothers,"’ out there on welfare because your man couldn't stand the pressure of raising a family ‘of five or six children because he was being exploited on his job all the while he was trying to keep food in his children's mouths leaving you to become hard and cold towards every man that looks at you, \*JUST CHECK THIS ouT!"" The Black Panther Party, isour Saviour, | know you can relate to that, because we all came from christian backgrounds telling us that someday somebody was going to come along and get us out of all this shit, ‘‘So be it,’* the Van- guard Party has in its midsts all the Black Prophets and Black Leaders of this generation, they are the advanced detachment for the masses of all oppressed peo- ple. Brother Huey P. Newton, Min- ister of Defense of the Black Pan- ther Party, has laid down the role and the way of the Black mans plight for his brothers to follow, Brother Eldridge Cleaver, Min- ister of Information has laid open his entire life history to show the people that he indeed administers the correct information to the peo- ple, Immediately upon finding out that these two brothers were a threat to the ruling class, which has kept up in this true state of “Hell,” the racist pigs vamped on them putting one in jail and the other tn exile. _ JESSIE SMALLWOOD TO RICHMOND After seeing ‘‘Neighborhood’’ House’s practice, we must make an objective conclusion: Jessie Smallwood and all her bootlicking, crumb taking, her selling out of the peoples principles are defi- nitely not designed to serve the people, In fact, what they are in North Richmond for, Is for the specific purpose of undermining the peoples just struggle. ‘‘Neigh- borhood’’ House isnot here to show the people correct methods of how to obtain their basic desires and needs, We (Eddie Denton and myself) talked to many people in the com- munity and they are saying that Jessie Smallwood and the ‘‘Neigh- borhood’’ House can take their $92,000 gift from the government and stick it up their motherf--king a--es!! The “Neighborhood’’ House ts functioning just lke all the rest of the federally subsidized pro- grams, that ts to buy off poten- tial revolutionary forces by giving them appeasement in the form of 0.3 T. (on the job training) Jessie Smallwood is saying that we can have part of the ple, but we can't have what we are entitled to land, bread, housing, education, cloth- ing, jusitce and peace. Jessie Smallwood and her clique are gonna’ have ta come on down with the people or get to steppin! ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE FREE HUEY FREE BOBBY FREE ALL POLITICAL PRISON- ERS SEIZE THE TIME Daoud Black Panther Party, Richmond Hranch THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 15 Brother Bobby Seale, Chairman of the Black Panther Party, had taken on the great burden of con- tinuing to educate and Ilberate the people from this oppressive and exploitative existence that we now live under, now he's in jail also, Hundreds of brothers have fallen into step with these great revo- lutionary brothers in their effort to obtain the true nature of being whole and complete men, only true men dedicate their lives to those they love, only true men know and realize that their love has to be deep enough and real enough toin- clude all of humanity now suf- fering in this despicable state of affairs being run by the madmenof the world, “(CHECK IT OUT SISTER,"" what is it that we've all wanted from our Black mates and Black brothers for so long? Going back as far as the days of slavery we've wanted our men to stand up and be heard, to be the one to determine his own desti- ny and the the destiny of the people, haven't we worked for this, stolen, lied and whored for this? Are we going to let the greed and oppression and brainwashing of this decadent society prevent us from being the strong and gra- clous women that we truly are? In checking it out, | would say 1 wouldn't I'd say that I will have to stand with my brothers in this crucial and most important time ASSASSINATION LIST LIE There is a purported assassi- nation lst allegedly compiled by the Milwaukee Branch of the B.P.P This Ust is supposed to ibe comprised of the local avari- clous businessmen, These local avaricious busi- essmen have been told by the representatives of the Milwaukee City government that there Is a move a foot by the Milwaukee Panthers to assassinate them, Let me say,.,!' That there ts no such list and never has been one, This is just another plot by the reactionary, fascist racist pig power structure to incarcerate some more of the people’s ser- vants! The role of the B.P.P plays in the Black Community ts by Serving the needs of the people, Not through reactionary actions like that of the pig power struc- ture, But by recognizing the peo- ples needs and meeting them head on! This is an example of the dema- gogy and terror employed by the pig power structure as exempli- fled in the arrest of the New York 2! and Conn, 8, The reason this press con- ference was called, because we were availed to this information prior to any such arrest, We would like the people to be informed so that in the event any such arrest should take place, they would be aware that it is another genocti- dal attack against the People eration Party, Being conducted by th fascist pig power structure, The B.P.P. and its members are servants of the people and educators of the masses, Not gangland mad-dog assassinators. FREE ALL POLITICAL PRISON- ERS ALL POWER Nate Bellamy Lt. of Information TO THE PEOPLE ERIKA in all of mans history, I'd say that for once in my life I can truly be his comrade, his sister, his woman, and his childrens mother, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE Ida L. Walston PANTHERS AND PEACE-NICS Dr. Benjamin Spock's tone of national prominence has changed from baby doctor to an elightened fighter against imperialism, during his speech at the National Liturgical Conference Spock made several references to the corre- lations between racism and capl- talism; capitalism and imper- falism; the military-industrial complex and the unjust war being waged against the Vietnamese peo- ple. After elaborating on the war in Vietnam Spock went on to state his reason for seeing the need and committment of the Black Panther Party. ‘The Black Panther Party represents the oppressed people of this country’', He further ad- vised the audience of approx. 3500 to seek projects relevant to the masses, Previous to his speech the Capt. of Defense Dakin Gentry and Field Lt. Felix Welch had made a presen- tation. Captain Dakin gave a brief run down on the purpose of the Party and an explanation of the saying ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE... He also related to the audience how racism is perpetuated by the present system, Upon hearing this the crowd grew more and more enthusiastic, The local chapter of the National Committee to Combat Fascism was briefed by Felix, witha more elab- orate explanation of the petitions for Decentralization of the Police to follow, The audience then under- stood all of the whys for this move and responded favorahly. From this/one gathering we can se¢ more people are becoming aware of the desperate situation in this country and are seeking out the Vanguard for the answers, it ts our function to continue to educate the le, that they may purge this ¢ ry of its decadent system of exploitation, ALL POWER TO THE PEOPLE Jaki THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 CONT, FROM LAST WEEK Pig O,Brien.. “L want to kill a nigger so goddamned — bad | can taste it!” HE killed George Baskett. The CRU worked with blacks, Latinos, Orientals and, even- tually, the hippies of the Haight-Ashbury. Not only “com- munity leaders” but the “brothers on the block” came to welcome them as friends. Inside the department, however, things were not going as well. Cahill continued to defend CRU against outside criticism, but privately his support turned lukewarm and then cool. Many observers claim that the chief was responding to pres- sures from below. One says flatly: “Chief Cahill doesn’t run the department. The Police Officers Association does." And most of the police force hated the CRU. Lieutenant Andreotti had little trouble personally, but his staff caught hell—“commie-relations department” and “‘nigger- lovers” were the most common terms. Andreotti’s troubles came on another level, with the station captains and with “downtown.” There were four black officers in the unit and when Andreotti asked for more blacks, Cahill refused, saying there were too many in the unit already. A neighborhood community relations committee held a Christmas party, and Andreotti invited the entire force; not one cop showed up. Andreotti is quick to point out that it wasn’t just his fellow cops. The mayor never came to a community relations meeting. A form letter to 4500 members of a merchants’ asso- ciation, regarding summer jobs for blacks, got no jobs, summer or otherwise; the same plea on TV brought only hate mail. In September of 1966, a San Francisco policeman shot and killed an unarmed fifteen-year-old black, Matthew Johnson, who was running from a stolen car, A wave of anger swept through the Hunter's Point ghetto and the surrounding area. The cops and National Guardsmen, riot-alerted that year, swept along outer Third Street, the neighborhood's principal artery, turning a minor disturbance into a “riot.” There was & lot of shooting—almost all of it by cops at un- armed péople—but no one was Killed except Johnson. It would undoubtedly have been far worse had it not been for the CRU people who rushed to the scene and the “cool it” work of several groups of young people with whom the mayor's office had been maintaining contact (one youth had just succeeded in calming and turning back an angry group of blacks when a police bullet hit him in the back). Still, to the nation’s press it was a “riot,” and Big Red Cahill was furious. “I'll know how to handle this situation the next time," he stormed to Andreotti. “After all I did for those people! I was the only police chief in the country without a riot! They spoiled my record!" N AUGUST 1967, ANDREOTTI RETIRED from the police department after 27 years of service. He retired because he felt the community relations program was being undermined, and because he felt he could no longer be effective in a “general white-racist atmosphere.” Andreotti now works for the Community Relations Service of the U.S. Department of Justice. Thinking back to the John Birch Society literature he saw on some station house bulletin boards in San Francisco, and the big picture of the Imperial Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan labeled “Our Hero” which he observed in at least one precinct, he now says, “Our war was with the police department.” Andreotti’s own experience convinced him that “the major- ity of police opposed the concepts of equal opportunity in housing, education and employment long before civil disorders. and violence struck our cities."’ When these disorders did erupt, as inv the Hunter’s Point incident of 1966, the police response was to use the occasion as an excuse to expand their forces. Thus in the wake of the police killing of Matthew Johnson, Cahill persuaded then San Francisco Mayor John Shelley to allow the creation of a Tactical Squad, an “elite” group of troubleshooters with training in judo and karate—but not in community relations. { Another good index of the change in priorities in the police department is provided by Los Angeles’ recently resigned police chief, Tom Reddin, who says Cahill told him that “a few years ago, 95 per cent of our intelligence work used to go towards combatting organized crime. Now, 95 per cent of our intelligence work is in civil rights and riots."" No wonder J. Edgar Hoover thinks that “Tom Cahill is one of the finest police chiefs in this country.” , ‘Cahill would never admit it, but he probably owes his job PAGE 16 and whatever prestige he has to Dan Andreotti. Andreotti made Cahill and the SFPD nationally known for “community relations” work. A President's commission praised the depart- ment for opening “new communication channels with com- munity segments never before considered ‘reachable.’ * Cahill was rewarded with a vice presidency in the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), which is one of those outfits in which the various officers all move up one notch each year, This past September, the same month in which George Baskett was shot, Cahill moved to the presidency of the organization. Even his vice presidency in the [ACP might not have saved Cahill’s job back in 1963-64, when John Shelley was elected mayor of San Francisco and wanted to replace Cahill. Cahill, who needed four more years to be eligible for a police chief's pension, asked Andreotti to go to black community leaders and seek their support for his efforts to stay on as chief. “For two or three years there was wonderful rapport between the blacks and the police department,” Andreotti said. “The police weren't shooting at people, and they weren't getting shot at. Cahill was going along with the liberal, even the radical ideas the Community Relations Unit came up with. I went to the black leaders and told them the chief was learning more about race relations every day. They went along with Cahill. As soon as Cahill got his 25 years in, in 1967, he began to emasculate the police Community Relations Unit. We were taken.” [WHO POLICES THE POLICE?) OSEPH ALIOTO IS A CLASSIC BIG CITY MAYOR in the liberal Democratic tradition. (The Christian Science Monitor has referred to him as “Lindsay West.) He sticks firm with the regulars and went to Chicago to second Hubert Humphrey's nomination at the convention last year. Alioto relies onthe liberal political base of ethnic consensus, and is therefore profoundly threatened by being held account- able for gratuitous, racially provocative police violence. Yet here, as in other American cities caught in a rising spiral of ur- ban violence, the liberal politicians have increasingly lost control over the police, who have emerged as a formidable, vindictive and indspendent political power. This was made clear in New York when the police dealt a crushing blow to the review board proposal backed by political leaders from Lindsay to Jacob Javits and Bobby Kennedy, defeating it by two to one in a city-wide referendum campaign heavy with racism. For Alioto, the aggressive power of the police has made it increasingly difficult to pull together the team of ethnic constituencies that he hopes to ride to the governorship and beyond. Two things of importance happened in the San Francisco Police Department during 1967, the year of Alioto’s election. Dante Andreotti quit. And a few days after the election, Chief Cahill signed his General Order 105, creating the Tac Squad in its present Mave-carrying, paramilitary form as the de- partment’s super-bullies. Actually, it was the liberal Alioto who gave the green light to the new special forces. As a member of Alioto's family explained it afterwards to one reporter: “When my uncle got elected last November he thought he needed to take advantage of the contacts he had built up within the depart- ment over the years. He knew he could cause a split in the “Irish Mafia’ that controlled the cops because he had several good friends, from college and all, who were on his side, but what he had to do was create a public climate within the department that would be favorable to him. So he gave the go-ahead to Cahill both to stay on as chief, and to remake the Tactical Squad into the kind of a thing the other cops would really dig. This would not only give him good entrée to the cops but’ would solidify the Republicans and right- wingers in the city behind him as mayor.” It wasn’t until a city-wide newspaper strike began in January 1968, that the squad got its real chance to practice. The first opportunity was a demonstration outside the Fairmont Hotel, on top of Nob Hill, on the occasion of a speech inside the hotel by then Secretary of State Dean Rusk. Demonstrators threw bags of blood at the hotel and some of them were prepared to be arrested. But no one waseady for the club-swinging, head-cracking police riot that followed, We shall forego description; you have read such descriptions before. Let us merely say that this was a bad one, and there are several lawsuits pending from that night. Alioto, who had only television to contend with, said that he didn’t believe there was any police brutality and characterized the demonstrators as “neofascist storm troopers.” : The abandoned behavior of the Tac Squad was a clear projection of the mayor’s political strategy with the police: to consolidate his base by winning them over (from Cahill) with a free hand and a blanket endorsement. A few weeks later the Tac Squad struck again, this time in the Haight-Ashbury, where they simply ran a “sweep” of Haight Street and beat the hell out of everybody in sight, young of old, male or female, hippie or straight, including a few undercover cops and a couple of reporters. 5 Alioto was again quick to defend the marauding forces against irresponsible charges of police brutality. Having resolved to replace Cahill, he was getting ready to make his move. In August, the mayor had Terry Francois, a black member of the Board of Supervisors who is a close political ally of his, float a trial balloon. With Alioto out of town for a speech, Francois, acting mayor for the period, publicly stated that Tom Cahill should be replaced. The outcry from San Francisco's prominent and politically powerful business inter- ests was strong enough for Alioto to hear all the way in New York, where he was speaking. On top of that, about 15 top men in the police department, all Cahill appointees, threat- ened to quit, (Patronage is a prime source of the police chief's power. All inspectors, and the commanding officers of stations, units and bureaus in the San Francisco Police Department serve by the appointment of the chief.) The rank and file Police Officers Association was also unhappy and made its views known. What the thoughts of the Catholic Archdiocese of San Francisco were on the matter is not known, but since that body is thought to have a veto power over who actually heads the police department, it is assumed that Alioto heard plenty. In any case, his trial balloon collapsed, and no more criticism of Cahill was heard from City Hall. So by late September 1968, when Patrolman O'Brien and George Baskett squared off—gun to wooden stick—in Brush Place, Cahill was firmly in command of the police and the police were beyond mayoral reproach. When two Tac Squad officers went berserk in San Francisco’s Mission District earlier in the month, and a commission of inquiry was called, it was Alioto who made certain thatthe commission did-not lay the ground for a police review board. No one could have been more satisfied by the mayor's performance than Cahill, who two years earlier, in a tirade before the San Francisco Press Club, proclaimed: "The day this town has a police review board, I'll quit. The police department can inves- tigate any charges of malpractice against a policeman.” [AFTERMATH] ICHAEL O'BRIEN WAS FREED ON MARCH 20, On March 30, Patrolman Gerald Roberts, with his gun drawn, chased Alvert Joe Linthcome into a record shop, erroneously suspecting him of stealing a car, Linthcome’s younger sister, who was standing outside the Store, screamed at Roberts, “Don't shoot him, please, don't shoot him.” Linthcome, black, nineteen, and unarmed, turned around and put his elbows on the counter behind him. Roberts stepped. into the doorway and killed him. The police, and ultimately the coroner, said it was justifiable homicide. Patrolman Roberts said, “I thought he had a gun.” John L. Brennan, attorney for the Linthcome family, has been denied permission to see the police report on the case. Elmo E. Ferrari, president of the civilian Police Commission, told him: “I'm sure Chief Cahill will give you all the docu- ments he thinks you should have. . . . We'll leave this in the chief's good hands.” The polarization deepens at all levels. The mayor courts the backlash by spewing hysteria about the Black Panthers: he informs a Presbyterian group that the Panthers’ ten-point program calls for “robbing and raping.” The police raid the Panther office in force, on the pretext of a sound permit violation, sparking a near riot in the angry neighborhood that is quelled, according ,to reporters, only by the Panthers themselves. The mayor is not impressed: “The young men who did react so quickly and so well were probably mistaken for Panthers.” A group called Officers for Justice is formed representing nearly all of the city’s 78 black policemen—the highest ranking blacks are two sergeants, the total police force is 1800—as an alternative to the white Police Officers Association. The new group cheers Reverend Cecil Williams when he calls the POA “the most racist organization we have in San Francisco.” The businessmen’s Downtown Association on the other hand cosponsors with the POA a testimonial dinner for O'Brien's attorney, Jake Ehrlich. One black policeman, Robert Jeffrey, on the force for more than four years, resigned four days after George Baskett was killed, saying, “. . . I can no longer be the recipient of this hatred and outright prejudice. . . . I can no longer go forth into the community and tell the people of the ghetto areas that everything is all right if we just wait a little longer.” A few years ago in the South, blacks refusing any longer to wait and trust in the white man’s justice to protect them, armed and organized themselves into the Deacons for Defense. existed for the black man in the South, reluctantly accepted this. Now they must face the fact that . if the liberal cities of | the North are going to practice Mississippi justice, a similar response from northern blacks may have to be ace as well. REPRINTED FROM 2AMRARTS en UEY’S APPEAL EDITOR'S NOTE: The following article is taken from the appeal pre- pared by the attorneys defending Huey P. Newton, Min- ister of Defense of the Black Panther Party. Huey's attorneys have moved to have the case reviewed by the Court of Appeals of the State of California, The Black Panther News Paper will print the appeal in part--every week to give the people all the facts as to why Huey P Newton should be set free immediately. se ————— oO Sk eee eee The peremptory challenge Is intended to secure a fair, not a biased, jury. The purpose of prohibitions against sys- tematic exclusion of Negroes in the selection of the panel is subverted If the prosecution is permitted to reach the goal of the non-representative jury through the peremptory challenge, Verdicts are delivered by juries, not by panels. Due to the operation of the other selection processes dis- cussed, supra, the prosecutor knew that it was statistically Possible for him to exclude all Negroes from the jury. He did in fact exclude all poor black persons from the jury, He did In fact exclude all persons who were members of the ghetto sub-culture described by Professor Blake(R.T 3336-75 and see map in sub-section 1, g, this section) In 1965, prior to the Kerner Commission findings, a majority of the United States Supreme Court, in Swain v, Alabama, 380 U.S 202, 65 S.Ct, 824 (1965), refused to re- verse a conviction on grounds that the peremptory challenge had been abused by the prosecution in order to exclude Negroes from the trial jury. crddfscussing the per. ~ogarrpipcss mt 7" e means lo ex- uve Negroestrom juries, Justice White stated, {n, the opinion of the Court (380 U.S, at zea): “If the State has not seen fit to leave a single Negro on any jury in a criminal case, the presumption pro- tecting the prosecutor may well be overcome. Such proof might support a reasonable inference that Ne- groes are excluded from juries for reasons wholly un- related to the outcome of the particular case on trial and that the peremptory system is being used to deny the Negro the same right and opportunity to partici- pate in the administration of justice enjoyed by the white population, These ends the peremptory chal- lenge is not designed to facilitate or fustify,’’ But the record was found, by the majority, to be silent on the prosecutor’s participating in striking Negroes from the juries in Talladega County, Alabama, from which the Case arose, The record here shows that the prosecution in Alameda County had, very recently prior to this case, in People y, Smith, supra, participated in what Judge Phillips found to be a conscious elimination of all Negroes from a jury (R,T_ 1326), Even the Swain majority. acknowledged that ‘‘there is hothing in the Constitution of the United States which re- QUires the Congress (or the States) to grant peremptory challenges’ (quoting from Stilson v, United States, 250 U.S, 583, $86, 40 S.Ct, 28, 30, at 380 U.S 219), A closely divided Court held the record Insufficient to establish abuse of the peremptory in Swain. Mr. Justice Goldberg, with who the Chief Justice (Warren) and Mr. Justice Douglas joined, entered a vigorous dissent; Mr, Justice Harlan concurred in the result but emphasized his Understanding that the Court reserved and did not decide the question which it found not presented by the record In the case; Mr. Justice Black concurred only in the result anddidnot join in the majority opinion, Mr, Justice Goldberg could not agree that the record Was silent as to the ‘State's involvement in the total ex- clusion of Negroes from jury service in Talladega County"’ (380 U.S, at 233), and further stated (at 239, 241): “The Court's jury decisions, read together, have never distinguished between exclusion from the jury panel and exclusion from the jury itself, Indeed, no Such distinction can be drawn. The very point of all these cases isto prevent that deliberate and systematic discrimination against Negroes or any other racial group that would prevent them, not merely from being Placed upon the panel, but from serving on the jury,35 FOOTNOTE 35. See also the dissent of Judge Edgerton in Hall v, United States, 168 F.2d 161 (D.C, Cir, 1948), cert den 68 S.Ct, 1509, THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 17 The history of peremptory challenge and the decisions of almost all courts which have considered the relative stand- ing of the rights of the accused and of the prosecution to peremptory challenge, show clearly that the peremptory challenge is not an equal right to the accused and the prosecution, but that the accused's right Is more funda- mentally bottomed in his right to a fair trial and designed to (effectuate) the right to trial by an impartial jury."’ Carroll v, State, 190 So. 437, 139 Fla, 233 (1939); Meade v, State, 85 So, 2d 613 (Fla, 1956, 59 A L.R 2d 835); and see also, People vy, Diaz, supra, 105 C A.2d at 695. In State v, Thompson, 68 Ariz, 386, 206 P,2d 1037 (1949), the court stated that peremptory challenges are purely legislative in origin, but the right Is still sub- Stantive rather than merely procedural, and should be fully enforced as an aid to securing an Impartial jury for the accused, In Commonwealth v, Evans, 212 Pa, 369, 61 A, 989 (1905), the court said that the peremptory challenge: ‘*,..ls one which the law tn Its humanity gives to an accused, to be exercised by him without giving or being ableto give any reason why the juror should not serve, This challenge excluded a juror on what may be merely the whim of the accused, so great is the law's concern that he shall be tried only by those against whom he does not have evena capricious prejudice,’" 61 A, at 989, At common law, the right of the accused to peremptory challenges in capital cases has been spoken of as ‘‘one of the most Important rights secured to the accused."’ Frazier v, United States, 335 U.S, 497, 69 S.Ct, 201 (1948), footnote 11; Pointer v. United States, 151 U_S 396, 14 S.Ct, 410 (1893), The prosecution did not have the right of peremptory challenge at common law. Although the Crown had an un- limited right of peremptory challenge In the very early days of jury trials, this right was completely abolished by the statute of 33 Edward I (1305), and was not a part of the common law Immediately prior to the revolutionary period, nor when the United States Constitution was a- dopted, See 50 C.J.S., Juries, section 280 (C2); United States v. Marchant, 12 Wheat. 480, 6 L, Ed. 700 (1827); 35 C,J., page 407, notes 76-78. Even before the prerogative of the Crown toperemptory challenges was abolished, it was not arightof the common law but a prerogative of the sovereign I.e,, ‘‘that power, pre-eminence or privilege which the King hath and claimeth over and beyond other persons and above the ordinary course of the common law In right of his crown,’'Jacob’s Law Dictionary; Attorney General v. City of Eau Claire, 47 Wis. 400. The House of Representatives of the First Congress of the United States sent to the Senate in 1789, the fol- lowing draft of the proposed amendment relating to jury trials in criminal cases; ‘‘The trial of all crimes, except in cases of im- peachment, and in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia when in actual service in time of war or public danger, shall be by an im- partial jury of the vicinage, with the right of chal- lenge and other accustomed requisited...’’ (Journal of the First Session of the Senate of the United States (New York 1789) 103, 106, Gaz, U.S. August 29, 1789) Thus, it is clear that when the Bill of Rights was drafted and adopted, the right of the accused to challenge was regarded as an ‘‘accustomed requisite’ of an im- partial jury, and the prosecution’s later legislative and statutory right to peremptory challenge is not such a Seanlatian nor is it an equal right with that of the ac- cused. During the many debates in the several states in the mid-nineteenth century on the issue of whether the jury had the right to judge and determine the law as well as the facts, it was proposed, for the first time in several states, that the prosecution be given the rightto peremptory challenge to mitigate the difficultfes of getting convic- tions where public sentiment was against them, Addressing himself to this question in the Kentucky Debates on jury provisions, Willlam D. Mitchell expressed what was apparently ‘‘ basic law’’ in that state and against the strong opinion that the criminal law in Kentucky had become a farce, bribery and emotionalism determining the results, To combat this democratization of the jury, there were serious attempts to grant the prosecution the right of peremptory challenge, defeated 55-30, (Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1849, Debates 1085, 693-94, 91-92, 675) A proposed amendment to deal with what the prose- cution thought were similar difficulties in Maryland by giving the states the same right to peremptory challenge jurors as the accused had was defeated 42-25, (I Debates and Proceedings of Maryland Convention 191 (1851)) Although the prosecutlon’s statutory right to per- emptorily challenge in criminal cases ts less than es- sential to a fair trial, there is no claim that the mere exercise of a peremptory challenge denies defendants any rights. What is urged here is that the district attor- ney did not truly exercise the peremptory challenge, but systematically eliminated all black people but the one he felt it necessay to gamble on in view of the decision tn People v, Smith, supra, END FOOTNOTE ‘‘Finally, the Court’s reasoning on this point com- pletely overlooks thefactthatthetotal exclusion of Negroes from jurlesin Talladega County results from the interlocking of an inadequate venire selection system, for which the State concededly is respon- sible, and the use of peremptory challenges,’’ The record was further beclouded In Swain by evidence of Negro defendants and attorneys desiring to eliminate Negro jurors and at times entering into agreements with the prosecution to accomplish this. The individual and community interests which are served by fair jury selection depend upon adherence to the prin- ciple of nondiscrimination throughout the selection process, The Fourteenth Amendment ts concerned with the compo- sition and impartiality of the jury itself, not simply of the venire. If the prosecutor may reasonably suppose that the Negro juror may be sympathetic to the Negro defendant, by the same token {t must be assumed that a white jury may be sympathetic to the white victim; thus, when the prosecutor challenges a Negro to get a white juror in his place, he does not eliminate prejudice in exchange for neutrality, he secures a friendly Juror inplace ofa hostile one, The state is thus not playing a neutral role but taking advantage of racial divisions to the detriment of the defendant. It can- not be consistent with equal protection and the principle of fair jury selection to permit the state to eliminate one element in the population deemed friendly to the defense in favor of another presumably hostile In precisely those cases where this disadvantages members of the minority race, Then, how much more effective ts the practice--from the prosecution's point of view--and how devastating the In- equality of permitting the prosecutor to do so where a black ghetto is surrounded by white suburbs and there are essentially two separate communities in the country, (See map in subsection 1, g, in this section,) and testimony of Hunter, Blauner, Blake and Dizard, and the defendant cited, supra, on the differences and tensions between white and black communities. If the particular use of the peremptory conflicts with constitutional requirements, the latter must prevall. The state cannot constitutionally promote the objective of juries racially biased against the defense, atleast in those areas where Negroes are a disfavored minority element in the population. Reitman v. Mulkey, supra, 387 U.S, 369, 87 S.Ct. 1627, The injury caused here by the systematic exlusion of all Negroes but one extends to the Jury system, to the law as an institution, to the community at large, andto the demo- cratic Ideal reflected In the processes of our courts, Ballard v, United States, 329 U.S, 187, 67 S.Ct. 261 (1946), The 1961 Report of the United States Commission on Civil Rights, Justice (No. 5 atpage 97), states of the law of jury exclusion that ‘the first consitutional theory has to do with the right to serve on ajury,’’ The exclusion here vio- lates the public policy of California and the United States, See James v, Marinship, 25 Cal, 2d 721 (1944), As black population increases, the states are increasingly compelled to use sources of lists which have some Negroes upon them, and the peremptory challenge becomes the last (along with excuse for opposition to capital punish- ment) and effective procedure inthe arsenal of discrimina- tory devices. See, @.g¢., Sims v, State, 221 Ga, 190, 144 S.E. 2d 103 (1965), revd on other ground sub nom Sims v, Georgia, 389 U S. 404, 88 S.Ct. 523 (1967); State v, Barks- dale, 247 La, 198, 170 So, 2d 374 (1964), cert den 382 U.S, 921, 86 S.Ct. 297 (1965); State v. Anderson, supra, 206 La. 986, 20 So, 2d 288 (1944); State v, Logan, 344 Mo, 351, 126 S.W. 2d 256 (1939); and People v. Smith, supra, Prior to each of the cited southern cases, the selection of jurors in the jurisdiction was found discriminatory, and convictions were reversed, The Kerner Commission find- ings and the California vote on Proposition 14 preclude any argument which ipso facto distinguishes the southern cases. In Oakland, Alameda County, California, in 1968, use of the peremptory challenge by the prosecution was found, on the basis of the demographic facts and the reality of rela- tions between the black and white communities of the county, to violate federally protected rights of the defondants under the equal protection and due process clauses of the Federal Constitution. These black and white communities were further polar. ized between the time of the issuance of the opinion in People v, Smith, supra, and the picking of the trial jury herein, by publicity36 preceding and surrounding the trial. It was prejudicial error to deny the motionfor mistrial on grounds of total exclusion of defendant's peers andof con- scious exclusion of all but a token Negro from the jury. THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 18 October 1966 Black Panther Party Platform and Program What We Want What We Believe FREE HUEY Minister of Defense. Black Panther Party 1. We want freedom. We want power to determine the destiny of our Black Community. We believe that black people will not be free until we are able to deter- mine our destiny 2 We want full employment for our people. We believe that the federal government is responsible and obligated to give every man employment or a fiarantecd income We believe that if the white American businessmen will not give full employment then the means of production should be taken from the businessmen and placed in the community so that the people of the community can organize and em ploy all of its people and give a high standard of living + We want an end to the robbery by the CAPITALIST of our Black Community We believe that thisracist government has robbed us and now we are demanding the overdue debt of forty acres and two mules, Forty acres and two mules was promised 100 years ago as restitution for slave labor and mass murder of black people. We will accept the payment in currency which Will be distributed to our many communities The Germans are now aiding the Jews in Israel for the genocide of the Jewish people. The Ger- mans murdered six million Jews. The American racist has taken part in the slaughter of over Hfly million black people: therefore, we feel that this is a modest demand that we make 1. We want decent housing. fit for shelter of human beings. We believe that if the white landlords will not give decent housing to our black community. then the housing and the land should be made into cooperatives so that our community, with government aid, can build and make decent housing for its people 5. We want education for our people that exposes the true nature of this decadent American society. We want education that teaches us our true history and our role in the present-day society. We believe in an educational system that will give to our people a knowl- edge of self. If a man does not have knowledge of himself and his position in society and the world, then he has little chance to relate to anything else 6. We want all black men to be exempt from military service, We believe that Black people should not be forced to fight in the mili- tary service to defend a racist government that does not protect us. We will not fight and kill other people of color in the world who, like black people, are being victimized by the white racist government of America. We will protect ourselves from the force and violence of the racist police and the racist military, by whatever means necessary >. We want an immediate end to POLICE BRUTALITY and MURDER of black people. We believe we can end police brutality in our black community by or- ganizing black self-defense groups that are dedicated to defending our black community from racist police oppression and brutality. The Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States gives a right to bear arms. We therefore believe that all black people should arm themselves for self-defense ’ - 8. We want freedom for all black men held in federal, state, county and city prisons and jails. We believe that all black people should be released from the many jails and prisons because they have not received a fair and impartial trial, 9. We want all black people when brought to trial to be tried in court by — a juryoof their peergroup-or pouple frum their black -communities,.as defined by the Constitution of the United States. ‘Ve believe that the courts should follow the United States Constitution so that black people will receive fair trials. The 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution gives a man a right to be tried by his peer group. A peer is a person from a similar economic, social, religious, geographical, en- vironmental, historical and racial background. To do this the court will be forced to select a jury from the black community from which the black defendant came. We have been, and are being tried by all-white juries that have no understanding of the “average reasoning man” of the black community 10. We want land, bread, housing, education, clothing, justice and peace. And as our major political objective, a United Nations-supervised plebis- cite to be held throughout the black colony in which only black colonial subjects will be allowed to participate, for the purpose of determining the will of black people as to their national destiny. When. in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with” another, and to assume, among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and naturg’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation, We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That, to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that, whenever any form of vovernment becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new government, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness. Pru- dence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and, accordingly, all experience hath shown, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sulferable. than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But, when a long train of abuses and unsurpations, pur- suing invariably the same object. evinces a design to reduce them under ab- solute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such govern- ment, and to provide new guards for their future security. 4 ee Oo! a i= 2 a a RL met SUBSCRIPTION FORM Sang Support Your Newspaper-- Subscribe sil Today! "s ter my subsenption for (check box Netional Foreign enter my SUOSCO PION Subscriptions Subscriptions I MONTHS: (13 ISSUFS) $2.50 $3.00 6 MONTHS; (26 ISSUFS) $5.00 $6.00 ONE YEAR, (52 ISSUFS) $7.50 $9.00 (please print) NAME ADDRESS CITY STATE/ZIP # COUNTRY PLEASE MAIL CHECK MINISTRY OF INFORMATION, BLACK PANTHER PARTY, OR MONEY ORDER TO Bor 2967, Custom House, San Francisco, CA 94126 De i Red ei ar Bakes kee = Boo hes eB hs Bos eo EDITORIAL STAFF CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF OF THE THE BLACK PANTHER BLACK PANTHER PARTY Political Prisoner: Minister of Defense HUEY NEWTON Minister of Defense HUEY P._ NEWTON Cheirman BOBBY SEALE Choirman BOBBY SEALE Editor Minister of Information Minister of Informotion ELDRIDGE CLEAVER ELDRIDGE CLEAVER Chief of Stoff Managing Editor DAVID HILUARD Deputy Minister of Information BIG MAN Field Marshals UNDERGROUND Revolutionary Artist and loy-out Minister of Culture EMORY DOUGLAS Production Manoger JOHN SEALE Minister of Education Ray ‘Masai’ Hewitt Minister of Finance Minister of Foreign Affairs Minister of Justice Co-Editors Prime Minister Communications Secretary KATHLEEN CLEAVER Distribution Manager ANDREW AUSTIN Minister of Culture EMORY DOUGLAS Circulation SAM NAPIER The editorial and production cost of THE BLACK PANTHER News- paper have increased considerably. We would like to continue increasing weekly circulation and our national and interna- tional news coverage. To do this we need your aid. Please send us news items, general information, and contributions. Help us distribute and get new subscriptions to The Black Panther newspaper. Submit to: BLACK PANTHER NEWSPAPER 3106 SHATTUCK AVE. BERKELEY, CALIF. THE BLACK PANTHER, SATURDAY SEPTEMBER 27, 1969 PAGE 19 RULES OF THE BLACK PANTHER PARTY CENTRAL HEADQUARTERS OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.. Every member of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY throughout this country of racist America must abide by these rules as functional mem- bers of thiy party. CENTRAL COMMITTER member, CENTRAL STAFES, and LOCAL STAFFS, including all captains subordinate to cither national, state, und local leadership of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY will enforce these rules, Length of suspension or other dis- ciplinary action necessury for violation of these rules will depend on national decisions by national, state of state arca, and local committees and staffs where said rule or cules of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY WERE VIOLATED. Feery member of the party must know these verbatum by heurt. And apply them daily. Fach member must report any violation of these rules te their leadership or they ure counter-revolutionary and are alo subjected fo suspension by the BLACK PANTHER PARTY. THE RULES ARF: 1. No party member can have nurccetics or weed in his possession while doing party work. 2. Any party member found shooting narcotics will be expelled from this party. 3. No party member cun be DRUNK while doing daily party work. 4. No party member will violate rules relating to office work, gencral mectings of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY, and meetings of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY ANYWHERE. 5. Neo party member will USE, POINT, or FIRE a weapon of any kind unnecessarily or accidentally af anyone. 6. No party member can join any other army force other than the BLACK LIBERATION ARMY. 7. No party member can have a weapon in his possession while DRUNK or loaded off narcotics or weed. 8. No party member will commit any crimes against other party members or BLACK people at all, and cannot steal or take from the people, not even a needle or a piece of thread, r 9. When arcesied BLACK PANTHER MEMBERS will pive only name, address, and will sign nothing. Leyal first aid must be understood by all Party members, 10. The Ten Point Program and platform of the BLACK PANTHER PARTY must be known and understood by each Party member. Ht. Party Communications must be National and Local. 12. The 10-10-10-program should be known by all members and alse understood by all members, 13. All Finance officers will operate under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Finance. 14, Each peron will submit a report of daily work. 15, Each Sub-Section Leader Section Leader, Lieutenant, and Captain mudt submit Daily reports of work, 16. All Panthers munt Icarn Co operate and service weapons correctly. 17. All Leadership personnel who expel a member must submit this information to the Editor of the Newspaper, so that it will be published in the paper and will be Known by all chapters and branches. 18. Political Fducation Classes are mandatory for general member- ship. 19. Only office personnel assigned te respective offices cach day should be there. All Others are to sell papers and do Political work out in the community, including € aptains, Section Leaders, ete. 20. COMMUNICATIONS — all chapters must submit weekly re- ports in writing to the National Headquarters. 21. All Branches must implement Fist Aid and/or Medical Cadres. 22, All Chapters. Hranches, and components of the BLACK PAN- THER PARTLY most submit a monthly Financial Report to the Minis- try of Finance, and alse the Central Committee. 24, Bversone ina leadership position must read no less than two hours per day te keep abreast of the changing political situation 24. No chapter or branch shall accept grants, poverty Minds. mones or ans other aid from any goverament agency without contacting the National Headquarters, 25. All chapters must adhere to the policy and the ideologs Laid down by the CENTRAL COMMITTER ‘of the BLACK PANTHER PARITY. 26, ALL Branches niost subinit weekly reports in weting tu their ee. spective Chapters. = oS be Ae SEQ “ets Fars OR ees